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1.
Arch. prev. riesgos labor. (Ed. impr.) ; 17(3): 132-141, jul.-sept. 2014. graf, tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-125910

RESUMO

Objetivo: La población inmigrante presenta dificultades específicas para acceder a ella. Este estudio describe y evalúa la experiencia de re-contacto (muestra final) con trabajadores inmigrantes que participaron en una encuesta tres años antes (muestra inicial), compara ambas muestras y describe la muestra final. Métodos: En 2008 se realizó una encuesta presencial a 2.434 trabajadores inmigrantes (proyecto ITSAL I). 1.229 dejaron un número telefónico para ser re-contactados. En 2011 se los llamó para encuestarlos nuevamente (proyecto ITSAL II). Se calcularon indicadores de resultados de contacto (American Association Public Opinion Research). Se compararon las características sociodemográficas y laborales de los trabajadores de las muestras inicial y final. En la muestra final se compararon las distribuciones de variables sociodemográficas y laborales según país de origen. Se analizaron los cambios de situación legal, sector de actividad y ocupación en este intervalo. Resultados: La proporción de entrevistados que contestaron la segunda entrevista (tasa de respuesta) fue 29,5%. La muestra final (n=318) contó con mayor participación de ecuatorianos, mujeres, mayores de 45 años y con personas mayor nivel de estudios. Rumanos y marroquíes presentan mayor desempleo (45,1%, 40,0%). El 71,1% no cambió de sector de actividad y el 63,2% mejoró su situación legal. Conclusiones: La tasa de respuesta fue similar a la obtenida en otros estudios de estas características. El re-contacto fue más difícil en algunos grupos determinados por país de origen, edad, nivel de estudios y situación legal, para los que habría que buscar vías alternativas para su seguimiento (AU)


Objective: Immigrants are recognized as a hard-to-reach-population. This study describes and assesses a three-year follow-up experience (final sample) with immigrant workers who participated in a survey three years earlier (initial sample), compares both samples and describes the final sample. Methods: In 2008 a personal survey was carried out among 2434 immigrant workers (ITSAL I Project). Of these, 1229 had provided a telephone number allowing future re-contact. In 2011, they were contacted for participation in a second project (ITSAL II Project). Outcome response rates of the American Association for Public Opinion Research were calculated. Sociodemographic and labour characteristics of workers of the initial and final samples were compared. In the final sample, sociodemographic and labour distribution of variables were compared by country of origin. Legal status, economic sector and occupation changes during this time were analyzed. Results: The proportion of those interviewed who fully answered the second interview (response rate) was 29.5%. The final sample had higher participation of Ecuadorians, women, persons older than 45 years and those with the highest education level. Romanian and Moroccan participants had the highest unemployment (45.1%, 40.0%). Overall, 71.1%did not change economic sector, and 63.2% improved their legal situation. Conclusions: Our response rate is similar to those of similar studies. Re-contact was more difficult for some groups, depending on country of origin, age, education level and legal situation; for these, alternative means for follow up should be sought out (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos/métodos , Serviços de Saúde do Trabalhador/estatística & dados numéricos , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Telefone , Emigrantes e Imigrantes/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Longitudinais , Desemprego/estatística & dados numéricos
2.
Arch Prev Riesgos Labor ; 17(3): 132-41, 2014.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25022531

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Immigrants are recognized as a hard-to-reach-population. This study describes and assesses a three-year follow-up experience (final sample) with immigrant workers who participated in a survey three years earlier (initial sample), compares both samples and describes the final sample. METHODS: In 2008 a personal survey was carried out among 2434 immigrant workers (ITSAL I Project). Of these, 1229 had provided a telephone number allowing future recontact. In 2011, they were contacted for participation in a second project (ITSAL II Project). Outcome response rates of the American Association for Public Opinion Research were calculated. Sociodemographic and labour characteristics of workers of the initial and final samples were compared. In the final sample, sociodemographic and labour distribution of variables were compared by country of origin. Legal status, economic sector and occupation changes during this time were analyzed. RESULTS: The proportion of those interviewed who fully answered the second interview (response rate) was 29.5%. The final sample had higher participation of Ecuadorians, women, persons older than 45 years and those with the highest education level. Romanian and Moroccan participants had the highest unemployment (45.1%, 40.0%). Overall, 71.1% did not change economic sector, and 63.2% improved their legal situation. CONCLUSIONS: Our response rate is similar to those of similar studies. Re-contact was more difficult for some groups, depending on country of origin, age, education level and legal situation; for these, alternative means for followup should be sought out.


OBJETIVO: La población inmigrante presenta dificultades específicas para acceder a ella. Este estudio describe y evalúa la experiencia de re-contacto (muestra final) con trabajadores inmigrantes que participaron en una encuesta tres años antes (muestra inicial), compara ambas muestras y describe la muestra final. MÉTODOS: En 2008 se realizó una encuesta presencial a 2.434 trabajadores inmigrantes (proyecto ITSAL I). 1.229 dejaron un número telefónico para ser re-contactados. En 2011 se los llamó para encuestarlos nuevamente (proyecto ITSAL II). Se calcularon indicadores de resultados de contacto (American Association Public Opinion Research). Se compararon las características sociodemográficas y laborales de los trabajadores de las muestras inicial y final. En la muestra final se compararonlas distribuciones de variables sociodemográficas y laborales según país de origen. Se analizaron los cambios de situación legal, sector de actividad y ocupación en este intervalo. RESULTADOS: La proporción de entrevistados que contestaron la segunda entrevista (tasa de respuesta) fue 29,5%. La muestra final (n=318) contó con mayor participación de ecuatorianos, mujeres, mayores de 45 años y con personas mayor nivel de estudios. Rumanos y marroquíes presentan mayor desempleo (45,1%, 40,0%). El 71,1% no cambió de sector de actividad y el 63,2% mejoró su situación legal. CONCLUSIONES: La tasa de respuesta fue similar a la obtenida en otros estudios de estas características. El re-contacto fue más difícil en algunos grupos determinados por país de origen, edad, nivel de estudios y situación legal, para los que habría que buscar vías alternativas para su seguimiento.

3.
Gac. sanit. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 28(3): 234-237, mayo-jun. 2014. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-124562

RESUMO

Se describe una experiencia de transferencia de conocimiento entre investigadores del proyecto ITSAL (Inmigración, Trabajo y SALud) y representantes de asociaciones que trabajan con población inmigrante para discutir los resultados obtenidos en esta investigación y las líneas de futuro. Para ello se llevó a cabo una reunión en la que participaron tres investigadoras y 18 representantes de 11 instituciones. Tras una exposición de la metodología y los resultados del proyecto ITSAL, todos los asistentes comentaron los resultados presentados y líneas de investigación de interés. Se pusieron de manifiesto coincidencias entre ambas partes y también se obtuvieron propuestas de interés para el proyecto ITSAL. Entendemos el proceso descrito como una aproximación a la validación social de algunos resultados principales del proyecto. Esta experiencia nos ha permitido abrir un canal de comunicación con la población diana del estudio, en línea con la necesaria interacción de investigadores y población (AU)


This article describes the experience of knowledge translation between researchers of the ITSAL (immigration, work and health) project and representatives of organizations working with immigrants to discuss the results obtained in the project and future research lines. A meeting was held, attended by three researchers and 18 representatives from 11 institutions. Following a presentation of the methodology and results of the project, the participants discussed the results presented and research areas of interest, thus confirming matches between the two sides and obtaining proposals of interest for the ITSAL project. We understand the process described as an approach to social validation of some of the main results of this project. This experience has allowed us to open a channel of communication with the target population of the study, in line with the necessary two-way interaction between researchers and users (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Transferência de Experiência , Gestão do Conhecimento , Emigração e Imigração/tendências , Pesquisa Participativa Baseada na Comunidade/métodos , Trabalho/tendências , Participação da Comunidade , Comportamento Cooperativo , Redes Comunitárias/tendências
4.
Gac Sanit ; 28(3): 234-7, 2014.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24309520

RESUMO

This article describes the experience of knowledge translation between researchers of the ITSAL (immigration, work and health) project and representatives of organizations working with immigrants to discuss the results obtained in the project and future research lines. A meeting was held, attended by three researchers and 18 representatives from 11 institutions. Following a presentation of the methodology and results of the project, the participants discussed the results presented and research areas of interest, thus confirming matches between the two sides and obtaining proposals of interest for the ITSAL project. We understand the process described as an approach to social validation of some of the main results of this project. This experience has allowed us to open a channel of communication with the target population of the study, in line with the necessary two-way interaction between researchers and users.


Assuntos
Atenção à Saúde , Emigração e Imigração , Pesquisa Translacional Biomédica , Trabalho , Humanos , Pesquisa , Espanha
5.
Gac. sanit. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 23(supl.1): 115-121, dic. 2009. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-140909

RESUMO

Objetivo: Describir el proceso migratorio (razones para emigrar, tiempo de residencia), la situación legal y las características personales, laborales y de salud de los inmigrantes con experiencia de trabajo en España. Métodos: Estudio transversal sobre una muestra estratificada por país de origen (Colombia, Ecuador, Marruecos y Rumanía), situación legal y sexo. Entrevista a 2434 trabajadores (57,4% varones). Se analiza la información sobre el proceso migratorio, las condiciones laborales, la situación de salud y las expectativas de vida y trabajo. Comparación de frecuencias por país de origen. Resultados: El 90% eran <45 años, principalmente con formación secundaria (51%). La mayoría emigró por razones económicas y laborales, y un 63% tenían personas dependientes a su cargo. Ocupan puestos por debajo de su nivel formativo. Refieren problemas relacionados con la contratación, los salarios y la duración de la jornada laboral, con frecuencia superior a 40h semanales. Algunos refieren problemas de salud general (18%) y mental (27%), así como absentismo laboral por problemas de salud (48%) y lesiones por accidente de trabajo que requirieron asistencia médica (23%). El 51% piensa quedarse en España y para el 48% se han cumplido bastante o mucho las expectativas que tenían cuando vinieron. Conclusiones: Los trabajadores inmigrantes incluidos en el estudio se encuentran con una oferta laboral limitada y en condiciones de precariedad y vulnerabilidad social con variaciones según el país de origen. Las acciones políticas, económicas y de salud pública con un enfoque de equidad deben tener en cuenta las especiales necesidades de este colectivo (AU)


Objective: To describe the migratory process (reasons for migrating, time of residence), legal status and the personal, working and health characteristics of the immigrants with work experience in Spain. Methods: We performed a cross sectional survey in a sample stratified by country of origin (Colombia, Ecuador, Morocco and Romania), legal status and sex. Personal interviews were conducted with 2434 workers (57.4% men). Information on the migratory process, working conditions, health profile, and work and life expectations was analyzed. A frequency comparison by country of origin was carried out. Results: Ninety percent of the sample was aged<45 years and most had secondary education (51%). Most of the people surveyed had migrated for economic and working reasons and 63% had economic dependents. They were working in jobs that were below their educational level and reported problems concerning the type of contract, salaries, and the length of the working week, which was often more than 40 hours. The immigrants frequently reported general health problems (18%), mental health problems (27%), absence from work due to health problems (48%) and occupational injuries requiring medical care (23%). A 51% of them wanted to stay in Spain and 48% reported that their expectations of emigration to Spain had been met. Conclusions: The immigrant workers included in this study had limited opportunities for work and experienced precarious conditions and social vulnerability. The data varied by country of origin. The special needs of this collective should be taken into account to establish public health policies and strategies (AU)


Assuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , /estatística & dados numéricos , Emigrantes e Imigrantes/psicologia , Emigrantes e Imigrantes/estatística & dados numéricos , Emigração e Imigração/legislação & jurisprudência , Nível de Saúde , Local de Trabalho/estatística & dados numéricos , Absenteísmo , Estudos Transversais , Satisfação no Emprego , Saúde Mental , Motivação , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Espanha , População Urbana/estatística & dados numéricos
6.
Gac Sanit ; 23 Suppl 1: 115-21, 2009 Dec.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19880220

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To describe the migratory process (reasons for migrating, time of residence), legal status and the personal, working and health characteristics of the immigrants with work experience in Spain. METHODS: We performed a cross sectional survey in a sample stratified by country of origin (Colombia, Ecuador, Morocco and Romania), legal status and sex. Personal interviews were conducted with 2434 workers (57.4% men). Information on the migratory process, working conditions, health profile, and work and life expectations was analyzed. A frequency comparison by country of origin was carried out. RESULTS: Ninety percent of the sample was aged<45 years and most had secondary education (51%). Most of the people surveyed had migrated for economic and working reasons and 63% had economic dependents. They were working in jobs that were below their educational level and reported problems concerning the type of contract, salaries, and the length of the working week, which was often more than 40 hours. The immigrants frequently reported general health problems (18%), mental health problems (27%), absence from work due to health problems (48%) and occupational injuries requiring medical care (23%). A 51% of them wanted to stay in Spain and 48% reported that their expectations of emigration to Spain had been met. CONCLUSIONS: The immigrant workers included in this study had limited opportunities for work and experienced precarious conditions and social vulnerability. The data varied by country of origin. The special needs of this collective should be taken into account to establish public health policies and strategies.


Assuntos
Emigrantes e Imigrantes/estatística & dados numéricos , Emigração e Imigração , Nível de Saúde , Local de Trabalho/estatística & dados numéricos , Absenteísmo , Acidentes de Trabalho/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Emigrantes e Imigrantes/psicologia , Emigração e Imigração/legislação & jurisprudência , Feminino , Humanos , Satisfação no Emprego , Masculino , Saúde Mental , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Motivação , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Espanha , Inquéritos e Questionários , População Urbana/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto Jovem
7.
Rev. esp. salud pública ; 82(2): 179-187, mar.-abr. 2008. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-126547

RESUMO

Fundamento: Aunque el colectivo de personas inmigrantes en nuestro país se ha incrementado notablemente en los últimos años, poco se sabe de sus condiciones de trabajo y de los efectos de éstas en términos de lesiones por accidentes de trabajo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar, para el año 2005, la incidencia de lesiones mortales y no mortales de las personas extranjeras con las de las españolas por actividad económica y comunidad autónoma. Métodos: Los datos de lesiones por accidentes de trabajo (LAT) procedieron del Registro de Accidentes de Trabajo del Ministerio de Trabajo y Asuntos Sociales y los denominadores se obtuvieron de las estadísticas disponibles sobre afiliación a la Seguridad Social para el año 2005, seleccionándose en ambos casos los datos correspondientes a los afiliados al Régimen General de la seguridad social y al régimen de la Minería del Carbón. Se calculó la incidencia de lesiones mortales y no mortales por accidente de trabajo, así como el riesgo relativo (RR) y su intervalo de confianza al 95% (IC95%) para trabajadores extranjeros en comparación con los españoles por comunidad autónoma y actividad económica, tomando como referencia a los españoles. Resultados: El riesgo relativo de LAT en trabajadores extranjeros fue 1,34 (IC95% 1,11-1,62) para LAT mortales y 1,13 (IC95% 1,13-1,14) para LAT no mortales, registrándose importantes diferencias entre comunidades autónomas y sectores de actividad. Conclusiones: se confirma un mayor riesgo global de LAT entre los trabajadores extranjeros que puede ser mayor que el observado. Las diferencias de riesgo entre actividades económicas y comunidades autónomas requieren análisis más detallados. En comparación con los trabajadores españoles, el riesgo de LAT es más elevado para los extranjeros en las actividades industriales, mientras que resulta inferior en la construcción, el comercio y la hostelería. Por comunidades autónomas, Aragón y Cataluña muestran los riesgos más elevados para los trabajadores extranjeros (AU)


Background: While the immigrant collective in Spain has grown considerably in recent years, little is known about working conditions and their corresponding effects on occupational injury in this group. The objective of this study was to compare the incidences for both fatal and non-fatal injuries in foreign workers to that of Spanish workers in 2005, by autonomous community and economic activity. Methods: injury data came from the accident registry of the ministry of labor and social issues, and denominators were taken from available social security affiliation statistics from general and coal mining social security system. Incidence indices for fatal and non-fatal occupational injuries for foreign and spanish workers were calculated. In addition, relative risks and their 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated by autonomous community and economic activity, using spanish workers as the reference group. Results: Overall, relative risk for occupational injury in foreign workers in 2005 was superior to base risk for both fatal (1.34; 95%CI: 1.11-1.62) and non-fatal injury (1.13; 95%CI: 1.13-1.14), though there were important differences by autonomous community and activity sectors. Compared with Spanish workers, risk for occupational injury was higher for foreign workers in industrial activities, while it was lower in construction, commerce and restaurants and hotels. By autonomous community, Aragón and Catalonia showed the highest risks for foreign workers. Conclusions: A higher risk for occupational injury among foreign workers is confirmed, and may be higher than that observed. The differences in risk among economic activities and autonomous communities require more detailed analysis (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Espanha/epidemiologia , Mortalidade Ocupacional , Saúde Ocupacional/estatística & dados numéricos , Emigrantes e Imigrantes/estatística & dados numéricos , Previdência Social/estatística & dados numéricos , Previdência Social/normas
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