A Large-scale Multicenter Study of Academic Resilience and Well-being in Pharmacy Education.

Objective. Health care students are at particular risk of stress and exposure to adverse events, negatively affecting well-being and performance and leading to increased attrition. Academic resilience has been identified as one factor helping mitigate such negative effects in students. Despite this, there is limited research exploring the topic in pharmacy education.Methods. Using a cross-sectional survey design, students attending three schools of pharmacy in the United Kingdom (N=1161) completed psychometric measures of academic resilience and well-being. Comparative, correlational, and regression analyses were conducted, exploring the relationship between academic resilience and well-being.Results. Academic resilience and well-being were significantly lower in pharmacy students compared to other student populations. Academic resilience was a positive correlate and predictor for well-being. Academic resilience was highest in first-year students, declined over subsequent years of study, and varied by pharmacy school and gender but not ethnicity.Conclusion. Introducing and embedding strategies to enhance academic resilience in pharmacy education may improve well-being and performance and reduce attrition.

Medication-taking for secondary prevention of acute myocardial infarction: a thematic meta-synthesis of patient experiences.

OBJECTIVE: To collate existing qualitative research examining patients' medication-taking experiences in secondary prevention of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and produce new knowledge, a systematic review and meta-synthesis of patient qualitative studies was conducted. METHOD: A systematic review found nine reports suitable for inclusion. Themes found by the report authors and report characteristic data were extracted. Reports were assessed for quality. A meta-synthesis using thematic coding and constant comparison method produced higher order themes, and these were used to construct a statement organised by theme using specific examples from the included studies. RESULTS: All patients discussed their medication-taking in thematic categories of beliefs about medication and illness, personal ability and interpersonal factors. Themes differed between classes of medication and between patients, suggesting tailored interventions to medications and individual patients would be appropriate. Some themes overlapped with those discussed by the broader group of cardiovascular patients, but some themes were unique to this myocardial infarction patient group, again indicating that a tailored approach is appropriate for this patient group. CONCLUSION: The themes of beliefs about medication and illness, personal ability and interpersonal support provide tangible starting points for addressing adherence issues. The concept of medication-taking had unique elements within the post-AMI group of patients, and between classes of medication. While these themes were grouped into more generalised higher-order constructs, there were differences between patients within the themed group, indicating that themes are useful as a guide, but individual-level patient support is appropriate.

A phenomenological analysis of the experience of taking medication to prevent a further heart attack.

Following an acute myocardial infarction, patients are prescribed a regime of cardio-protective medication to prevent recurrent cardiovascular events and mortality. Adherence to medication is poor in this patient group, and not fully understood. Current interventions have made limited improvements but are based upon presumed principles. To describe the phenomenon of medicine-taking for an individual taking medication for secondary prevention for an AMI, Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis was used to analyse transcripts of semi-structured interviews with participants. Themes were generated for each participant, then summarized across participants. Five key themes were produced; the participants needed to compare themselves to others, showed that knowledge of their medicines was important to them, discussed how the future was an unknown entity for them, had assimilated their medicines into their lives, and expressed how an upset to their routine reduced their ability to take medication. Participants described complex factors and personal adaptations to taking their medication. This suggests that a patient-centred approach is appropriate for adherence work, and these themes could inform clinical practice to better support patients in their medicine adherence.

Developing a Global Community of Practice for Pharmacy Workforce Resilience-Meet GRiT.

Workforce resilience in pharmacy is required to ensure the practice, education, and administrative systems remain viable and sustainable over time and when facing challenges. Whether it is addressing burnout of pharmacists or students, or the structure and policies/procedures of employment and professional organizations, working to increase resilience across all individuals and sectors is essential to relieve pressure and promote better well-being, especially during the recent pandemic. The purpose of this article is to describe the development of a community of practice global group focused on development of resilience within the pharmacy workforce that is inclusive of students, pharmacy interns/preregistration and registered pharmacists. The steering group meets monthly and has representation of 24 members across eight countries. Members meet to discuss pertinent issues they are facing in practice, as well as to share and progress ideas on education, research, and practice initiatives. To date, members have collectively implemented resilience training in pharmacy education, researched burnout and resilience in both students and pharmacists, and facilitated international collaborations both within and outside core group members. Future activities will focus on strengthening the community of practice in order to harness the power of the collective.

Longitudinal Evaluation of the Healthy Living Assessment as an Experiential Learning Activity Provided On-Campus.

Objective. To implement and evaluate the effectiveness of healthy living assessments (HLA) conducted on campus by undergraduate pharmacy students. Methods. Because of a shortage of workplace-based placements for undergraduate pharmacy students, a program was developed for students to conduct HLAs on campus for volunteer patients. Pharmacy students underwent training and completed a competency assessment before being approved to conduct HLAs. Staff members and students were recruited to serve as participants. Following the HLA, pharmacy students completed a quantitative and qualitative questionnaires to assess their perceived educational gains and opinions about the experience. Participants who underwent an HLA were asked to complete a questionnaire about the quality of the service they received. Results. From 2011-2019, 896 HLAs were conducted by 764 undergraduate pharmacy students. The students reported that completing an HLA improved their clinical knowledge, counselling skills, professionalism, and confidence when talking to participants. They believed the HLA delivered an authentic learning experience, similar to that achieved during workplace-based placements. The HLA service was rated as good or outstanding by 99% of the participants, and the majority stated that they intended to make lifestyle changes as a result of attending the HLA. Conclusion. Conducting healthy living assessments provided undergraduate pharmacy students a valuable, quality-assured opportunity for experiential learning. The HLAs were well received by participants as they informed them about their current health status and gave them useful advice about making health improvements.