RESUMO
The radiological diagnosis of osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVFs) is of major importance considering its therapeutic and prognostic implications. Both radiologists and clinicians have the opportunity to diagnose OVFs in daily clinical practice due to the widespread use of spine and chest radiography. However, several studies have reported an under-diagnosis of OVFs, particularly by a lack of consensus on the diagnostic criteria. Therefore, up-to-date knowledge of the most relevant approaches for the diagnosis of OVFs is necessary for many physicians. This article aims to review the most commonly used classification systems in the diagnosis of OVFs based on conventional radiography. We discuss their rationale, advantages and limitations, as well as their utility according to the context. This review will provide a concise yet useful understanding of the typology of OVFs, their clinical significance and prognosis. Finally, we include anatomical variations that can be confused with OVFs by non-experts.
Assuntos
Humanos , Fraturas por Osteoporose/diagnóstico por imagem , Radiografia , Fraturas da Coluna Vertebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Coluna Vertebral , OsteoporoseRESUMO
The radiological diagnosis of osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVFs) is of major importance considering its therapeutic and prognostic implications. Both radiologists and clinicians have the opportunity to diagnose OVFs in daily clinical practice due to the widespread use of spine and chest radiography. However, several studies have reported an under-diagnosis of OVFs, particularly by a lack of consensus on the diagnostic criteria. Therefore, up-to-date knowledge of the most relevant approaches for the diagnosis of OVFs is necessary for many physicians. This article aims to review the most commonly used classification systems in the diagnosis of OVFs based on conventional radiography. We discuss their rationale, advantages and limitations, as well as their utility according to the context. This review will provide a concise yet useful understanding of the typology of OVFs, their clinical significance and prognosis. Finally, we include anatomical variations that can be confused with OVFs by non-experts.
Assuntos
Fraturas por Osteoporose , Fraturas da Coluna Vertebral , Humanos , Fraturas por Osteoporose/diagnóstico por imagem , Radiografia , Fraturas da Coluna Vertebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Coluna VertebralRESUMO
Despite the growing use of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the study of spinal disorders, radiography still plays an important role in many conditions affecting the spine. However, the study and interpretation of spine radiograph is receiving less attention and radiologists are increasingly unfamiliar with the typical findings in normal and pathologic conditions of the spine. The aim of this article is to review the radiologic indications of radiograph in different pathologic conditions that affect the spine, including congenital, traumatic, degenerative, inflammatory, infectious and tumour disorders, as well as their main radiographic manifestations.
RESUMO
No disponible
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Idoso , Enfisema Mediastínico/diagnóstico por imagem , Infecções por Coronavirus/diagnóstico , Pneumonia Viral/diagnóstico , Enfisema Mediastínico/terapia , Enfisema Mediastínico/etiologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/complicações , Pneumonia Viral/complicações , Betacoronavirus , Superinfecção/complicações , Radiografia Torácica , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XAssuntos
Betacoronavirus , Técnicas de Laboratório Clínico/métodos , Infecções por Coronavirus/diagnóstico por imagem , Pneumonia Viral/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Adulto , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , COVID-19 , Teste para COVID-19 , Infecções por Coronavirus/diagnóstico , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pandemias , SARS-CoV-2 , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
Se presenta el caso de un hombre de 69 años de edad con antecedente de adenocarcinoma de próstata, el cual falleció por tromboembolia pulmonar. Se realizó estudio de autopsia, en el que se encontró un carcinoma neuroendocrino de células grandes de la próstata, que fue confirmado por inmunohistoquímica. Se hace una revisión de la literatura, ilustrando las características morfológicas de esta rara neoplasia(AU)
A case is presented of a 69-year-old man with a previous history of adenocarcinoma of the prostate who died of pulmonary embolism. Autopsy revealed a large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the prostate, which was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. The morphology and differential diagnosis of this rare tumour is discussed together with a review of the literature(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Metaplasia/patologia , Sistema Urinário/patologia , Neoplasias Urológicas/patologia , Neoplasias Ureterais/patologia , Metaplasia , Sistema Urinário/anatomia & histologia , Sistema Urinário/citologia , Nefrectomia/métodosRESUMO
Se presenta el caso de un hombre de 63 años de edad con leiomiosarcoma de la vena cava inferior que falleció por síndrome de vena cava inferior secundario al tumor. Se realizó el estudio de autopsia donde se demuestra el sitio primario de la neoplasia, así como reacciones de inmunohistoquímica para confirmar su estirpe histológica. Se hace una revisión de la literatura, ilustrando las características morfológicas, y se discuten los diagnósticos diferenciales(AU)
We present a case of leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava in a 63 year old man who subsequently died due to vena cava syndrome secondary to the tumour. Autopsy revealed the primary neoplasm, and immunohistochemistry confirmed the histological diagnosis. Morphology and differential diagnosis are discussed together with a review of the literature(AU)
