[Has sexuality changed in pregnancy? Baby boom generation versus millennial generation]. / ¿Ha variado la sexualidad en el embarazo? Generación baby boom versus generación millennial.

Sexuality is a complex and multidimensional phenomenon that constitutes a fundamental component in human relationships. Pregnancy is a crucial period in women's life and the physiological changes that happen in this period affect their sexuality. OBJECTIVE: Knowing how pregnancy impacts on sexual behaviors in millenial generation compared to baby boom generation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Descriptive and cross-sectional study, by means of a self-completed, population-based survey, to a sample of pregnant women in the third trimester of gestation who attended Primary Care. A descriptive study of the frequency distribution of all the variables was carried out. RESULTS: In baby boom generation and millennial generation, it is observed that during pregnancy couple's attraction decreases slightly. According to variables desire and frequency of intercourse, results obtained show that as the pregnancy progresses there is a marked decrease in desire and intercourse frequency. Women state that they do not have enough information about sexuality in their current state, despite years having passed. CONCLUSIONS: During last 35 years, sexual behaviors have not changed in pregnant women. In both generations, changes in desire and intercourse domains were particularly significant, being in third trimester of pregnancy when frequency of intercourse decline. Pregnant women continue to hold erroneous beliefs about sexuality and request more sexual education.

¿Ha variado la sexualidad en el embarazo? Generación baby boom versus generación millennial / Has sexuality changed in pregnancy? Baby boom generation versus millennial generation

La sexualidad es un fenómeno complejo y multidimensional que constituye un componente fundamental en las relaciones humanas. El embarazo es un periodo crucial en la vida de las mujeres y los cambios fisiológicos que ocurren durante este periodo inciden en su sexualidad. Objetivo: Conocer qué impacto produce la gestación en las conductas sexuales en la generación millennial comparado con la generación baby boom. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo y transversal, mediante encuesta autocumplimentada, de base poblacional, a una muestra de mujeres embarazadas en el tercer trimestre de gestación que acudían a una consulta del equipo de atención primaria. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de distribución de frecuencias de todas las variables. Resultados: Tanto en la generación baby boom como en la generación millennial se observa que durante el embarazo la atracción por la pareja disminuye ligeramente. En las variables deseo y frecuencia de coito los resultados obtenidos muestran que a medida que progresa el embarazo hay una disminución marcada del deseo y la frecuencia coital. Las mujeres manifiestan que no tienen suficiente información sobre la sexualidad en su estado actual, a pesar de los años transcurridos. Conclusión: Las conductas sexuales en las mujeres embarazadas no han cambiado en los últimos 35 años. Los cambios observados en ambas generaciones, en los dominios deseo y coito, fueron particularmente notables, siendo en el tercer trimestre de embarazo cuando más decae la frecuentación del coito. Las gestantes siguen manteniendo creencias erróneas acerca de la sexualidad y solicitan más educación sexual (AU)

Sexuality is a complex and multidimensional phenomenon that constitutes a fundamental component in human relationships. Pregnancy is a crucial period in women's life and the physiological changes that happen in this period affect their sexuality. Objective: Knowing how pregnancy impacts on sexual behaviors in millenial generation compared to baby boom generation. Material and methods: Descriptive and cross-sectional study, by means of a self-completed, population-based survey, to a sample of pregnant women in the third trimester of gestation who attended Primary Care. A descriptive study of the frequency distribution of all the variables was carried out. Results: In baby boom generation and millennial generation, it is observed that during pregnancy couple's attraction decreases slightly. According to variables desire and frequency of intercourse, results obtained show that as the pregnancy progresses there is a marked decrease in desire and intercourse frequency. Women state that they do not have enough information about sexuality in their current state, despite years having passed. Conclusions: During last 35 years, sexual behaviors have not changed in pregnant women. In both generations, changes in desire and intercourse domains were particularly significant, being in third trimester of pregnancy when frequency of intercourse decline. Pregnant women continue to hold erroneous beliefs about sexuality and request more sexual education (AU)

[Incidence and multivariable genesis of postmenopausal depression]. / Incidencia y génesis multivariable de la depresión en la postmenopausia.

The present work tried to find out the postmenopausal depression rates and whether depressive symptoms are due to hormonal disturbances or to multiple variables, not only biological, but also psychological and social. The sample included 128 women with no psychiatric history, pharmacological therapy or recent, important events. Results show a high rate of depression related to different variables, but especially over that of the negative anticipated thinking.

Influence of sex, age, and menopause in serum osteocalcin (BGP) levels.

Osteocalcin (bone Gla protein) is a promising marker of bone turnover useful in the diagnosis and follow-up of high turnover osteoporosis. Conflicting results have been reported about its physiological variations according to sex, age, and menopause. Several, but not all, authors have found increased levels in males, with aging, and after menopause. We measured serum osteocalcin in 126 healthy subjects, 57 males and 69 females, aged between 45 and 88 years. Osteocalcin was higher (P less than 0.01) in males (6.24 +/- 0.36) than in females (4.32 +/- 0.34). This sexual difference was significant, too, in subjects younger and older than 60 years. Osteocalcin increased with age, linearly in males (P less than 0.05), and exponentially in females (P less than 0.05). Although there was a difference in age (P less than 0.05), no difference in osteocalcin levels between premenopausal women and women in their first two postmenopausal years was detected, while osteocalcin was significantly increased in women more than two years into menopause. We conclude that osteocalcin in healthy subjects is higher in males than in females and increases with age after 45 years in both sexes. Osteocalcin levels increase in women more than two years beyond menopause, but not only as an effect on aging.