[Traumatic cord and nerve root injuries: imaging features at the acute and chronic phases]. / La moelle et les racines traumatiques: imagerie dans la prise en charge aiguë et chronique.

Cord injuries are frequent and severe lesions resulting in significant disability, most frequently in younger subjects. The area of cord injured results in clinical syndromes (Brown-Sequard, motor and/or sensory deficit...). Cord and rootlet injuries are best depicted on MRI. Diffusion tensor imaging with tractography enables depiction of the most severe cord lesions and some prediction of tissue viability which may provide an idea of the potential functional prognosis and patient recovery. MRI is optimal to demonstrate areas of cord hemorrhage or compression, partial or complete cord transsection, nerve root avulsion...

[Imaging of plexopathy]. / Intérêt de l'imagerie dans le diagnostic des plexopathies.

Recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology has improved vizualization of the peripheral nerve system, enabling further explorations of plexopathy beyond the physical examination and electrodiagnostic studies. High-resolution MRI is a method of choice, showing diffuse or focal enlargement, hyperintensity on T2-weighted images, altered fascicular patterns, enhancement after gadolinium injection or masses causing infiltration or compression, and signs of muscle denervation. Other techniques are complementary. Ultrasonography can depict a spectrum of lesions and can be coupled with dynamic manoeuvres to explore entrapment syndromes. Positron emission tomography (PET) can be helpful to differentiate between tumor recurrence and postradiation plexopathy. In posttraumatic brachial plexopathy, postmyelographic tomography and MRI are complementary. Traumatic injury, tumor formation, entrapment syndrome, and other conditions illustrate the different techniques available for imaging. Adequate imaging of the brachial and lombosacral plexuses is a useful aid for diagnosis, preoperative assessment and therapeutic planning and follow-up.