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1.
Int J STD AIDS ; 33(7): 652-659, 2022 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35487200

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Prior research has established some risk factors for an increased risk of severe disease and mortality from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the impact of HIV infection on SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and severity is a significant gap in the literature. In the same way, not many studies across the globe have analyzed the degree of vaccination willingness among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and considerations regarding prioritizing this population during vaccination plans, particularly in developing countries. METHODS: A descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted. Self-completed electronic surveys directed to PLWHA were performed via Twitter in February 2021, using accounts of HIV activists. RESULTS: 460 (87.1%) participants were willing to be vaccinated with any COVID-19 vaccine. The reasons for that were listed as 1) the belief that vaccination prevents both the COVID-19 infection (81.3%) as well as being a spreader (52.2%); 2) having a high occupational risk of becoming infected with COVID-19 (22%); and 3) the belief that they would be at high risk of death because of COVID-19 (21.3%). Only 56 (10.6%) participants expressed hesitancy toward vaccination, and 12 (2.2%) stated they did not want to get vaccinated. CONCLUSIONS: Our results may support the prioritization of people living with HIV during the implementation of vaccination plans in developing countries. New strategies should be adopted to overcome the hesitancy and unwillingness toward the COVID-19 vaccination, especially in populations with risk factors for severe disease.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Infecções por HIV , COVID-19/epidemiologia , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , Vacinas contra COVID-19 , Estudos Transversais , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Humanos , América Latina/epidemiologia , SARS-CoV-2 , Vacinação
2.
Cir. gen ; 33(3): 180-184, jul.-sept. 2011. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-706857

RESUMO

Objetivo: Demostrar que la aplicación de lidocaína simple al 2% en el tejido celular subcutáneo de heridas quirúrgicas limpias-contaminadas y contaminadas disminuye el riesgo de infección. Sede: Hospital General ''Xoco'', segundo nivel de atención. Diseño: Ensayo clínico aleatorizado simple no controlado. Análisis estadístico: Prueba exacta de Fisher y t de Student. Pacientes y métodos: Se realizó asignación aleatoria simple para aplicar, a un grupo de 11 pacientes, lidocaína simple al 2% (10 ml) en el tejido celular subcutáneo de la herida y en otro grupo de 11 pacientes la aplicación de solución salina al 0.9%, los 22 pacientes con heridas quirúrgicas limpias-contaminadas y contaminadas. Se revisaron las heridas quirúrgicas a los 7 días del postoperatorio, las variables fueron edad, género, presencia o no de infección de sitio operatorio superficial. Resultados: Se observó ausencia de infección en los 11 pacientes en los que se aplicó lidocaína simple al 2%, en comparación de los 3 pacientes, del grupo al que se le aplicó solución fisiológica al 0.9%, que presentaron infección de la herida quirúrgica, observando una diferencia estadísticamente significativa de P < 0.05 entre estos grupos de pacientes. Conclusión: Se observó una disminución estadísticamente significativa en la frecuencia de la infección de las heridas quirúrgicas limpias-contaminadas y contaminadas al aplicarles lidocaína simple al 2% con respecto a no aplicarla.


Objective: To demonstrate that the application of 2% lidocaine on the subcutaneous tissue of surgical clean-contaminated and contaminated wounds diminishes the infection risk. Setting: Hospital General ''Xoco'', second level health care hospital. Design: Non-controlled, simple, randomized clinical assay. Statistical analysis: Fisher's exact test, and Student's t test. Patients and methods: A simple randomized assignation was used for two groups of patients. One group of 11 patients was applied 10 ml of 2% lidocaine on the subcutaneous tissue of the wound, and the other group of 11 patients received 0.9% saline solution; all 22 patients had clean-contaminated and contaminated surgical wounds. Surgical wounds were checked 7 days after surgery, and the studied variables were age, gender, presence or not of infection on the superficial surgical site. Results: No infection was observed in the 11 patients in whom 2% lidocain had been applied, whereas 3 patients from the 0.9% saline solution group presented infection of the surgical wound, with a statistically significant difference of P < 0.05 between both groups. Conclusion: A statistically significant diminution was observed in the frequency of infection at the surgical clean-contaminated and contaminated wounds when applying 2% lidocaine, as compared to not applying it.

3.
Interciencia ; 31(6): 451-455, jun. 2006. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-461398

RESUMO

En los bosques localizados en el oeste y suroeste de la Ciudad de México se ha observado una declinación del oyamel Abies religiosa (H.B.K.) Schl. et Cham. durante los últimos 25 años. La caracterización de este fenómeno desde diferentes puntos de vista es importante si se pretende incrementar el conocimiento sobre el problema y proponer soluciones viables. Por esta razón se estudiaron los cambios en los patrones de distribución de biomasa en plántulas de 7 años de edad, como resultado de la declinación. Se estableció un experimento completamente al azar con tres niveles de daño como tratamientos: ligero, intermedio y severo, y ocho repeticiones por tratamiento. La biomasa de los componentes de las plántulas se redujo significativamente a medida que se incrementó el daño. La raíz fue el componente más afectado, seguido de las ramillas. Sin embargo, estas últimas acumularon biomasa con el tiempo, produciendo un desbalance entre la biomasa aérea y subterránea. Aun cuando este desbalance se compensa por la caída de follaje, trae como consecuencia una reducción de la cantidad de carbono fijado


Assuntos
Abies , Biomassa , Árvores , Ecologia , Venezuela
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