Comparison of regulatory networks of E74-like factor 1 and cold-shock domain-containing E1 in breast cancer cell lines using ChIP datasets.

In the present study, differences in the expression of target genes between chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) datasets of breast cancer MCF-7 cells treated with antibodies to E74-like factor 1 (ELF1) and cold-shock domain-containing E1 (CSDE1) were analyzed and gene regulatory networks were established. The datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. ELF1-associated target genes and CSDE1-associated target genes were analyzed for functional prediction and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. The ELF1 ChIP-seq dataset contained 95 ELF1-associated target genes, while the CSDE1 ChIP-seq dataset contained 826 CSDE1-associated target genes. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis indicated that the ELF1- and CSDE1-associated target genes had different potential functions and signaling pathways. The ELF1-associated target genes were mainly enriched in the GO terms of molecular transducer activity, catalytic activity, cellular processes and response to sensitivity, and in the KEGG pathways of olfactory transduction, the chemokine signaling pathway, carbohydrate digestion and absorption, and starch and sucrose metabolism. The CSDE1-associated target genes were mainly enriched in the GO terms of binding, transcription regulator activity, cellular processes and metabolic processes, and in the KEGG pathways of ribosome, metabolic pathways, endocytosis, oxidative phosphorylation and transcriptional misregulation in cancer. PPI network analysis revealed that the ELF1 regulatory network primarily regulated chemokine-mediated malignant tumor cells, while the CSDE1 regulatory network mainly regulated ribosomes, metabolic pathways and oxidative phosphorylation. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR indicated that ELF1 overexpression led to significant downregulation of C-X-C motif chemokine-8 and -6 expression levels in MCF-7 cells, while overexpression of CSDE1 significantly induced the mRNA expression of CSDE1-associated target genes, which included mitochondrial ribosomal protein L4, NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B7, small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide E, ribosomal protein S26 (RPS26), RPS11 and RPS6, in the MCF-7 cells. In breast cancer MCF-7 cells, the target genes and regulatory pathways of ELF1 and CSDE1 were different. Understanding these regulatory pathways may help to develop strategies for personalized breast cancer treatment.

The novel long non­coding RNA PRNCR1­2 is involved in breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion and cell cycle progression.

Long non­coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently been reported to act as important mediators of tumor initiation and progression. The present study aimed to investigate the expression and pathogenic roles of the lncRNA prostate cancer­associated non­coding RNA (PRNCR)1­2 in breast cancer. The expression levels of PRNCR1­2 were detected in breast cancer tissues and numerous breast cancer cell lines using reverse transcription­quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Depletion of PRNCR1­2 expression in breast cancer cells was conducted through small interfering RNA­mediated silencing. Subsequently, cell proliferation was assessed by MTS assay, cell migration and invasion capacities were evaluated using the Transwell culture system, and cell cycle progression and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. Protein expression levels of the signaling components checkpoint kinase 2 (CHK2), protein kinase B (AKT), phosphorylated (p)­CHK2 and p­AKT were measured by western blotting. The results demonstrated that PRNCR1­2 expression was significantly elevated in breast cancer tissues compared with in adjacent normal tissues. Furthermore, depletion of PRNCR1­2 in HS­578T and MDA­MB­231 breast cancer cells markedly suppressed their proliferation rates, migration and invasion capacities, and cell cycle progression; however, it had no effect on cell apoptosis. In addition, PRNCR1­2 depletion increased CHK2 phosphorylation and decreased AKT phosphorylation in HS­578T and MDA­MB­231 cells. In conclusion, the lncRNA PRNCR1­2 may promote breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion and cell cycle progression.