RESUMO
Our objective is to assess the characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in adult patients and to establish differences with influenza viruses. Fifty-four patients diagnosed with RSV and 198 with influenza were prospectively included. Compared with influenza, empirical antimicrobial therapy was more frequent in patients diagnosed with RSV, whereas antibiotic withdrawal at the time of diagnosis confirmation was lower (OR, 0.12; CI, 95% 0.01-0.90; P = 0.040). RSV-positive patients were more likely to need hospital readmission (OR, 3.00; CI, 95% 0.98-9.09; P = 0.053). The role of RSV infection in adults is often overlooked, leading to inappropriate use of antibiotics and a probable increase in nosocomial RSV transmission.
Assuntos
Infecções por Vírus Respiratório Sincicial/epidemiologia , Infecções por Vírus Respiratório Sincicial/virologia , Estações do Ano , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Feminino , Humanos , Influenza Humana/epidemiologia , Influenza Humana/virologia , Masculino , Prevalência , Estudos Prospectivos , Vigilância em Saúde Pública , Infecções por Vírus Respiratório Sincicial/diagnóstico , Vírus Sincicial Respiratório HumanoRESUMO
Introducción y objetivo: Nuestro objetivo es analizar la incidencia de tuberculosis (TB) en nuestra población y comparar las características de los pacientes con y sin infección por VIH (I-VIH). Pacientes y métodos: Estudio clínico-epidemiológico de cohortes retrospectivo. Se incluyeron pacientes diagnosticados de TB con y sin I-VIH entre los años 2005-2016 en la provincia de Guadalajara (España). Se analizaron variables epidemiológicas, clínicas, microbiológicas y terapéuticas, incluyendo las resistencias microbiológicas. Resultados: Se realizaron 261 diagnósticos de TB. Hubo 25 pacientes (9,6%) que presentaban I-VIH, los cuales eran predominantemente varones, tenían una mayor incidencia de virus de la hepatitis C, mayor porcentaje de afectación extrapulmonar, una mayor prevalencia de resistencia a la isoniacida y a la rifampicina así como una mayor respuesta paradójica y estancia media más prolongada. Por otra parte, presentaron menor porcentaje de prueba de tuberculina positiva y de baciloscopias en esputo positivas. Un porcentaje significativo de pacientes con TB no tenían realizada una serología para VIH. Conclusión: Los pacientes con I-VIH muestran notables diferencias en variables epidemiológicas, clínicas y de resistencia a los fármacos antituberculosos. En un porcentaje elevado de pacientes con TB se desconoce su serología para VIH
Background and objective: Our objective is to analyze the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in our population and to compare the characteristics of patients with and without HIV infection. Patients and methods: Clinical-epidemiological retrospective cohort study that included patients diagnosed with TB with and without HIV infection between 2005-2016 in the province of Guadalajara (Spain). Epidemiological, clinical, microbiological and therapeutic variables were assessed, including microbiological resistances. Results: TB was diagnosed in 261 patients. There were 25 patients (9.6%) who had HIV infection. Patients with HIV infection were predominantly males, had higher incidence of hepatitis C virus, a higher percentage of extrapulmonary TB, a higher prevalence of resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin, a greater paradoxical response and a longer average hospital stay. On the other hand, they had a lower percentage of positive tuberculin skin test and positive sputum smear (microscopy). A significant percentage of TB patients had no serology for HIV. Conclusion: Patients with HIV infection show remarkable differences in epidemiological, clinical and resistance variables to antituberculosis drugs. A high percentage of patients with TB were not tested for HIV
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tuberculose/epidemiologia , Tuberculose/microbiologia , Infecções por HIV/complicações , Tuberculose/tratamento farmacológico , Estudos de Coortes , Estudos Retrospectivos , Espanha/epidemiologia , Antituberculosos , Tuberculose Resistente a Múltiplos MedicamentosRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Our objective is to analyze the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in our population and to compare the characteristics of patients with and without HIV infection. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Clinical-epidemiological retrospective cohort study that included patients diagnosed with TB with and without HIV infection between 2005-2016 in the province of Guadalajara (Spain). Epidemiological, clinical, microbiological and therapeutic variables were assessed, including microbiological resistances. RESULTS: TB was diagnosed in 261 patients. There were 25 patients (9.6%) who had HIV infection. Patients with HIV infection were predominantly males, had higher incidence of hepatitis C virus, a higher percentage of extrapulmonary TB, a higher prevalence of resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin, a greater paradoxical response and a longer average hospital stay. On the other hand, they had a lower percentage of positive tuberculin skin test and positive sputum smear (microscopy). A significant percentage of TB patients had no serology for HIV. CONCLUSION: Patients with HIV infection show remarkable differences in epidemiological, clinical and resistance variables to antituberculosis drugs. A high percentage of patients with TB were not tested for HIV.
