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1.
J Emerg Med ; 59(4): 477-484, 2020 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32684380

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Patients who receive noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in the emergency department (ED) sometimes have a limitation of life support treatment (LLST). The characteristics and prognosis in these patients may be worse, however, few studies have been carried out in this respect. OBJECTIVE: Analyze the differences between patients receiving NIV in the ED with LLST (NIV-LLST) or without LLST (NIV-noLLST) and their impact on in-hospital mortality, as well as investigate in-hospital mortality in the NIV-LLST group. METHOD: We performed a secondary analysis of data from the NIVCat registry. This was a prospective, multicenter, analytical cohort study with consecutive inclusion of patients receiving NIV from February to March 2015 in 11 hospital EDs in Spain. Data on the baseline characteristics, the acute episode, and final patient destination were collected. The dependent variable was all-cause in-hospital mortality. RESULTS: We analyzed 152 cases receiving NIV, 66 (43.4%) of whom had NIV-LLTS. Age ≥ 75 years was associated with NIV-LLST. In-hospital mortality was higher in the NIV-LLST group, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 2.50 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03-6.06). Patients with NIV-LLST presenting an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) presented the lowest mortality, with an odds ratio of 0.27 (95% confidence interval 0.08-0.93), compared with the remaining patients. CONCLUSION: In our cohort of patients receiving NIV in the ED, the presence of LLST is frequent and is associated with high hospital mortality. The NIV-LLST patients with a COPD exacerbation have a better prognosis than NIV-LLST patients with other diseases.


Assuntos
Ventilação não Invasiva , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica , Insuficiência Respiratória , Idoso , Estudos de Coortes , Humanos , Prognóstico , Estudos Prospectivos , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/terapia , Espanha/epidemiologia
2.
Emergencias ; 29(2): 93-98, 2017.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28825250

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of international normalized ratio (INR) findings outside the normal range in hospital emergency department patients on vitamin K antagonists (VKAs). To identify factors associated with abnormal anticoagulant levels in these patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Observational, cross-sectional, multicentric study in 4 hospital emergency departments. We included a convenience sample of patients on VKA treatment for whom INR levels were on record and who had sought emergency care for complications unrelated to anticoagulant treatment. RESULTS: We included 376 patients with a mean (SD) age of 76.8 (10.1) years; 50.3% were women and 86.7% had atrial fibrillation. We found that 60.4% (95% CI, 55.3%-65.2%) had INRs outside the reference range. Multivariate analysis showed that changes in the patients' other long-term medications were independently associated with nontherapeutic INR results (odds ratio, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.02-2.79; P=.035). CONCLUSION: Over 60% of patients on VKA treatment who come to hospital emergency departments with complaints unrelated to anticoagulant therapy have INR values outside the normal range. Changes in a patient's usual medications are significantly associated with nontherapeutic INR findings.


OBJETIVO: Determinar la prevalencia de un International Normalized Ratio (INR) fuera de rango entre los pacientes que acuden a los servicios de urgencias hospitalarios (SUH) y se encuentran en tratamiento con fármacos antivitamina K (AVK). Identificar los factores que se asocian con unos valores inadecuados de anticoagulación en estos pacientes. METODO: Estudio multicéntrico, observacional y transversal en cuatro SUH. Se incluyeron pacientes en tratamiento con AVK a los que se les realizó una analítica con determinación de INR, que no acudían por complicaciones asociadas al tratamiento anticoagulante. La inclusión se realizó mediante un muestreo de oportunidad. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron en el estudio un total de 376 pacientes. Edad media de 76,8 (10,1) años, 50,3% fueron mujeres. El 86,7% de los pacientes presentaban fibrilación auricular. El 60,4% (IC 95%: 55,3%-65,2%) de los pacientes tuvieron un INR fuera de rango. El análisis multivariado demostró que los cambios en los medicamentos habituales con odss ratio (OR) de 1,6 (IC 95%: 1,02-2,79; p = 0,035) se asociaron de forma independiente a la presencia de un INR fuera de rango. CONCLUSIONES: El 60,4% de los pacientes en tratamiento con AVK que acuden a un SUH sin complicaciones asociadas al tratamiento anticoagulante presenta un INR fuera de rango. Los cambios en el tratamiento habitual del paciente se relacionaron significativamente con un INR fuera de rango.


Assuntos
Anticoagulantes/farmacologia , Coeficiente Internacional Normatizado , Vitamina K/antagonistas & inibidores , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Fibrilação Atrial/sangue , Estudos Transversais , Emergências , Feminino , Próteses Valvulares Cardíacas , Humanos , Masculino , Polimedicação , Prevalência , Trombofilia/tratamento farmacológico
3.
Emergencias ; 29(1): 33-38, 2017 02.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28825266

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To study how noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is used in prehospital emergency services and hospital emergency departments. To explore associations between NIV use and hospital mortality. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective analysis of a consecutive multicenter cohort of patients who were treated with NIV between February and March 2015. The study was undertaken in emergency medical services in Catalonia and 8 Catalan hospital emergency departments. We collected information during the acute episode and on discharge, as well as data describing the patients' condition when stable. The dependent variable was all-cause hospital mortality. RESULTS: We studied 184 acute episodes requiring NIV, in the prehospital setting in 25 cases (13.6%) and in the hospital in 159 (86.4%). The most common scenario was acute heart failure (AHF) (38.0%). The second most common was chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (34.2%). In most cases, NIV was discontinued in the emergency department. Mortality was 7.5% during prehospital care and 21.4% in the hospital. Hospital mortality was associated with limiting the use of life support. We detected no significant differences in mortality between the groups of patients with AHF vs COPD. CONCLUSION: The use of NIV in prehospital and hospital emergency care follows current evidence-based recommendations and is required more often for AHF than for exacerbated COPD. Hospital mortality is high in this context and is associated with frequent limiting of life support.


OBJETIVO: Conocer las características de la ventilación no invasiva (VNI) en los servicios de urgencias prehospitalarios y hospitalarios. Comparar los resultados obtenidos en función de la mortalidad hospitalaria. METODO: Estudio de cohortes multicéntrico, analítico, prospectivo con inclusión consecutiva de pacientes en los que se realizó VNI durante febrero y marzo de 2015 en el ámbito prehospitalario por el Sistema d'Emergències Mèdiques (SEM) y en 8 servicios de urgencias (SU) hospitalarios de Cataluña. Se recogieron las características basales, del episodio agudo y de destino, y la variable dependiente fue la mortalidad hospitalaria por todas las causas. RESULTADOS: Se recogieron 184 episodios de VNI, 25 episodios (13,6%) prehospitalarios y 159 (86,4%) hospitalarios. El escenario más frecuente para su uso fue la insuficiencia cardiaca aguda (ICA) (38,0%) seguido de la agudización de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) (34,2%). En la mayoría de casos la VNI se retira en los SU. La mortalidad fue del 7,5% y del 21,4% en urgencias prehospitalarias y hospitalarias, respectivamente. La mortalidad hospitalaria se relacionó con más presencia de limitación del tratamiento de soporte vital (LTSV). No hubo diferencias de mortalidad entre los diferentes escenarios clínicos. CONCLUSIONES: La VNI en los SU prehospitalarios y hospitalarios sigue las recomendaciones de la evidencia científica actual y se realiza principalmente en la ICA y en la agudización de la EPOC. La mortalidad hospitalaria es elevada y se relaciona con la LTSV, que es muy frecuente.


Assuntos
Serviços Médicos de Emergência , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Ventilação não Invasiva , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Serviços Médicos de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Insuficiência Cardíaca/epidemiologia , Insuficiência Cardíaca/terapia , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Humanos , Masculino , Ventilação não Invasiva/efeitos adversos , Ventilação não Invasiva/estatística & dados numéricos , Pneumonia/epidemiologia , Pneumonia/terapia , Estudos Prospectivos , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/epidemiologia , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/terapia , Sistema de Registros , Insuficiência Respiratória/terapia , Espanha/epidemiologia
4.
Emergencias (St. Vicenç dels Horts) ; 29(2): 93-98, abr. 2017. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-161660

RESUMO

Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia de un International Normalized Ratio (INR) fuera de rango entre los pacientes que acuden a los servicios de urgencias hospitalarios (SUH) y se encuentran en tratamiento con fármacos antivitamina K (AVK). Identificar los factores que se asocian con unos valores inadecuados de anticoagulación en estos pacientes. Método: Estudio multicéntrico, observacional y transversal en cuatro SUH. Se incluyeron pacientes en tratamiento con AVK a los que se les realizó una analítica con determinación de INR, que no acudían por complicaciones asociadas al tratamiento anticoagulante. La inclusión se realizó mediante un muestreo de oportunidad. Resultados: Se incluyeron en el estudio un total de 376 pacientes. Edad media de 76,8 (10,1) años, 50,3% fueron mujeres. El 86,7% de los pacientes presentaban fibrilación auricular. El 60,4% (IC 95%: 55,3%-65,2%) de los pacientes tuvieron un INR fuera de rango. El análisis multivariado demostró que los cambios en los medicamentos habituales con odss ratio (OR) de 1,6 (IC 95%: 1,02-2,79; p = 0,035) se asociaron de forma independiente a la presencia de un INR fuera de rango. Conclusiones: El 60,4% de los pacientes en tratamiento con AVK que acuden a un SUH sin complicaciones asociadas al tratamiento anticoagulante presenta un INR fuera de rango. Los cambios en el tratamiento habitual del paciente se relacionaron significativamente con un INR fuera de rango (AU)


Aims: To determine the prevalence of international normalized ratio (INR) findings outside the normal range in hospital emergency department patients on vitamin K antagonists (VKAs). To identify factors associated with abnormal anticoagulant levels in these patients. Methods: Observational, cross-sectional, multicentric study in 4 hospital emergency departments. We included a convenience sample of patients on VKA treatment for whom INR levels were on record and who had sought emergency care for complications unrelated to anticoagulant treatment. Results: We included 376 patients with a mean (SD) age of 76.8 (10.1) years; 50.3% were women and 86.7% had atrial fibrillation. We found that 60.4% (95% CI, 55.3%-65.2%) had INRs outside the reference range. Multivariate analysis showed that changes in the patients' other long-term medications were independently associated with nontherapeutic INR results (odds ratio, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.02-2.79; P=.035). Conclusions: Over 60% of patients on VKA treatment who come to hospital emergency departments with complaints unrelated to anticoagulant therapy have INR values outside the normal range. Changes in a patient's usual medications are significantly associated with nontherapeutic INR findings (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Vitamina K/antagonistas & inibidores , Anticoagulantes/uso terapêutico , Fibrilação Atrial/tratamento farmacológico , Coeficiente Internacional Normatizado/estatística & dados numéricos , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Tratamento de Emergência/métodos , Conduta do Tratamento Medicamentoso
5.
Emergencias (St. Vicenç dels Horts) ; 29(1): 33-38, feb. 2017. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-160413

RESUMO

Objetivo: Conocer las características de la ventilación no invasiva (VNI) en los servicios de urgencias prehospitalarios y hospitalarios. Comparar los resultados obtenidos en función de la mortalidad hospitalaria. Método: Estudio de cohortes multicéntrico, analítico, prospectivo con inclusión consecutiva de pacientes en los que se realizó VNI durante febrero y marzo de 2015 en el ámbito prehospitalario por el Sistema d’Emergències Mèdiques (SEM) y en 8 servicios de urgencias (SU) hospitalarios de Cataluña. Se recogieron las características basales, del episodio agudo y de destino, y la variable dependiente fue la mortalidad hospitalaria por todas las causas. Resultados: Se recogieron 184 episodios de VNI, 25 episodios (13,6%) prehospitalarios y 159 (86,4%) hospitalarios. El escenario más frecuente para su uso fue la insuficiencia cardiaca aguda (ICA) (38,0%) seguido de la agudización de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) (34,2%). En la mayoría de casos la VNI se retira en los SU. La mortalidad fue del 7,5% y del 21,4% en urgencias prehospitalarias y hospitalarias, respectivamente. La mortalidad hospitalaria se relacionó con más presencia de limitación del tratamiento de soporte vital (LTSV). No hubo diferencias de mortalidad entre los diferentes escenarios clínicos. Conclusiones: La VNI en los SU prehospitalarios y hospitalarios sigue las recomendaciones de la evidencia científica actual y se realiza principalmente en la ICA y en la agudización de la EPOC. La mortalidad hospitalaria es elevada y se relaciona con la LTSV, que es muy frecuente (AU)


Objectives: To study how noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is used in prehospital emergency services and hospital emergency departments. To explore associations between NIV use and hospital mortality. Methods: Prospective analysis of a consecutive multicenter cohort of patients who were treated with NIV between February and March 2015. The study was undertaken in emergency medical services in Catalonia and 8 Catalan hospital emergency departments. We collected information during the acute episode and on discharge, as well as data describing the patients' condition when stable. The dependent variable was all-cause hospital mortality. Results: We studied 184 acute episodes requiring NIV, in the prehospital setting in 25 cases (13.6%) and in the hospital in 159 (86.4%). The most common scenario was acute heart failure (AHF) (38.0%). The second most common was chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (34.2%). In most cases, NIV was discontinued in the emergency department. Mortality was 7.5% during prehospital care and 21.4% in the hospital. Hospital mortality was associated with limiting the use of life support. We detected no significant differences in mortality between the groups of patients with AHF vs COPD. Conclusions: The use of NIV in prehospital and hospital emergency care follows current evidence-based recommendations and is required more often for AHF than for exacerbated COPD. Hospital mortality is high in this context and is associated with frequent limiting of life support (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Ventilação não Invasiva/estatística & dados numéricos , Insuficiência Respiratória/terapia , Insuficiência Cardíaca/terapia , Estudos de Coortes , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Tratamento de Emergência/métodos , Assistência Pré-Hospitalar/estatística & dados numéricos , Suporte Vital Cardíaco Avançado/estatística & dados numéricos
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