Understanding Violence against Women Irregular Migrants Who Arrive in Spain in Small Boats.

African irregular migrants risk their lives crossing the Mediterranean Sea in small boats hoping to reach Europe. Women irregular migrants (WIMs) are an especially vulnerable group that suffer from violence and sexual aggression, but little is known about their actual experiences. The objective of our study is to describe and understand the violence against WIMs who arrive in Spain in small boats. A qualitative study based on Gadamer's phenomenology was used. The data collection included twenty-six in-depth interviews with WIMs. Three main themes arose: "Poverty and discrimination push WIMs into migrating"; "WIMs as a paradigm of extreme vulnerability", and "WIMs in small boats should raise the alarm". WIMs who arrive to Europe in small boats have a history of violence, rape, prostitution, forced pregnancy, and human trafficking. Emergency care must include gynecological examinations and must make detecting sexual violence and human trafficking of WIMs part of their care protocols.

Accompanied child irregular migrants who arrive to Spain in small boats: Experiences and health needs.

The European Union is the preferred destination of child irregular migrants arrived from northern Africa, who risk their lives crossing the Mediterranean Sea in small boats. Accompanied Child Irregular Migrants (AChIMs) are exposed to physical and psychological risk. The objective of our study is to describe and understand the experiences and health needs of AChIMs who arrive to Spain in small boats, through the testimony of adults who accompany them on the journey. A qualitative study, based on Gadamer's hermeneutic phenomenology, was performed. After obtaining approval from the Ethics and Research Committee, we conducted in-depth interviews on 32 adults who travelled with AChIMs. Two main themes emerged: (1) The journey a child should never have to take, with the subthemes 'AChIMs as a paradigm of vulnerability' and 'Crossing the sea, playing with death' and (2) Characterising emergency care to AChIMs, with the subthemes 'Prioritising specific care', 'Identifying high-risk situations' and 'The detaining of innocent children'. AChIMs, along with adults, risk their lives in such a dangerous and perilous journey, therefore, finding out about their experiences may contribute to improving the treatment of their specific health needs during the phases of rescue and emergency care.

Emergency Care for Women Irregular Migrants Who Arrive in Spain by Small Boat: A Qualitative Study.

BACKGROUND: this study aimed to describe and understand the experiences and health needs of women irregular migrants during emergency care provision upon arrival in Spain by small boat. METHODS: a qualitative study based on Gadamer's phenomenology was used. The data collection included 13 in-depth interviews with women irregular migrants and 10 in-depth interviews with key informants. The study took place in the Spanish Red Cross' facilities between February 2017 and April 2018. RESULTS: two main themes emerged from the data analysis: the need for emergency care focused on women irregular migrants with the sub-themes 'Women irregular migrants as objects of sexual exploitation' and 'The mother-child dyad as the axis in human trafficking'; and developing an emergency care gender policy for women irregular migrants, with the subthemes 'Healthcare in a police-controlled setting: detecting weaknesses' and 'Promoting screening and safety protocols focused on women irregular migrants'. CONCLUSIONS: women irregular migrants who arrive in Spain by small boat have specific needs and healthcare problems. Due to strict safety conditions during emergency care provision, rape and human trafficking can go unnoticed. IMPLICATIONS: interdisciplinary care protocols and new health policies that have a gender perspective are needed to improve the emergency care provided to women irregular migrants.

Cultural Issues in the Provision of Emergency Care to Irregular Migrants Who Arrive in Spain by Small Boats.

INTRODUCTION: The European Union receives one third of the world's migrant population who cross the Mediterranean Sea in small boats and arrive illegally in Europe. Irregular migrants (IMs) are persons who do not have legal permission, documentation, or refugee status and are not authorized to enter or stay in a given country. More than half a million IMs arrive in the European Union by sea creating serious public health issues in Greece, Italy, and Spain, thereby needing emergency care. The purpose of this study was to describe and understand the experiences of IMs who arrive in Spain by small boats in terms of cultural issues surrounding the provision of emergency care. METHOD: A qualitative study based on Gadamer's phenomenology was used. Data were collected between 2015 and 2018 using 12 in-depth interviews of IMs. RESULTS: Three main themes arose: "IMs driven by a culture of emigration in countries of origin," "Facing risk in search of a better life," and "The need for cultural adaptation in emergency care." DISCUSSION: Biopsychosocial and cultural needs must be addressed when providing emergency care to IMs who arrive in Europe by small boat. IMPLICATIONS: Nurses can help adapt and restructure cultural practices in the emergency care provided to IMs.

Effects of web-based electrocardiography simulation on strategies and learning styles.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the association between the use of web simulation electrocardiography and the learning approaches, strategies and styles of nursing degree students. METHOD: A descriptive and correlational design with a one-group pretest-posttest measurement was used. The study sample included 246 students in a Basic and Advanced Cardiac Life Support nursing class of nursing degree. RESULTS: No significant differences between genders were found in any dimension of learning styles and approaches to learning. After the introduction of web simulation electrocardiography, significant differences were found in some item scores of learning styles: theorist (p < 0.040), pragmatic (p < 0.010) and approaches to learning. CONCLUSION: The use of a web electrocardiogram (ECG) simulation is associated with the development of active and reflexive learning styles, improving motivation and a deep approach in nursing students.

Effects of web-based electrocardiography simulation on strategies and learning styles / Efeitos da simulação etletrocardiográfica en ambiente web sobre as estratégias e estilos de aprendizagem / Efectos de la simulación electrocardiográfica en ambiente web acerca de las estrategias y estilos de aprendizaje

OBJECTIVETo identify the association between the use of web simulation electrocardiography and the learning approaches, strategies and styles of nursing degree students.METHODA descriptive and correlational design with a one-group pretest-posttest measurement was used. The study sample included 246 students in a Basic and Advanced Cardiac Life Support nursing class of nursing degree.RESULTSNo significant differences between genders were found in any dimension of learning styles and approaches to learning. After the introduction of web simulation electrocardiography, significant differences were found in some item scores of learning styles: theorist (p < 0.040), pragmatic (p < 0.010) and approaches to learning.CONCLUSIONThe use of a web electrocardiogram (ECG) simulation is associated with the development of active and reflexive learning styles, improving motivation and a deep approach in nursing students.

OBJETIVOIdentificar associações entre o uso da simulação eletrocardiográfica na internet e os estilos e estratégias de aprendizagem dos estudantes de graduação em enfermagem.MÉTODODesenho descritivo-correlacional com avaliação pré e pós-teste num único grupo. A amostra do estudo incluiu 246 estudantes que frequentavam a disciplina de Suporte Básico e Avançado de Vida.RESULTADOSNão foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre gêneros em qualquer das dimensões dos estilos e estratégias de aprendizagem. Após introdução da simulação eletrocardiográfica recorrendo à internet, encontraram-se diferenças estatisticamente significativas em algumas das pontuações dos itens dos estilos de aprendizagem teórico (p <0,040), pragmático (p <0,010) e das estratégias de aprendizagem.CONCLUSÃOO uso da simulação eletrocardiográfica em ambiente web está associado ao desenvolvimento de estilos de aprendizagem ativos e reflexivos, à melhoria da motivação e da abordagem profunda em estudantes de enfermagem.

OBJETIVOIdentificar asociaciones entre el uso de la simulación electrocardiográfica en la internet y los estilos y estrategias de aprendizaje de los estudiantes de graduación en enfermería.MÉTODODiseño descriptivo-correlacional con evaluación pré y post prueba en un solo grupo. La muestra del estudio incluyó a 246 estudiantes que acudían a la asignatura de Soporte Básico y Avanzado de Vida.RESULTADOSNo fueron encontradas diferencias significativas entre géneros en cualquiera de las dimensiones de los estilos y estrategias de aprendizaje. Después de la introducción de la simulación electrocardiográfica recurriendo a la web, fueron encontradas diferencias estadísticamente significativas en algunas de las puntuaciones de los ítems de los estilos de aprendizaje teórico (p <0,040), pragmático (p <0,010) y las estrategias de aprendizaje.CONCLUSIÓNEl uso de la simulación electrocardiográfica en ambiente web está asociado con el desarrollo de estilos de aprendizaje activos y reflexivos, la mejoría de la motivación y el abordaje profundo en estudiantes de enfermería.