Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to omeprazole-induced drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS): Case report and review of the literature.

Eosinophilia in not an uncommon findings in the intensive care unit (ICU); however, DRESS (Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms) syndrome, which is characterized by a hypersensitivity reaction to drugs and manifests as eosinophilia, systemic involvement and maculopapular erythematous rash 2-6 weeks after exposure to the offending drug, is an exceptional occurrence. We present the first case described in the literature of DRESS syndrome with pulmonary involvement in the form of interstitial pneumonitis and persistent adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) secondary to proton pump inhibitors (PPI). The patient made a good recovery after withdrawal of the offending drug and long-term treatment with systemic corticosteroids. We also present a systematic review of all cases of DRESS with pulmonary involvement in the form of interstitial pneumonitis and cases of PPI-induced DRESS published to date; none of these describe pulmonary involvement.

Secuencia de intubación rápida / Rapid sequence intubation

El aislamiento de la vía aérea de emergencia es una técnica de alto riesgo y estresante para el facultativo. Para minimizar las complicaciones, tener alto porcentaje de éxito de intubación y disminuir el estrés del responsable de la intubación se utiliza la secuencia de intubación rápida (SIR). Consta de 7 pasos: planificación y preparación, preoxigenación, pretratamiento, sedación y relajación neuromuscular, posición y protección, comprobación del tubo endotraqueal y manejo postintubación. En esta revisión realizamos una descripción y actualización de las fases de SIR (AU)

Establishing an airway is a stressful, high-risk maneuver for a physician. The rapid sequence intubation procedure is used to minimize complications, achieve a high success rate, and reduce stress. The sequence involves the following 7 steps:1) planning and preparation, 2) preoxygenation, 3) pretreatment, 4) sedation and neuromuscular relaxation, 5)protection and positioning, 6) tube placement inside the trachea with proof, and 7) postintubation management. This review describes the steps and explains how to carry them ouy (AU)

Relación entre volumen de la glándula prostática y algunos marcadores histológicos de malignidad / Relation Between Prostate Gland Volume and Some Histological Markers of Malignancy

Objetivos: La relación entre el volumen total de la glándula prostática, o el peso de la misma tras prostatectomía radical, y los marcadores histológicos de malignidad en casos de cáncer de próstata, es motivo de controversia. Hemos analizado 100 muestras consecutivas de prostatectomía radical para determinar la relación entre el volumen o el peso de la glándula prostática y la agresividad biológica del proceso tumoral expresado por diferentes marcadores histológicos. Material y métodos: Se han revisado las piezas de prostatectomía radical de 100 pacientes consecutivos, que no recibieron tratamiento hormonal preoperatorio. Estas muestras quirúrgicas fueron procesadas siguiendo un protocolo común. En la ulterior valoración se investigó con mayor precisión: el grado de Gleason, volumen tumoral, multifocalidad, invasión vascular o neural, estadio pT y presencia de focos de PIN. Los hallazgos fueron comparados con el peso de la glándula utilizando el paquete estadístico de WINDOWS SPSS 13.0 con valor estadístico significativo de p<0,05. Según el peso de la glándula se formaron tres grupos:<40g (33%), entre 40-90g (61%) y >90g (6%). Resultados: Se encontró una asociación estadísticamente significativa (p=0,001) entre el peso de la glándula y el volumen del tumor, ya que 15 de 33 glándulas de peso inferior a 40g mostraron más del 50% de la glándula afectada por tumor, comparado con ninguno de los 6 pacientes con peso total mayor de 90g. También se encontró relación significativa entre la multifocalidad y el peso (p=0,03), de forma que 24 de 33 glándulas menores de 40g tenían multifocalidad bilateral en comparación con solo una de 6 glándulas mayores de 90g. La invasión neural, el número de focos de PIN y un grado combinado de Gleason más alto fueron más frecuentes en las próstatas pequeñas, pero la diferencia no alcanzó significación estadística. Conclusiones: Nuestro estudio indica que las glándulas prostáticas de gran volumen albergan tumores de menor malignidad (volumen tumoral, bilateralidad). El hallazgo justifica la conveniencia de contar con el volumen total de la glándula prostática para decisiones diagnósticas (indicación de biopsia prostática y repetición de las mismas) y determinación pronóstica (AU)

Objectives: The relationship between the total volume of the prostate gland or its weight after radical prostatectomy and the histological markers of malignancy in cases of prostate cancer is a controversial subject. We have analyzed 100 consecutive radical prostatectomy specimens in order to determine the relationship between volume or weight of the prostate gland and the biological aggressiveness of the tumor process by different histological markers. Material and methods: One hundred consecutive radical prostatectomy specimens in patients who had not received pre-operative hormone treatment were retrospectively reviewed. These surgical samples were processed according to a standardized protocol. In a subsequent evaluation, the following were studied with greater detail: Gleason grade, tumor volume, multimodality, neural or vascular invasion, put stage, and presence of PIN foci. The histological findings were compared with the prostate gland weight using Windows SPAS, 13.0 statistical package with a significance value of p<0.05. According to the prostate gland weight, three groups were established: <40g (33%), 40 - 90g (61%), and >90g (6%). Results: A statistically significant association (p=0.001) was found between the prostate gland weight and tumor volume since 15 of the 33 glands with weight under 40g accounted for more than 50% of the glands affected by tumor compared to none of the 6 patients with total weight over 90g. A significant relationship was also found between the multimodality and weight. (P=0.03), so that 24 of the 33 glands under 40g had bilateral multimodality compared to only 1 out of the 6 glands over 90g. The neural invasion, number of PIN foci and the highest combined Gleason grade were frequent in low volume prostates, but the difference did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: Our study indicates that large volume prostate glands have tumors with lower malignancy (tumor volume, bilateralism). This finding justifies the adequacy of using total volume of the prostate gland for diagnostic decision (indication of prostatic biopsy and their repetition) and the prognostic determination (AU)

[Relation between prostate gland volume and some histological markers of malignancy]. / Relación entre volumen de la glándula prostática y algunos marcadores histológicos de malignidad.

OBJECTIVES: The relationship between the total volume of the prostate gland or its weight after radical prostatectomy and the histological markers of malignancy in cases of prostate cancer is a controversial subject. We have analyzed 100 consecutive radical prostatectomy specimens in order to determine the relationship between volume or weight of the prostate gland and the biological aggressiveness of the tumor process by different histological markers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred consecutive radical prostatectomy specimens in patients who had not received pre-operative hormone treatment were retrospectively reviewed. These surgical samples were processed according to a standardized protocol. In a subsequent evaluation, the following were studied with greater detail: Gleason grade, tumor volume, multimodality, neural or vascular invasion, put stage, and presence of PIN foci. The histological findings were compared with the prostate gland weight using Windows SPAS, 13.0 statistical package with a significance value of p<0.05. According to the prostate gland weight, three groups were established: <40 g (33%), 40 - 90 g (61%), and >90 g (6%). RESULTS: A statistically significant association (p=0.001) was found between the prostate gland weight and tumor volume since 15 of the 33 glands with weight under 40 g accounted for more than 50% of the glands affected by tumor compared to none of the 6 patients with total weight over 90 g. A significant relationship was also found between the multimodality and weight. (P=0.03), so that 24 of the 33 glands under 40 g had bilateral multimodality compared to only 1 out of the 6 glands over 90 g. The neural invasion, number of PIN foci and the highest combined Gleason grade were frequent in low volume prostates, but the difference did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicates that large volume prostate glands have tumors with lower malignancy (tumor volume, bilateralism). This finding justifies the adequacy of using total volume of the prostate gland for diagnostic decision (indication of prostatic biopsy and their repetition) and the prognostic determination.

Role of phi cells and the endodermis under salt stress in Brassica oleracea.

Phi cell layers were discovered in the 19th century in a small number of species, including members of the Brassicaceae family. A mechanical role was first suggested for this structure; however, this has never been demonstrated. The main objective of the present work was to analyse the ultrastructure of phi cells, their influence on ion movement from the cortex to the stele, and their contribution to salt stress tolerance in Brassica oleracea. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray microanalysis studies were used to analyse the subcellular structure and distribution of ions in phi cells and the endodermis under salt stress. Ion movement was analysed using lanthanum as an apoplastic tracer. The ultrastructural results confirm that phi cells are specialized cells showing cell wall ingrowths in the inner tangential cell walls. X-ray microanalysis confirmed a build-up of sodium. Phi thickenings were lignified and lanthanum moved periplasmically at this level. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the possible role of the phi cells as a barrier controlling the movement of ions from the cortex to the stele. Therefore, the phi cell layer and endodermis seem to be regulating ion transport in Brassica oleracea under salt stress.

Neumoencéfalo tras inhalación de cocaína / Pneumocephalus after cocaine inhalation

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Diagnóstico diferencial de masa pélvica en el paciente trasplantado renal / Differential diagnosis of pelvic mass after renal transplantation

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Parálisis facial y edema labial recurrente / Facial paralysis and recurrent labial edema

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