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1.
J Res Adolesc ; 2024 Jul 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39004803

RESUMO

Adolescence is a life stage beset by a growing desire for privacy. This study evaluated adolescents' experiences across four types of potentially privacy-invasive behaviors (PPIVBs) and within four different types of relationships. 158 adolescents (Mage = 16.9 years, SD = 1.0; 53.5% female) reported on the frequency of the PPIVBs, perceived control over the behaviors, secret/private information threatened by the behaviors, and feelings of privacy invasion produced by the behaviors. Privacy experiences were more similar across relationships than across types of behavior. Stronger feelings of privacy invasion were reported for PPIVBs involving electronics and information, for behaviors by family members, when behaviors occurred infrequently, when adolescents perceived greater control over whether the behaviors occurred, and when behaviors threated secret/private information.

2.
J Fam Psychol ; 38(4): 654-662, 2024 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38635175

RESUMO

The present study investigated matches and mismatches between adolescent and parent socialization domains (i.e., protection, guidance) as related to adolescent reception of parental support during a laboratory-based social evaluation challenge. Participants were 80 early adolescents (Mage = 12.36 years, SD = 1.33, 55% males, 55% Black, 42.5% White, and 2.5% other races or ethnicities) and one parent or guardian per adolescent. Observational measures of parent socialization domains assessed sensitivity to adolescents' thoughts and feelings (protection domain) and prosocial behavioral advice (guidance domain). Measures of parallel adolescent socialization domains included self-reported discomfort during a social evaluation challenge (protection domain) and desire to continue the social evaluation challenge (guidance domain). Adolescent reception of parental support was assessed using an observational measure of adolescent attentiveness and responsiveness to the parent during a parent-adolescent discussion about how to approach the social evaluation challenge. Analyses of interactions between measures of parent and adolescent socialization domains revealed: (a) higher levels of adolescent-reported discomfort during the social evaluation challenge interfered with their reception of parental prosocial behavioral advice but did not enhance their reception of parental sensitivity, and (b) higher levels of adolescent-reported desire to continue the social evaluation challenge interfered with their reception of parental sensitivity but did not enhance their reception of parental prosocial behavioral advice. This study advances socialization research by identifying conditions under which adolescents are more and less receptive to supportive communication from parents. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).


Assuntos
Comportamento do Adolescente , Relações Pais-Filho , Humanos , Adolescente , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Comportamento do Adolescente/psicologia , Socialização , Pais/psicologia , Apoio Social , Comportamento Social
3.
J Consult Clin Psychol ; 92(1): 26-43, 2024 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37768632

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The study examined the effects of therapeutic alliance (TA; relational bond, task collaboration) on externalizing behavior outcomes, how TA can operate differently when children are seen in individual versus group sessions, and how therapist-child disagreement in perceptions of TA affects outcomes. METHOD: Three hundred sixty children (Ages 9.2-11.8; 65% male; 78.1% Black) identified as having high rates of aggressive behavior by the fourth-grade teachers, and their 20 elementary schools were randomized to group versus individual delivery of the cognitive behavioral intervention, Coping Power. TA ratings were collected from children and therapists at mid and end of intervention using the Therapeutic Alliance Scale for Children. Teacher ratings of children's externalizing and internalizing behavior problems were collected prior to intervention and at 1-year follow-up after intervention using the Behavior Assessment System for Children. RESULTS: Children receiving the intervention individually reported significantly higher trait-like levels of task collaboration than did children seen in groups. Independent of intervention format, higher trait-like levels of therapist-rated bond and task collaboration predicted reduced levels of externalizing problems, and higher trait-like levels of child- and therapist-rated task-collaboration and therapist-rated bond predicted reduced levels of internalizing problems. Differences between therapist and child reports of bond predicted weaker reductions in internalizing behavior for children seen in groups. CONCLUSIONS: It is essential to train therapists to develop and assess for TA by midintervention with children with aggressive behavior problems, especially if they are seen in small groups, and to determine if therapists may misperceive the strength of TA. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).


Assuntos
Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental , Comportamento Problema , Aliança Terapêutica , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Comportamento Problema/psicologia , Agressão/psicologia , Capacidades de Enfrentamento
5.
Dev Psychol ; 56(5): 970-977, 2020 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32271076

RESUMO

Researchers are often inclined to test agreement or discrepancy hypotheses using difference scores. This commentary explains 2 mathematical-statistical principles underlying associations with difference scores and 2 conceptual-interpretation problems that make difference scores inappropriate for testing such hypotheses. The commentary provides examples of valid and invalid interpretations of difference score associations in reference to equivalent models. The commentary recommends testing agreement hypotheses using interaction terms and explains how to do so. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).


Assuntos
Modelos Teóricos , Psicometria , Humanos
6.
Am J Orthopsychiatry ; 89(4): 508-517, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29355362

RESUMO

Adolescents attending alternative high schools often present with high rates of academic and behavior problems. They are also at increased risk of poor health behaviors and engaging in physical violence compared with students in traditional high school settings. To address the needs of students in these educational settings, examining factors that influence academic problems in this population is essential. Research has established that both bullying/victimization and sleep problems increase adolescents' risk for academic problems. Little is known about how these 2 factors together may exacerbate risk for academic problems among students attending an alternative high school. The current study investigated the interaction between teacher-reported bullying, victimization and daytime sleepiness on academic concerns (attention and learning problems) among a sample of 172 students (56% female; age M = 18.07 years, SD = 1.42) attending an alternative high school in a large, Southeastern U.S. city. Findings from path models indicated that daytime sleepiness, bullying, and victimization were uniquely associated with attention and learning problems. Further, significant interactions indicated that the association between victimization/bullying and attention/learning problems weakened as levels of daytime sleepiness increased. Results suggest the importance of assessing and addressing multiple contextual risk factors in adolescents attending alternative high schools to provide comprehensive intervention for students in these settings. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).


Assuntos
Sucesso Acadêmico , Bullying/estatística & dados numéricos , Vítimas de Crime/estatística & dados numéricos , Comportamento Problema/psicologia , Sonolência , Estudantes/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Instituições Acadêmicas , Sudeste dos Estados Unidos , Inquéritos e Questionários
7.
J Adolesc ; 63: 75-84, 2018 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29275081

RESUMO

This study focused on adolescents' negative reactions to parental monitoring to determine whether parents should avoid excessive monitoring because adolescents find monitoring behaviors to be over-controlling and privacy invasive. Adolescents (n = 242, M age = 15.4 years; 51% female) reported monitoring, negative reactions, warmth, antisocial behavior, depressive symptoms, and disclosure. Adolescents additionally reported antisocial behavior, depressive symptoms, and disclosure one to two years later. In cross-sectional analyses, less monitoring but more negative reactions were linked with less disclosure, suggesting that negative reactions can undermine parents' ability to obtain information. Although monitoring behaviors were not related to depressive symptoms, more negative reactions were linked with more depressive symptoms, suggesting that negative reactions also may increase depressive symptoms as a side effect of monitoring behavior. Negative reactions were not linked to antisocial behavior. There were no longitudinal links between negative reactions and changes in disclosure, antisocial behavior, or depressive symptoms.


Assuntos
Comportamento do Adolescente/psicologia , Relações Pais-Filho , Poder Familiar/psicologia , Adolescente , Estudos Transversais , Depressão/psicologia , Revelação , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Privacidade/psicologia
8.
J Autism Dev Disord ; 47(4): 992-1005, 2017 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28083777

RESUMO

Stress and anxiety have a negative impact on working memory systems by competing for executive resources and attention. Broad memory deficits, anxiety, and elevated stress have been reported in individuals with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS). We investigated anxiety and physiological stress reactivity in relation to visuospatial working memory impairments in 20 children with 22q11.2DS and 32 typically developing (TD) children ages 7 to 16. Children with 22q11.2DS demonstrated poorer working memory, reduced post-stress respiratory sinus arrhythmia recovery, and overall increased levels of cortisol in comparison to TD children. Anxiety, but not physiological stress responsivity, mediated the relationship between 22q11.2DS diagnosis and visuospatial working memory impairment. Findings indicate that anxiety exacerbates impaired working memory in children with 22q11.2DS.


Assuntos
Ansiedade/psicologia , Síndrome de DiGeorge/fisiopatologia , Síndrome de DiGeorge/psicologia , Transtornos da Memória/psicologia , Estresse Fisiológico/fisiologia , Adolescente , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Hidrocortisona/análise , Masculino , Transtornos da Memória/fisiopatologia , Memória de Curto Prazo/fisiologia , Arritmia Sinusal Respiratória/fisiologia
9.
Psychophysiology ; 54(1): 114-122, 2017 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28000251

RESUMO

There is growing interest in psychophysiological and neural correlates of psychopathology, personality, and other individual differences. Many studies correlate a criterion individual difference variable (e.g., anxiety) with a psychophysiological measurement derived by subtracting scores taken from two within-subject conditions. These subtraction-based difference scores are intended to increase specificity by isolating variability of interest. Using data on the error-related negativity (ERN) and correct response negativity (CRN) in relation to generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), we highlight several conceptual and practical issues with subtraction-based difference scores and propose alternative approaches based on regression. We show that ERN and CRN are highly correlated, and that the ΔERN (i.e., ERN - CRN) is correlated in opposite directions both with ERN and CRN. Bivariate analyses indicate that GAD is related to ΔERN and ERN, but not CRN. We first show that, by using residualized scores, GAD relates both to a larger ERN and smaller CRN. Moreover, by probing the interaction of ERN and CRN, we show that the relationship between GAD and ERN varies by CRN. These latter findings are not evident when using traditional subtraction-based difference scores. We then completed follow-up analyses that suggested that an increased P300 in anxious individuals gave rise to the apparent anxiety/CRN relationship observed. These findings have important conceptual implications for facilitating the interpretability of results from individual difference studies of psychophysiology.


Assuntos
Transtornos de Ansiedade/fisiopatologia , Córtex Cerebral/fisiopatologia , Eletroencefalografia/métodos , Potenciais Evocados , Individualidade , Psicofisiologia/métodos , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Potenciais Evocados P300 , Humanos , Testes Neuropsicológicos , Análise de Regressão , Processamento de Sinais Assistido por Computador
10.
J Adolesc ; 51: 58-67, 2016 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27310724

RESUMO

This study sought to identify conditions under which parents' monitoring behaviors are most strongly linked to adolescents' negative reactions (i.e., feelings of being controlled and invaded). 242 adolescents (49.2% male; M age = 15.4 years) residing in the United States of America reported parental monitoring and warmth, and their own feelings of being controlled and invaded and beliefs in the legitimacy of parental authority. Analyses tested whether warmth and legitimacy beliefs moderate and/or suppress the link between parents' monitoring behaviors and adolescents' negative reactions. Monitoring was associated with more negative reactions, controlling for legitimacy beliefs and warmth. More monitoring was associated with more negative reactions only at weaker levels of legitimacy beliefs, and at lower levels of warmth. The link between monitoring and negative reactions is sensitive to the context within which monitoring occurs with the strongest negative reactions found in contexts characterized by low warmth and weak legitimacy beliefs.


Assuntos
Comportamento do Adolescente/psicologia , Relações Pais-Filho , Poder Familiar/psicologia , Responsabilidade Social , Adolescente , Criança , Cultura , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pais , Identificação Social
11.
J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol ; 45(2): 188-200, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25470114

RESUMO

The current study tested whether greater monitoring by mothers and greater disclosure by early adolescents was linked to greater agreement in mothers' and adolescents' reports of rule-breaking behavior. In doing so, the article demonstrated how polynomial regression analyses can be used to test hypotheses in which informant discrepancies serve as the dependent variable. Data were obtained from 218 mother-adolescent dyads (M adolescent age = 11.5 years, 51% female, 49% European American, 47% African American). Mothers and early adolescents provided reports of their perceptions of maternal monitoring (i.e., solicitation and control through rules), adolescent disclosure, and adolescent rule-breaking behavior. Polynomial regression models tested monitoring and disclosure as moderators of the association between mothers' and adolescents' reports of the adolescents' rule-breaking behavior. Mothers' reports of rule-breaking behavior were more strongly associated with adolescents' reports of their own rule-breaking behavior when mothers reported engaging in more solicitation or control through rules. There was less agreement in mothers' and adolescents' reports of rule breaking when adolescents reported that their mothers engaged in more solicitation. Adolescent disclosure did not moderate agreement in reported rule-breaking behavior. Greater monitoring by mothers may reduce the discrepancy in mother-adolescent reports of rule-breaking behavior. Findings also demonstrate the greater validity of polynomial regression approaches over difference scores when testing hypotheses with informant agreement as the outcome.


Assuntos
Comportamento do Adolescente/psicologia , Relações Mãe-Filho , Mães/psicologia , Revelação da Verdade , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise de Regressão
12.
J Child Fam Stud ; 25(3): 790-797, 2016 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30906175

RESUMO

Prior work indicates that adolescents perceive the family more negatively than do their parents. These discrepant views comprise some of the most robust observations in psychological science, and are observed on survey reports collected in vastly different cultures worldwide. Yet, whether developmental changes occur with these discrepant views remains unclear. In a sample of 141 adolescents and their mothers, we examined 1-year developmental changes in discrepancies between parents' and adolescents' views of family functioning. We focused on discrepant views about a relatively covert domain of family functioning (i.e., internal views of open communication) and a relatively overt domain of such functioning (i.e., views about observable communication problems). We observed significant developmental changes in discrepant views for open communication, but not for communication problems. These findings have important implications for research examining links between discrepant views of family functioning and whether these discrepancies serve as risk or protective factors for adolescent psychosocial functioning.

13.
Adolesc Health Med Ther ; 5: 127-42, 2014.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25177156

RESUMO

Family support programs aim to improve parent wellbeing and parenting as well as adolescent mental and behavioral health by addressing the needs of parents of adolescents experiencing or at risk for mental health problems. Family support programs can be part of the treatment for adolescents diagnosed with mental or behavioral health problems, or family support programs can be delivered as prevention programs designed to prevent the onset or escalation of mental or behavioral health problems. This review discusses the rationale for family support programs and describes the range of services provided by family support programs. The primary focus of the review is on evaluating the effectiveness of family support programs as treatments or prevention efforts delivered by clinicians or peers. Two main themes emerged from the review. First, family support programs that included more forms of support evidenced higher levels of effectiveness than family support programs that provided fewer forms of support. Discussion of this theme focuses on individual differences in client needs and program adaptions that may facilitate meeting diverse needs. Second, family support prevention programs appear to be most effective when serving individuals more in need of mental and behavioral health services. Discussion of this theme focuses on the intensity versus breadth of the services provided in prevention programs. More rigorous evaluations of family support programs are needed, especially for peer-delivered family support treatments.

14.
J Adolesc ; 37(5): 515-24, 2014 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24931554

RESUMO

This multi-informant longitudinal study aimed to understand whether the family dynamics that underlie adolescent voluntary disclosure regarding their leisure time behavior differs when adolescents strongly or weakly endorse the legitimacy of parental authority. Longitudinal linkages between parental monitoring behaviors and adolescents' secrecy and disclosure were tested among youths with strong and weak legitimacy beliefs. The sample included 197 adolescents (51% female, M age 12 years) and their mothers. Mothers reported on several of their own monitoring efforts (i.e., solicitation, active involvement, observing and listening, and obtaining information from spouses, siblings, and others). Adolescents reported their disclosure, secrecy, and legitimacy beliefs. Only among youths reporting strong legitimacy beliefs, more mother engagement and supervision (indexed by mother-reported active involvement and observing and listening) predicted more adolescent disclosure and less secrecy over time, and more mother solicitation predicted less secrecy.


Assuntos
Relações Mãe-Filho/psicologia , Poder Familiar/psicologia , Adolescente , Atitude , Comunicação , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Autorrevelação
15.
J Youth Adolesc ; 43(2): 245-56, 2014 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23722275

RESUMO

The current study focused on the childhood to adolescence transition and sought to determine why some children are more compliant than others as well as why children comply more often with some of their parents' rules than with others. Indices of parents' agency and children's agency were tested as predictors of compliance. Parent-based decision-making and parents' responses to expressed disagreement served as indices of parents' agency while children's beliefs regarding the legitimacy of parents' rules and felt obligation to obey rules served as indices of children's agency. Parent-child dyads (n = 218; 51% female, 49% European American, 47% African American) were interviewed during the summers following the children's 5th (M adolescent age = 11.9 years) and 6th grade school years. Children who felt that their parents' rules were more legitimate were more compliant overall than were children who felt that the rules were less legitimate. Children compiled more with rules governing topics perceived to be legitimately regulated by parents, when parents made more decisions regarding the topic and when parents responded to disagreement by standing strong. Results were generally consistent across parents' and children's reports of compliance and across cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. At the transition from childhood to adolescence, only children's agency explained why some children are more compliant than others, but parents' and children's agency helped to explain why children complied with some rules more than others.


Assuntos
Comportamento do Adolescente/psicologia , Comportamento Infantil/psicologia , Comportamento Cooperativo , Conflito Familiar/psicologia , Relações Pais-Filho , Poder Familiar/psicologia , Adolescente , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Tomada de Decisões , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Modelos Psicológicos , Modelos Estatísticos , Autonomia Pessoal
16.
J Youth Adolesc ; 43(11): 1877-89, 2014 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24337705

RESUMO

The goal of this study was to advance the understanding of separate and joint effects of mothers' and fathers' autonomy-relevant parenting during early and middle adolescence. In a sample of 518 families, adolescents (49 % female; 83 % European American, 16 % African American, 1 % other ethnic groups) reported on their mothers' and fathers' psychological control and knowledge about adolescents' whereabouts, friends, and activities at ages 13 and 16. Mothers and adolescents reported on adolescents' externalizing and internalizing behaviors at ages 12, 14, 15, and 17. Adolescents perceived their mothers as using more psychological control and having more knowledge than their fathers, but there was moderate concordance between adolescents' perceptions of their mothers and fathers. More parental psychological control predicted increases in boys' and girls' internalizing problems and girls' externalizing problems. More parental knowledge predicted decreases in boys' externalizing and internalizing problems. The perceived levels of behavior of mothers and fathers did not interact with one another in predicting adolescent adjustment. The results generalize across early and late adolescence and across mothers' and adolescents' reports of behavior problems. Autonomy-relevant mothering and fathering predict changes in behavior problems during early and late adolescence, but only autonomy-relevant fathering accounts for unique variance in adolescent behavior problems.


Assuntos
Comportamento do Adolescente/psicologia , Controle Interno-Externo , Relações Pais-Filho , Poder Familiar/psicologia , Autonomia Pessoal , Adolescente , Adulto , Pai/psicologia , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Mães/psicologia , Psicologia do Adolescente
17.
Accid Anal Prev ; 69: 5-14, 2014 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24360725

RESUMO

Greater parental involvement in the driving process and greater parent-imposed limits on novice adolescent drivers hold promise for reducing driving fatalities. However, relatively little is known about why some parents are more involved in the driving process than others. Driving-specific parenting may be both a continuation of established patterns of parenting and a response to a novel developmental task. Adolescents (n=242, M age 15.4 years, 49% male) who were enrolled in a drivers' education courses and their parents (n=276, 70% mothers) completed questionnaires reporting pre-driving parenting styles and monitoring behaviors; the adolescents' previous driving experiences; perceptions of risks for novice adolescent drivers; attitudes regarding parental involvement; and expected levels of limit-setting and autonomy attainment once adolescents begins driving. Parents' and adolescents' involvement attitudes and expectations for limits on driving and autonomy attainment were linked in multivariate models with established patterns of parenting and perceptions of risk. The discussion emphasizes implications for prevention and intervention efforts to increase parental involvement and limits.


Assuntos
Acidentes de Trânsito/prevenção & controle , Comportamento do Adolescente , Atitude , Condução de Veículo/psicologia , Poder Familiar/psicologia , Pais , Acidentes de Trânsito/psicologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Autonomia Pessoal , Assunção de Riscos , Inquéritos e Questionários
18.
J Adolesc ; 36(4): 685-93, 2013 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23849663

RESUMO

Keeping secrets from parents is associated with depression and antisocial behavior. The current study tested whether keeping secrets from best friends is similarly linked to maladjustment, and whether associations between secrecy and maladjustment are moderated by the quality of the friendship. Adolescents (N = 181; 51% female, 48% white, non-Hispanic, 45% African American) reported their secrecy from parents and best friends, the quality of their parent-adolescent relationships and best friendships, and their depression and antisocial behavior at ages 12 and 13. Keeping more secrets from best friends was associated with more depression, but not with more antisocial behavior, when controlling for earlier adjustment, secrecy from parents, and the quality of the friendship. For girls associations between maladjustment and secrecy were conditioned by the quality of the relationships and whether secrets were kept from parents and friends. Discussion argues for expanding the study of secrecy in adolescence beyond the parent-child dyad.


Assuntos
Transtorno da Personalidade Antissocial/psicologia , Confidencialidade/psicologia , Transtorno Depressivo/psicologia , Amigos/psicologia , Relações Pais-Filho , Adolescente , Transtorno da Personalidade Antissocial/diagnóstico , Criança , Transtorno Depressivo/diagnóstico , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Psicometria/estatística & dados numéricos , Análise de Regressão , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Ajustamento Social , Apoio Social , Inquéritos e Questionários
19.
Dev Psychol ; 49(5): 928-37, 2013 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22686172

RESUMO

Adolescents use various strategies to manage their parents' access to information. This study tested developmental change in strategy use, longitudinal associations between disclosing and concealing strategies, and longitudinal associations linking disclosing and concealing strategies with antisocial behavior and depressive symptoms. Self-report data (n = 218; 49% female; 49% European American, 47% African American) following Grades 5 (M age = 11 years, 11 months), 6, and 7 show that the use of disclosing strategies (e.g., telling all, telling if asked) following misbehavior declined while use of concealing strategies (e.g., omitting details, keeping secrets, lying) increased over time. Longitudinal links between strategies suggest a transactional process wherein infrequent disclosing is a gateway to concealment but concealment also predicts subsequent rank-order reductions in disclosure. Infrequent disclosing was associated with more subsequent antisocial behavior and depressive symptoms, whereas more antisocial behavior was associated with more subsequent concealment. Although absolute declines in disclosure and increases in concealment are normative, individual differences show that adolescents reporting low levels of disclosure, rather than high levels of concealment, appear to experience the most adjustment problems.


Assuntos
Adaptação Psicológica , Desenvolvimento do Adolescente/fisiologia , Associação , Gestão da Informação , Autorrevelação , Adolescente , Transtorno da Personalidade Antissocial/psicologia , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Criança , Transtornos do Comportamento Infantil/psicologia , Depressão/psicologia , Feminino , Humanos , Entrevista Psicológica , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Análise de Regressão
20.
J Abnorm Child Psychol ; 41(1): 1-14, 2013 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22773360

RESUMO

Multiple informants commonly disagree when reporting child and family behavior. In many studies of informant discrepancies, researchers take the difference between two informants' reports and seek to examine the link between this difference score and external constructs (e.g., child maladjustment). In this paper, we review two reasons why difference scores cannot serve as unambiguous predictors of outcomes. Further, we use polynomial regression analyses to both test the validity of difference scores and provide a more direct test of the hypothesis that discrepancies in parent and child reports predict child psychopathology. Data from 218 parent-adolescent dyads (M adolescent age = 11.5 years, 51 % female; 49 % European American, 47 % African American) were used to predict adolescent-reported antisocial behavior and depression from parent and adolescent reports of parent-adolescent conflict, parental knowledge, parental acceptance, adolescent rule-breaking behavior, and adolescent pubertal development. Results demonstrate that analyses using difference scores do not provide valid tests of the utility of informant discrepancies in predicting adolescent psychosocial maladjustment. However, interaction terms in polynomial regression analyses provide evidence that informant discrepancies predict child psychopathology. Parent-adolescent informant discrepancies predict adolescent psychopathology but researchers should avoid using difference scores to measure informant discrepancies. Polynomial regression analyses provide more comprehensive and accurate tests of whether informant discrepancies predict child and adolescent psychopathology.


Assuntos
Transtorno da Personalidade Antissocial/diagnóstico , Depressão/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Comportamento do Adolescente , Criança , Conflito Psicológico , Previsões , Humanos , Relações Mãe-Filho , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Análise de Regressão , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Autorrevelação
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