Microcephaly, macrotia, unusual mimics and mental retardation syndrome: new syndrome or variant of De Lange type 2 syndrome.

We report a boy who shows a severe microcephaly, with mild mental retardation and hypotonia, and a dysmorphic facies: (flat profile, arched eyebrows, mild ptosis, short nose with raised basis, large tip and anteverted nares, long, smooth philtrum, narrow mouth with down turned corners, very large, backward tilted ears, with a prominent lobule, retrognathism and very small and widely spaced, although normally shaped teeth. Vesicoureteral reflux was present. The mother showed similar aspect, large ears, and a grinning smile. This appear to represent an undescribed phenotype which share some resemblance to mild Cornelia de Lange and Kabuki syndromes.

Restrictive dermopathy, a lethal form of arthrogryposis multiplex with skin and bone dysplasias: three new cases and review of the literature.

Restrictive dermopathy is a rare, lethal autosomal recessive syndrome. We report on 3 unrelated affected stillborn infants of consanguineous parents. Clinical findings include a tight, thin, translucent, taut skin, which tears spontaneously in flexion creases, arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (including the temporomandibular joint), enlarged fontanelles, typical face and dysplasia of clavicles and long bones. Histologic abnormalities include hyperplastic, abnormally keratinized epidermis, reduced tonofilaments, thin, compact dermis with hypoplasia of the elastic fibres, and abnormal subcutaneous fat. Fifteen previous cases are reviewed.

Trisomy 20q. A new case and further phenotypic delineation.

The present report concerns the clinical and cytogenetic findings in a liveborn girl with trisomy for the long arm of chromosome 20. She was the unbalanced product of a maternal t(18;20)(q23.2;q13.1) translocation. Our case is compared to the 3 previous reports of trisomy 20q associated with telomeric translocation. Adenosine deaminase dosage falls in the normal range and confirms the exclusion of the ADA locus from the region extending distally to 20q13.1.