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1.
PLoS One ; 18(8): e0288824, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37611019

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Heart failure is the leading cause of hospital stays, medical expenses, and fatalities, and it is a severe problem for worldwide public health. Successful heart failure therapy requires a high level of self-care as well as devotion to different elements of the treatment plan. Despite the positive effects of heart failure self-care on health outcomes, many heart failure patients engage in insufficient self-care behaviors. Additionally, conflicting information has been found regarding the prevalence and predictors of self-care behaviors in Ethiopia. As a result, this review's objective is to provide an overview of the most recent studies on Ethiopian heart failure patients' self-care practices. METHODS: We have used four databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and Google Scholar. Eventually, the final systematic review and meta-analysis contained eleven papers that matched the eligibility requirements. A systematic data extraction check list was used to extract the data, and STATA version 14 was used for the analysis. Heterogeneity was evaluated using the I2 tests and the Cochrane Q test statistic. To examine publication bias, a funnel plot, Egger's weighted regression, and Begg's test were utilized. RESULT: The pooled magnitude of adherence to self-care was 35.25% (95%CI: 27.36-43.14). The predictors of good adherence to self-care behavior includes heart failure knowledge (odds ratio = 5.26; 95% CI, 3.20-8.65), absence of depressive symptoms (odds ratio = 3.20;95% CI,1.18-8.70), higher level of education (AOR = 3.09;95%CI,1.45-6.61), advanced New York Heart Association (NYHA) class (odds ratio = 2.66; 95% CI, 1.39-5.07), absence of comorbidity(odds ratio = 2.92; 95% CI,1.69-5.06) and duration of heart failure symptoms(odds ratio = 0.37; 95% CI, 0.24-0.58). CONCLUSION: The extent of self-care behavior adherence is shown to be low among heart failure patients. This study showed a positive relationship between self-care behavior and factors such as proper understanding of heart failure, the absence of co-morbidity, depression, higher levels of education, a longer duration of heart failure symptoms, and advanced classes of heart failure disease. Therefore, a continuous health education should be given for patients to enhance their understanding of heart failure. Besides, special attention should be given for patients having co-morbidity and depressive symptom.


Assuntos
Cardiopatias , Insuficiência Cardíaca , Terapia Ocupacional , Humanos , Etiópia/epidemiologia , Autocuidado , Insuficiência Cardíaca/epidemiologia , Insuficiência Cardíaca/terapia , Antiarrítmicos , Cardiotônicos , Diuréticos
2.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34336132

RESUMO

Coronavirus is a respiratory disease that spreads globally. The severity and mortality risk of the disease is significant in the elderly, peoples having co-morbidities, and immunosuppressive patients. The outbreak of the pandemic created significant barriers to diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of chronic diseases. Delivering regular and routine comprehensive care for chronic patients was disrupted due to closures of healthcare facilities, lack of public transportation or reductions in services. The purpose of this narrative review was to update how patients with chronic care were affected during the pandemic, healthcare utilization services and available opportunities for better chronic disease management during the pandemic in resources limited settings. Moreover, this review may call to the attention of concerned bodies to make decisions and take measures in the spirit of improving the burden of chronic diseases by forwarding necessary recommendations for possible change and to scale up current intervention programs.

3.
Risk Manag Healthc Policy ; 14: 1165-1173, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33762859

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Willingness to work in disasters is context-specific and corresponds to the nature, magnitude, and threats posed by a particular public health emergency. None us is certain that our health professionals will continue to provide service should the COVID-19 pandemic crisis climb to its worst level. It was with this uncertainty in mind that this study was done to assess predictors of the unwillingness of health-care workers (HCWs) to continue providing their professional services during the climax of the COVID-19 crisis. METHODS: This was a facility-based descriptive cross-sectional study undertaken among 633 HCWsin western Ethiopia. RESULTS: Overall, 205 (32.4%) providers said that they would be unwilling to continue work if COVID-19 peaked. Of these, 176 (27.9%) respondents reported that they would stop going in to work before they were at greatest risk. Statistical analysis performed to predict HCWs unwillingness' to continue work at peak COVID-19 showed male sex (AOR 11.4, 95% CI 8.32-12.6), younger age (AOR 25.3, 95% CI 4.61-40.67), lack of experience in handling similar pandemics (AOR 5.15, 95% CI 1.1-255), and low perceived level of hospital preparedness (AOR 2.05, 95% CI 0.80-5.21) were predictors of unwillingness. In accordance with the extended parallel-process model, higher threat perception (P≤0.001) and low efficacy perception (P≤0.040) were associated with unwillingness of the HCWs to continue working. CONCLUSION: The proportion of HCWs unwilling to continue their job during COVID-19 is sufficient to affect efforts tof fight the pandemic. As the question of whether our HCWs must risk themselves to treat COVID-19 patients does not have a uniform answer, working on predictors of potential unwillingness is of paramount importance.

4.
Ann Med Surg (Lond) ; 60: 531-541, 2020 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33299558

RESUMO

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global public health problem. Hence, the study aimed to assess the impact of human immune virus (HIV) status and predictors of successful treatment outcomes of TB patients enrolled at Nekemte specialized hospital. An institution-based retrospective cohort study was conducted and the data analyzed using SPSS version 24.0. A multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to identify the association between treatment outcome and potential predictor variables. The association was calculated using the Adjusted Odds ratio (AOR) and the statistical significance was considered at p < 0.05. Out of the total 506 study participants, 50.2% of them were males. The overall treatment success rate was 81.4% and 58.06% among HIV co-infected TB patients. Female sex (AOR = 2.01, 95%CI: 1.04-16.11), age 25-34 years (AOR = 3.982, 95%CI: 1.445-10.971), age 35-49 years (AOR = 5.392, 95%CI: 1.674-17.368), high school educational level (AOR = 5.330, 95% CI: 1.753-16.209), urban residence (AOR = 3.093, 95%CI: 1.003-9.541) and HIV negative (AOR = 10.3, 95%CI, 3.216-32.968) were positively associated with favorable TB treatment outcome. Whereas, being single (AOR = 0.293, 95%CI: 0.1-0.854), smear-negative pulmonary TB (AOR = 0.360, 95%CI: 0.156-0.834), extra-pulmonary TB (AOR = 0.839, 95%CI: 0.560-0.955) and retreatment case (AOR: 0.54, 95%CI: 0.004-0.098) were negatively associated with successful treatment outcome. The treatment success rate of TB patients was lower than World Health Organization target set of 85%. The increased unsuccessful outcome among TB/HIV patients requires urgent public health interventions to improve the evaluation policy and control framework.

5.
BMC Res Notes ; 12(1): 212, 2019 Apr 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30961663

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To assess the self-care practices and associated factors among diabetic patients in West Ethiopia. RESULTS: A total of 252 study participants were included in the study, of this 54.8% were male. Of the participants more than half 150 (59.5%) had poor glycemic control and 153 (60.7%) of the participants had good self-care. Majority of the study participants 209 (82.9%) had adequate foot care and more than half 175 (69.4%) and 160 (63.5%) had adequate dietary plan and exercise management respectively. However of the total diabetic patients only 38 (15.1%) had adequate blood glucose testing practices. On multivariable logistic analysis poor self-care practices were more likely to occur among male patients (AOR = 5.551, 95% CI = 2.055-14.997, p = 0.001), patients living in rural area (AOR = 5.517, 95% CI = 2.184-13.938, p < 0.001), patients with duration of diabetes < 6 years (AOR = 41.023, 95% CI = 7.373-228.257, p < 0.001), patients with no access for self-monitoring blood glucose (AOR = 9.448, 95% CI = 2.198-40.617, p = 0.003), patients with poor knowledge about diabetes (AOR = 67.917, 95% CI = 8.212-561.686, p < 0.001) and patients with comorbidities (AOR = 18.621, 95% CI = 4.415-78.540, p < 0.001).


Assuntos
Automonitorização da Glicemia/estatística & dados numéricos , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/diagnóstico , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Hiperglicemia/diagnóstico , Hipoglicemiantes/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Idoso , Glicemia/metabolismo , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estudos Transversais , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangue , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamento farmacológico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/fisiopatologia , Etiópia , Feminino , Educação em Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Hiperglicemia/sangue , Hiperglicemia/tratamento farmacológico , Hiperglicemia/fisiopatologia , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Adesão à Medicação/estatística & dados numéricos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores Sexuais , Inquéritos e Questionários
6.
BMC Res Notes ; 12(1): 86, 2019 Feb 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30764868

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Hypertension is a major risk factor and precursor of myocardial infarction, chronic kidney disease, heart failure and premature death. These vascular events increased costs of hypertension management. Self-care Practices were recommended to control blood pressure among hypertensive patients. Therefore, the objective of this study is to assess predictors of self-care practices among hypertensive patients at Jimma University Specialized Hospital. RESULTS: A 341-hypertensive patients participated in the study. The mean age of the participants was 54.35 ± 12.48 years with range of 26 to 89 years. One hundred seventy-seven (51.9%) respondents were males and male to female ratio is 1.08. About 61.9% of respondents were adherent to medication usage and 30.5%, 44.9%, 88.3%, 93.5% and 56.9% of respondents were adherent to low salt diet, physical activity, non-alcohol drinking, nonsmoking and weight management respectively. Normal weight (AOR = 1.822, 95% CI 1.073-3.093) was independent predictor of medication usage whereas good self-efficacy (AOR = 2.584, 95% CI 1.477-4.521) and being female (AOR = 0.517, 95% CI 0.301-0.887) were independent predictor of low salt diet and physical activity respectively. Also being female (AOR = 3.626, 95% CI 1.211-10.851) was independent predictors of non-smoking.


Assuntos
Anti-Hipertensivos/uso terapêutico , Dieta Hipossódica/estatística & dados numéricos , Exercício Físico , Hipertensão/terapia , Cooperação do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Autocuidado/estatística & dados numéricos , Autoeficácia , Autogestão/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos Transversais , Etiópia , Feminino , Hospitais Universitários/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Hipertensão/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Fatores Sexuais
7.
Open Respir Med J ; 13: 58-64, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32175031

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health concern in the developing world. World Health Organization's (WHO's) list of 30 high TB burden countries accounted for 87% of the world's cases. The annual infection rate in developing countries reached 2% or more; where as in developed countries this figure is 0.5%. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to assess treatment outcomes of tuberculosis retreatment case and its determinants at Nekemte Referral Hospital (NRH), West Ethiopia. METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted. All registered adult TB patients under retreatment regimen who were treated at NRH TB clinics from January 2014 to December 2017 were included in this study. A multiple logistic regression was used to assess the significance and strength of association. A P-value <0.05 was used as statistically significant. RESULTS: The prevalence of retreatment case was 12.12%. Of 219 study participants 159(72.6%) were patients with relapse, 43(19.6%) were with retreatment after failure and 17(7.8%) were patients who return after loss to follow-up. On multivariable logistic analysis poor treatment outcome was more likely to occur among patients with positive Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) result at 5th month (Adjusted odds ratio (AOR =4.3, 95%, (1.8-10.0) p=0.001) and patients taking category 1 (2ERHZ/4RH) drugs (AOR=2.1, 95% CI= (1.1-4.5) p=0.048). CONCLUSION: This study showed that treatment outcomes of TB retreatment case were below standard set by the WHO. Factors that were significantly associated with poor treatment outcome were positive AFB resulting at 5th month and patients on category 1(2ERHZ/4RH).

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