Associations of family functioning and parental styles with anxiety symptoms among high grade primary school students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To investigate the prevalence of anxiety symptoms among high grade primary school students in Guangzhou and their correlation with family functioning and parental parenting styles, so as to provide theoretical basis and guidance for family based interventions for children s anxiety symptoms.@*Methods@#From June to September 2022, a multi stage cluster random sampling method was employed to select 5 396 students from grades 4 to 6 in 13 primary schools in Guangzhou. The Family Functioning Assessment Scale for Children, Parental Bonding Instrument, and Spence Children s Anxiety Scale Short Version were used for the survey. Inter group comparison was analysed by t test or analysis of variance. Linear regression analysis was used to explore the effects of family function and parental parenting styles on anxiety symptoms in primary school students.@*Results@#The average score for anxiety symptoms among high grade primary school students in Guangzhou was (11.63±10.88). In terms of parenting styles, mothers scored higher than fathers in the dimensions of "care" (25.63±4.92) and "control" (5.08±2.58) compared to fathers ( 24.74± 5.50, 5.00±2.51) ( t =15.80, 4.21, P <0.01). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the scores of parents on the dimension of "encouragement of independence"（12.98±4.06,13.05±3.95)( t =-1.77， P >0.05）. After adjusting for general demographic characteristics, the results of linear regression analysis showed that primary school students family functioning ( B =0.47) and parental "control" ( B =0.67, 0.75) were positively associated with anxiety symptoms scores ( P <0.01). Meanwhile, parental "care" ( B =-0.53,-0.55) and "encouragement of independence" ( B =-0.62,-0.68) were negatively associated with anxiety symptom scores ( P <0.01). These associations remained statistically significant even after further adjusting for family functioning ( P <0.01).@*Conclusions@#Family functioning, parenting styles are closely associated with anxiety symptoms among high grade primary school students. Positive family functioning and parenting styles may mitigate childhood anxiety symptoms, whereas excessive parental control may increase the risk of childhood anxiety symptoms.

Bioinformatics Illustrations Decoded by ChatGPT: The Good, The Bad, and The Ugly.

Emerging studies underscore the promising capabilities of large language model-based chatbots in conducting fundamental bioinformatics data analyses. The recent feature of accepting image-inputs by ChatGPT motivated us to explore its efficacy in deciphering bioinformatics illustrations. Our evaluation with examples in cancer research, including sequencing data analysis, multimodal network-based drug repositioning, and tumor clonal evolution, revealed that ChatGPT can proficiently explain different plot types and apply biological knowledge to enrich interpretations. However, it struggled to provide accurate interpretations when quantitative analysis of visual elements was involved. Furthermore, while the chatbot can draft figure legends and summarize findings from the figures, stringent proofreading is imperative to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the content.

Effects of Organophosphate-Degrading Bacteria on the Plant Biomass, Active Medicinal Components, and Soil Phosphorus Levels of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis.

Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis, a medicinal plant that originated in Yunnan (China), has been over-harvested in the wild population, resulting in its artificial cultivation. Given the negative environmental impacts of the excessive use of phosphorus (P) fertilization, the application of organophosphate-degrading bacteria (OPDB) is a sustainable approach for improving the P use efficiency in Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis production. The present work aimed to analyze the effects of three organic phosphate-solubilizing bacteria of Bacillus on the yield and quality of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis and the P concentrations in the soil. All the inoculation treatments distinctly increased the rhizome biomass, steroidal, and total saponin concentrations of the rhizomes and the Olsen-P and organic P in the soil. The highest growth rate of rhizomes biomass, steroidal saponins, available phosphorus, and total phosphorus content was seen in the S7 group, which was inoculated with all three OPDB strains, showing increases of 134.58%, 132.56%, 51.64%, and 17.19%, respectively. The highest total saponin content was found in the group inoculated with B. mycoides and B. wiedmannii, which increased by 33.68%. Moreover, the highest organic P content was seen in the group inoculated with B. wiedmannii and B. proteolyticus, which increased by 96.20%. In addition, the rhizome biomass was significantly positively correlated with the saponin concentration, together with the positive correlation between the Olsen-P and organic P and total P. It is concluded that inoculation with organophosphate-degrading bacteria improved the biomass and medicinal ingredients of the rhizome in P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis, coupled with increased soil P fertility, with a mixture of the three bacteria performing best.

Binder jet 3D printing composite bilayer tablet of extended-release printing technology in the study / 药学学报

Based on the dual needs of analgesia and anti-inflammation in trauma treatment, this study uses acetaminophen and moxifloxacin hydrochloride as active pharmaceutical ingredients and develops a composite bilayer tablet with a dual-phase drug release system by using binder jet 3D printing technology. Due to the complexity of the 3D printing process, there is an interaction between the various parameters. Through the optimization of the process, the relationship between the key process parameters can be determined more intuitively. In this study, the process of extended-release tablets was optimized to maintain the mechanical properties of the tablets while realizing the regulation of release. The full-factor experimental design of three central points 23 was used to analyze the factors that significantly affect the quality attributes of extended-release tablets and the interaction between factors. The optimal extended-release process parameters were obtained by the response optimizer: the inkjet quantity of the printing ink was 10 (about 13.8 pL), the powder thickness was 180 μm, and the running speed was 360 mm·s-1. The in vitro of release of 3D printed composite bilayer tablets showed that the in vitro of release of 3D printed tablets and commercially available tablets conformed to the Ritger-Peppas release model. The results of porosity showed that the immediate-release layer of the preparation has many pores and large pore size, and the dissolution of the immediate release layer within 15 min was greater than 85%. The internal pore size of the extended release layer is large, but it can still release slowly for up to 8 h, the mechanism may be related to the extended release of HPMC gelation. On the basis of verifying the rationality of the design goal of 3D printed composite bilayer tablets, this study also provides a theoretical basis for the preparation of 3D printing complex preparations.

Triterpenoids from an aqueous extract of the Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa seeds / 药学学报

Four new triterpenoids, together with six known analogues, were isolated from an aqueous extract of the Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa seeds, by multiple column chromatographic separation methods using stationary phases of macroporous adsorption resin, MCI resin, normal phase silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and Toyopearl HW-40C as well as preparative thin-layer chromatography and reversed-phase HPLC. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic data analysis, the new structures were trivially named jujubaceanothoside A (1), 23-epijujuboside A (2), and jujubosides J and K (3 and 4), while the known analogues were identified as jujubosides A-C (5-7) and II (8), alphitolic acid (9), and betulinic acid (10). The structure of 1 was confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction.

Research progress of metabolomics in psoriasis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with significant physical and psychological burdens. The interplay between the innate and adaptive immune systems is thought to contribute to the pathogenesis; however, the details of the pathogenesis remain unclear. In addition, reliable biomarkers for diagnosis, assessment of disease activity, and monitoring of therapeutic response are limited. Metabolomics is an emerging science that can be used to identify and analyze low molecular weight molecules in biological systems. During the past decade, metabolomics has been widely used in psoriasis research, and substantial progress has been made. This review summarizes and discusses studies that applied metabolomics to psoriatic disease. These studies have identified dysregulation of amino acids, carnitines, fatty acids, lipids, and carbohydrates in psoriasis. The results from these studies have advanced our understanding of: (1) the molecular mechanisms of psoriasis pathogenesis; (2) diagnosis of psoriasis and assessment of disease activity; (3) the mechanism of treatment and how to monitor treatment response; and (4) the link between psoriasis and comorbid diseases. We discuss common research strategies and progress in the application of metabolomics to psoriasis, as well as emerging trends and future directions.

Monoterpenes and hexenol glycosides from an aqueous extract of Monochasma savatieri / 药学学报

Twelve compounds, including 5 new monoterpenes and 7 known derivatives, were isolated from a water decoction of Monochasma savatieri by column chromatography over macroporous adsorbent resin, MCI resin, Sephadex LH-20, and HW-40C, combined with preparative TLC, reversed phase HPLC, and flash column chromatographic techniques. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic data, along with enzymatic hydrolysis as well as electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and NMR calculations, the new structures named monochaside I (1) and monochairidols A-D (2-5), respectively. The known compounds 6-12 were obtained from the Monochasma plants for the first time.

Minor triterpenoid acids from an aqueous extract of Uncaria rhynchophylla / 药学学报

Seventeen minor triterpenoid acids (1-17) were isolated from an aqueous decoction of Uncaria rhynchophylla by a combinatory application of column chromatography using multiple stationary phases, including macroporous adsorbent resin, MCI resin, Sephadex LH-20, Toyopearl HW-40C, silica gel, and C18 reversed phase silica gel, combined with separation techniques of flash chromatography (FC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Their structures were determined by analysis of HR-ESI-MS, UV, CD, and IR as well as 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data, of which eight new compounds (1-8) are named successively uncarinic acids Q-X, while the structures of 2 and 7 were confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. In the in vitro assays, 27-hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid (17) inhibited TGF-β-induced HSC-T6 cell activation at the concentration of 5 μmol·L-1.

Dimeric phthalides from an aqueous extract of the Angelica sinensis root head / 药学学报

Ten dimeric phthalide racemates (1-10) were isolated from an aqueous extract of the Angelica sinensis root head (Guitou) by separation techniques of column chromatography over macroporous adsorbent resin, MCI resin, silica gel, and Sephadex LH-20, together with preparative thin-layer chromatography and reversed phase HPLC. The racemates were further separated into (+)-/(-)-1-(+)-/(-)-10 with chiral HPLC. Their structures including absolute configurations were elucidated by comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic data, combined with electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and NMR calculations as well as single crystal X-ray diffractions. Compounds (+)-/(-)-1-(+)-/(-)-10 are either new structure or new natural product, named (+)-/(-)-angelidipthalidic acids A-H [(+)-/(-)-1-(+)-/(-)-8] and (+)-/(-)-angelidipthalidols A and B [(+)-/(-)-9 and (+)-/(-)-10], respectively. Meanwhile, dimeric phthalide mono- and bis-lactone derivatives with 3.3′a,8.6′- and 3.6′,8.3′a-coupling patterns as well as determination of their relative configurations are discussed.

Monoterpenes from an aqueous extract of the Angelica sinensis root head / 药学学报

Eleven monoterpenes including seven new chemical structures or new natural products covering two pairs of scalemic enantiomers, together with four known analogues, were isolated from an aqueous extract of the Angelica sinensis root head (Guitou) by separation techniques of column chromatography over macroporous adsorbent resin, MCI resin, silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and Toyopearl HW-40C, together with preparative thin-layer chromatography as well as reversed phase and chiral HPLC. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic data analysis, combined with theoretic calculation of electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The new structures or new natural products named (+)-/(-)-angelinones A and B [(+)-/(-)-1 and (+)-/(-)-2], angelinones C and D (3 and 4), and angelinol A (5), respectively, while the known analogues were 6β,9-dihydroxy-(+)-α-pinene (6), 1,1,5-trimethyl-2-hydroxymethyl-cyclohexa-2,5-dien-4-one (7), jasminol E (8), and (+)-trans-sobrerol (9). All the isolates were reported in this plant for the first time, except for the previously reported 6 from an ethanol extract of the aerial parts of A. sinensis, of which the structure was confirmed by X-ray crystallography in this study.

Biallelic mutations in WDR12 are associated with male infertility with tapered-head sperm / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Teratozoospermia is a rare disease associated with male infertility. Several recurrent genetic mutations have been reported to be associated with abnormal sperm morphology, but the genetic basis of tapered-head sperm is not well understood. In this study, whole-exome sequencing (WES) identified a homozygous WD repeat domain 12 (WDR12; p.Ser162Ala/c.484T>G) variant in an infertile patient with tapered-head spermatozoa from a consanguineous Chinese family. Bioinformatic analysis predicted this mutation to be a pathogenic variant. To verify the effect of this variant, we analyzed WDR12 protein expression in spermatozoa of the patient and a control individual, as well as in the 293T cell line, by Western blot analysis, and found that WDR12 expression was significantly downregulated. To understand the role of normal WDR12, we evaluated its mRNA and protein expression in mice at different ages. We observed that WDR12 expression was increased in pachytene spermatocytes, with intense staining visible in round spermatid nuclei. Based on these results, the data suggest that the rare biallelic pathogenic missense variant (p.Ser162Ala/c.484T>G) in the WDR12 gene is associated with tapered-head spermatozoa. In addition, after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), a successful pregnancy was achieved. This finding indicates that infertility associated with this WDR12 homozygous mutation can be overcome by ICSI. The present results may provide novel insights into understanding the molecular mechanisms of male infertility.

Effects of novel bioactive glasses on promoting remineralization of artificial dentin caries / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of novel bioactive glasses (BG) including PSC with high phosphorus component and FBG with fluorine-doped element on promoting remineralization of artificial dentin caries.@*METHODS@#(1) BGs were used in this study as follows: PSC (10.8%P2O5-54.2%SiO2-35.0%CaO, mol.%) were synthesized using phytic acid as the phosphorus precursor through sol-gel method. FBG (6.1%P2O5-37.0%SiO2-53.9%CaO-3.0%CaF2, mol.%) and 45S5(6.0%P2O5-45.0%SiO2-24.5%CaO-24.5%Na2O, mol.%) were synthesized by traditional melt method. (2) The above BGs were soaked in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 24 hours. Then X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to analyze the formation of hydroxyapatite (HA) crystals. (3) Prepared 1 mm thick dentin slices were soaked in 17% ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) for 1 week to demineralize the dentin. Then the dentin slices treated by BG were soaked in SBF for 1 week. Field emission scanning electron micro-scopy (FE-SEM) was used to observe the surface morphology of the dentin slices. (4) Four cavities were prepared to 1 mm depth in each 2 mm thick dentin slice, then were treated with lactic acid for 2 weeks to form the artificial dentin caries. Wax, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), PSC and FBG were used to fill four cavities as blank control group, MTA group, PSC group and FBG group respectively. Then the spe-cimens were soaked in SBF for 4 weeks. The changes of depth and density of demineralized dentin were analyzed using Micro-CT before filling and after 2 and 4 weeks filling.@*RESULTS@#(1) PSC and FBG promoted mineral formation on the surfaces of the demineralized dentin. And the speed was faster and crystallinity was higher in PSC group than the FBG and 45S5 groups. (2) The increased mineral density of artificial dentin caries in PSC group were (185.98 ± 55.66) mg/cm3 and (213.64 ± 36.01) mg/cm3 2 and 4 weeks after filling respectively, which were significantly higher than the control group [(20.38 ± 7.55) mg/cm3, P=0.006; (36.46 ± 10.79) mg/cm3, P=0.001]. At meanwhile, PSC group was also higher than MTA group [(57.29 ± 10.09) mg/cm3; (111.02 ± 22.06) mg/cm3], and it had statistical difference (P=0.015; P=0.006). The depth of remineralized dentin in PSC group were (40.0 ± 16.9) μm and (54.5 ± 17.8) μm 2 and 4 weeks respectively, which were also statistically different from the control group (P =0.010;P=0.001). There were no statistical differences between the control group and MTA group. The above effects of FBG group were between PSC and MTA.@*CONCLUSION@#PSC has advantages in the speed, quality and depth of mineral deposition in the demineralized layer of artificial dentin caries. It would be expected to be an ideal material to promote the remineralization of dentin caries.

Apnea caused by retrobulbar anesthesia: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Apnea caused by retrobulbar anesthesia is a very rare but severe complication during ophthalmic surgery. CASE SUMMARY: We report a rare case of apnea caused by retrobulbar anesthesia, and emergency resuscitation was used. A 74-year-old female patient was diagnosed with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in the right eye and planned to undergo vitrectomy under retrobulbar anesthesia. After the retrobulbar anesthesia in her right eye, she became unconscious and apneic. It was suggested that she had developed brainstem anesthesia. Assisted ventilation was initiated. Atropine 0.5 mg, epinephrine 1 mg, ephedrine 30 mg, and lipid emulsion were given. Five minutes later, her consciousness and breathing gradually returned, but with uncertain light perception in her right eye. Alprostadil 20 µg was given, and after 2 h her visual acuity resumed to the preoperative level. CONCLUSION: Brainstem anesthesia is a serious complication secondary to retrobulbar anesthesia. Medical staff should pay attention to the identification of brainstem anesthesia and be familiar with the emergency treatment for this complication.

Megastigmanes from an aqueous extract of Uncaria rhynchophylla / 药学学报

Five new megastigmanes (1-5) were isolated from a decoction of Uncaria rhynchophylla by separation techniques of column chromatography using a combination of multiple stationary phases, including macroporous adsorbent resin, MCI resin, silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and Toyopearl HW-40F, and reversed phase HPLC. Their structures were characterized by spectroscopic data analysis of HR-ESI-MS, NMR, and CD, in combination with Mosher's mothed as well as ECD and NMR calculations. The new compounds were named uncarphyllonone A (1), uncarphyllonols A (2) and B (3), and uncarphabscisic acids A (4) and B (5). Although the structures of 3 and 4 were previously reported, the reported NMR spectroscopic data were incorrect or do not support the assigned structures in literatures. This is also the first report of discovery of new megastigmane natural products from the Uncaria genus.

MBOAT1 homozygous missense variant causes nonobstructive azoospermia / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) is a common cause of infertility and is defined as the complete absence of sperm in ejaculation due to defective spermatogenesis. The aim of this study was to identify the genetic etiology of NOA in an infertile male from a Chinese consanguineous family. A homozygous missense variant of the membrane-bound O-acyltransferase domain-containing 1 (MBOAT1) gene (c.770C>T, p.Thr257Met) was found by whole-exome sequencing (WES). Bioinformatic analysis also showed that this variant was a pathogenic variant and that the amino acid residue in MBOAT1 was highly conserved in mammals. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) analysis showed that the mRNA level of MBOAT1 in the patient was 22.0% lower than that in his father. Furthermore, we screened variants of MBOAT1 in a broader population and found an additional homozygous variant of the MBOAT1 gene in 123 infertile men. Our data identified homozygous variants of the MBOAT1 gene associated with male infertility. This study will provide new insights for researchers to understand the molecular mechanisms of male infertility and will help clinicians make accurate diagnoses.

Monoterpene glucosides from an aqueous extract of Monochasma savatieri / 药学学报

Eleven monoterpene glucosides were isolated from a water decoction of Monochasma savatieri by column chromatography over macroporous adsorbent resin, MCI resin, Sephadex LH-20, and HW-40C, combined with preparative TLC, reversed phase HPLC, and flash column chromatographic techniques. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic data, along with acidic and enzymatic hydrolysis as well as electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and NMR calculations, including six new compounds (1-4, 7 and 8), named monochasides A-D, G and H, respectively. Comparing the reported data of 9-hydroxylinaloyl 3-O-β-D-glucoside (5), (6Z)-9-hydroxylinaloyl 3-O-β-D-glucoside (6), and kankanoside D1 (9) with those obtained in this study, the absolute configurations of 6 and 9 were proved for the first time. Other two compounds were identified as 8-hydroxygeraniol 1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (10) and 8-hydroxygeraniol 8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (11), respectively.

Appraisal of the diagnostic procedures of acute pancreatitis in the guidelines.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to comprehensively assess the heterogeneity of procedures in the diagnostic guidelines for acute pancreatitis and to identify gaps limiting knowledge in diagnosing this disease. METHODS: A systematic search of a number of databases was performed to determine the guidelines for the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis in patients with severe pancreatitis. The guidelines for the diagnosis of severe pancreatitis were evaluated by AGREE II. The Measurement Scale of Rate of Agreement (MSRA) was used to assess the guidelines (2015-2020) and extract evidence supporting these recommendations for analysis. RESULTS: Seven diagnostic guidelines for acute pancreatitis were included. Only the 2019 WSES Guidelines for the Management of Severe Acute Pancreatitis and the Japanese Guidelines for the Management of Acute Pancreatitis: Japanese Guidelines 2015 had a total score of more than 60%, which is worthy of clinical recommendation. The average scores of the Scope and Purpose domain and the Clarity and Expression domain were the highest at 71.62% and 75.59%, respectively, while the average score of the Applicability area was the lowest at 16.67%. The included guidelines were further analyzed to determine the heterogeneity of the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. The main reasons for the heterogeneity were the citation of low-quality evidence, the presence of far too many indicators for the classification of acute pancreatitis, unclear depictions of the standard, and poorly comprehensive recommendations for the diagnosis of the aetiology in the primary diagnosis of acute pancreatitis, the severity classification, the aetiological diagnosis, and the diagnosis of comorbidities. CONCLUSIONS: The quality of different diagnostic guidelines for severe pancreatitis is uneven. The recommendations are largely based on low-quality evidence, and the guidelines still have much room for improvement to reach a high level of quality. The diagnostic procedures for acute pancreatitis vary widely in different guidelines. There are large differences between them, and resolving the abovementioned reasons would be a very wise choice for guideline developers to revise and upgrade the guidelines in the future.

Evaluation of guidelines for the management of perianal fistulas in Crohn's disease.

INTRODUCTION: The occurrence of perineal fistula is a significant evesnt in the evolution of Crohn's disease. Approximately 21% to 23% of patients develop perineal fistula at least once in their lifetime, approximately 30% of patients have cases of recurrence, and the refractory and recurrent perineal lesions of Crohn's disease impose a great economic burden on patients. The main purpose of this review was to investigate the quality of guidelines for perineal fistula in Crohn's disease. AREA COVERED: Relevant websites and databases were systematically searched to identify and select clinical guidelines related to perineal fistulas in Crohn's disease. Four independent reviewers assessed the eligible guidelines using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II) and used intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) to measure the agreement among the guideline reviewers. CONCLUSION: There is much room for improvement in the quality of guidelines for the management of perineal fistulas in Crohn's disease. The recommendations and evidence for guidelines for the management of perineal fistulas in Crohn's disease are quite heterogeneous, and guideline-developers would be well advised to address the above issues during future guideline development.

Clinical application of the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery in perioperative nursing of patients with total hip replacement / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore the clinical effect of the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in the perioperative nursing of patients with total hip replacement.Methods:A total of 93 patients with hip osteoarthritis admitted from June 2017 to June 2018 were divided into routine nursing group and ERAS nursing group according to the random number table method. Patients in both groups were treated with unilateral total hip arthroplasty. Routine nursing group was treated with routine perioperative nursing, and ERAS nursing group was treated with ERAS concept. The ERAS nursing team was established, including a head nurse and an orthopedic physician, in addition to the regular nursing staff. The treatment, perioperative pain and nursing satisfaction of the two groups were compared.Results:The first time of getting out of bed activity [(1.95 ± 0.45) days vs. (5.52 ± 2.52) days], the first time of defecation after operation [(1.34 ± 0.56) days vs. (2.15 ± 0.84) days], the time of hospitalization [(5.73 ± 1.65) days vs. (10.04 ± 2.14) days] in ERAS nursing group were shorter than those in routine nursing group, and the cost of hospitalization [(49 450.50 ± 880.52) yuan vs. (53 053.50 ± 780.50) yuan] was lower than that in routine nursing group, the differences were statistically significant ( t=6.639-31.622, P < 0.05). The NRS scores of 24 hours [(3.35 ± 0.85) vs. (4.32 ± 1.05)], 48 hours [(2.65 ± 0.52) vs. (3.48 ± 0.54)] after operation and discharge [(1.74 ± 0.65) vs. (2.36 ± 0.53)] in the ERAS nursing group were lower than those of the routine nursing group, the differences were statistically significant ( t=4.526, 4.856 and 4.456, P < 0.05). The nursing satisfaction rate of ERAS nursing group (95.7%, 45/47) was higher than that of routine nursing group (76.60%, 36/47), the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The idea of ERAS has a good clinical effect in perioperative nursing of patients with total hip replacement.

Two folate-derived analogues from an aqueous decoction of Uncaria rhynchophylla / 中国天然药物

Two new folate-derived analogues, named uncarophyllofolic acids A (1) and B (2), respectively, were isolated from the Uncaria rhynchophylla hook bearing stem (Gouteng in Chinese). The distinct stereochemical structures of 1 and 2 were determined by spectroscopic data analysis in combination with acidic hydrolysis and Marfey's derivatization, along with comparison of their specific rotation and Cotton effect (CE) data with those of the biogenetically related known derivatives as well as theoretical calculations of electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. A plausible biosynthetic pathway of 1 and 2, associating to folate metabolism and the previously reported orychophragines A-C from Orychophragmus violaceus, is discussed.