Assuntos
Educação em Saúde , Indígenas Norte-Americanos/educação , Estilo de Vida , Prevenção do Suicídio , Adolescente , Características Culturais , Currículo , Feminino , Humanos , Indígenas Norte-Americanos/psicologia , Masculino , New Mexico , Avaliação de Processos e Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Suicídio/etnologia , Suicídio/psicologiaRESUMO
Suicide behavior is a significant problem for many American Indian populations, often more so than in the general population, but little tribal-specific data available. In this study, baseline data on the correlates of suicide ideation and the social and psychological differences between suicide attempters and nonattempters were collected on a sample of 84 Zuni adolescents. Results show significant correlations between a measure of suicide ideation and past suicide attempt behavior, drug use, depression, hopelessness, stress, psychological symptomatology, social support, liking for school, and interpersonal communication. Significant differences between the 30% of the students who reported having previously attempted suicide and the nonattempters were also found on these measures. Areas for education and prevention efforts are suggested.
Assuntos
Transtorno Depressivo/psicologia , Indígenas Norte-Americanos/psicologia , Tentativa de Suicídio/psicologia , Adolescente , Cultura , Transtorno Depressivo/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Acontecimentos que Mudam a Vida , Masculino , Fatores de Risco , Ajustamento Social , Problemas Sociais , Estudantes , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/psicologia , Tentativa de Suicídio/etnologia , Tentativa de Suicídio/estatística & dados numéricos , Estados Unidos/epidemiologiaRESUMO
A description of cultural considerations associated with American Indian adolescent coping is presented within a transactional, cognitive-phenomenological framework. Select cultural values and cultural beliefs of American Indians associated with death are discussed in terms of person variables and situational demand characteristics that interplay in the transactional coping process. Three situational demand characteristics (ambiguity of identity, frequency of loss, and pervasiveness of hardships) are then presented to illustrate the reciprocal relationship between environmental contingencies and American Indian individual and community efforts at coping. The dynamic interdependence between person and environmental variables is emphasized and considered essential for inclusion in the design of interventions to prevent suicide. Existing intervention efforts with American Indian adolescent suicide attempters are reviewed and a school-wide cognitive behavioural approach based on the transactional model of coping with suicide is described. It is suggested that on-going cognitive restructuring, social skills training, and peer counselling training activities be culturally adapted and integrated into relevant areas of the school curricula in order that coping be enhanced and suicide ameliorated.
