IgG Isotypes Targeting a Recombinant Chimeric Protein of Trypanosoma cruzi in Different Clinical Presentations of Chronic Chagas Disease.

Chagas disease (CD) is caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, which leads to a spectrum of clinical presentations that range from asymptomatic to severe cardiac involvement. The host immune response plays a pivotal role in disease progression. Ig isotypes may contribute to disease pathogenesis. Investigating these components can provide insights into the immunopathogenic mechanisms underlying CD. This cross-sectional study aims to establish a correlation between the Ig profile of individuals infected with T. cruzi with the clinical forms of chronic CD. Serum samples were collected from partner institutions in different states of Brazil. Individuals diagnosed with chronic CD were categorized based on the clinical form of the disease. The indirect ELISA method using the recombinant chimeric Molecular Biology Institute of Paraná membrane protein 8.4 as the antigen was used to determine the Ig profile, including total IgG, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4. Ninety-seven serum samples from patients classified as negative (NEG, n = 38), indeterminate (IND, n = 24), mild cardiac (MC, n = 20), and severe cardiac (SC, n = 15) forms were analyzed. IgG1 exhibited greater levels compared with the other isotypes, showing a significant difference between the MC and IND groups. IgG3 levels were greater in individuals from the MC group compared with the SC group. IgG1 and IgG3 isotypes can serve as biomarkers to evaluate the progression of CD because they exhibit variations across clinical groups. Additional longitudinal studies are necessary to explore the relationship between antibody kinetics and the development of tissue damage.

Normal values for maximal respiratory pressures in children and adolescents: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The non-invasive assessment of maximal respiratory pressures (MRP) reflects the strength of the respiratory muscles. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the studies which have established normative values for MRP in healthy children and adolescents and to synthesize these values through a meta-analysis. METHODS: The searches were conducted until October 2023 in the following databases: ScienceDirect, MEDLINE, CINAHL, SciELO, and Web of Science. Articles that determined normative values and/or reference equations for maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) in children and adolescents published in English, Portuguese, or Spanish regardless of the year of publication were included. Two reviewers selected titles and abstracts, in case of conflict, a third reviewer was consulted. Articles that presented sufficient data were included to conduct the meta-analysis. RESULTS: Initially, 252 studies were identified, 28 studies were included in the systematic review and 19 in the meta-analysis. The sample consisted of 5798 individuals, and the MIP and MEP values were stratified by sex and age groups of 4-11 and 12-19 years. Values from females 4-11 years were: 65.8 cmH2O for MIP and 72.8 cmH2O for MEP, and for males, 75.4 cmH2O for MIP and 84.0 cmH2O for MEP. In the 12-19 age group, values for females were 82.1 cmH2O for MIP and 90.0 cmH2O for MEP, and for males, they were 95.0 cmH2O for MIP and 105.7 cmH2O for MEP. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis suggests normative values for MIP and MEP in children and adolescents based on 19 studies.

Covid-19: fatores associados ao uso e adesão de equipamentos de proteção individual entre residentes no Brasil / Covid-19: factors associated with the use and adherence of personal protective equipment in Brazil among residents / Covid-19: factores asociados al uso y adherencia de equipos de protección personal entre los residentes en Brasil

Objetivo: analisar os fatores associados ao uso e a adesão aos equipamentos de proteção individual pelos profissionais pós-graduandos vinculados a programas de residência em saúde. Método: transversal com 227 residentes. Avaliadas variáveis relacionadas à adesão e uso adequado de equipamentos de proteção individual por meio de instrumento validado "E.P.I. covid-19 Brasil-versão adaptada para residentes". Realizou-se análise bivariada, teste qui-quadrado/exato de Fisher e cálculo da razão de prevalência. Pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa com Seres Humanos. Resultados: realizaram atividades de capacitação sobre EPIs (59,9%).Associação entre uso de máscara cirúrgica(p≤0,01) e idade; área de concentração do programa e uso de gorro (p≤0,01) e máscara cirúrgica (p=0,04); realização de atividades de capacitação e uso de máscara cirúrgica (p=0,02) e N95 (p≤0,01). A adesão variou de 0% a 67%. Conclusão: fatores associados ao uso adequado, idade, área de concentração do programa e realização de atividades de capacitação. Houve fragilidades na adesão. Sugere-se o fortalecimento do tema biossegurança na residência.

Objective: to analyze the factors associated with the use and adherence to personal protective equipment by graduate professionals linked to residency programs in health. Method: cross-sectional study with 227 residents. E.P.I.covid-19 Brasil-adapted version for residents". Bivariate analysis, Fisher chi-square/exact test and calculation of the prevalence ratio were performed. Research was approved by the Ethics Committee for Research with Human Beings. Results: they carried out training activities on PPE (59.9%). Association between use of surgical mask (p≤0.01) and age; program concentration area and use of cap (p≤0.01) and surgical mask (p=0.04); performance of training activities and use of surgical mask (p=0.02) and N95 (p≤0.01). Adherence to PPE ranged from 0% to 67%. Conclusion: factors associated with the proper use of personal protective equipment were age, area of program concentration, and performance of training activities. There were weaknesses in adherence. It is suggested to strengthen the theme of biosafety in the residence.

Objetivos:analizar los factores asociados al uso y la adherencia a los equipos de protección personal (EPP) por parte de profesionales graduados vinculados a programas de residencia en salud. Método: estudio transversal con 227 residentes. Se utilizó la versión adaptada para residentes del «Cuestionario sobre EPI en la atención primaria de salud (EPS-APS) en el contexto de la COVID-19 en Brasil. Se realizaron análisis bivariados, prueba chi-cuadrado de Fisher/prueba exacta y cálculo de la razón de prevalencia. La investigación fue aprobada por el Comité de Ética para la Investigación con Seres Humanos. Resultados: se realizaron actividades de capacitación sobre EPI (59,9%). Se observó asociación entre el uso de mascarilla quirúrgica (p≤0,01) y la edad; área de concentración del programa y uso de cofia (p≤0,01) y mascarilla quirúrgica (p=0,04); realización de actividades de capacitación y uso de mascarilla quirúrgica (p=0,02) y N95 (p≤0,01). La adherencia a los EPI osciló entre el 0% y el 67%. Conclusión: los factores asociados al uso correcto de los EPI fueron la edad, el área de concentración del programa y la realización de actividades de capacitación. Se observaron debilidades en la adherencia. Se sugiere fortalecer el tema de la bioseguridad en la residencia.

Simulation-based training in Leprosy: development and validation of a scenario for community health workers.

OBJECTIVES: To build and validate a clinical simulation scenario designed to instruct community health workers (CHWs) in active leprosy case detection. METHODS: Methodological study involving the development of a simulated clinical scenario and content validation by experts. The Content Validity Index (CVI) was used to determine the level of agreement among the judging commitee, and a descriptive analysis of their recommendations was performed. RESULTS: A simulated scenario with a simulated participant was developed - a simulation characterized by low complexity, moderate physical/environmental fidelity, moderate to high psychological fidelity, and high conceptual fidelity, lasting 50 minutes and capable of training up to 10 CHWs simultaneously. The scenario was validated by 14 experts, with a CVI exceeding 80% for all components. CONCLUSIONS: The validated clinical simulation possesses attributes that make it highly reproducible in various national health contexts, thereby contributing to the global "Towards Zero Leprosy" strategy.

Capacidade funcional e qualidade de vida de adultos e idosos com feridas crônicas / Functional capacity and quality of life of adults and elderly people with wounds

Introdução: As feridas crônicas afetam a população em geral e comprometem negativamente a qualidade de vida e geram impactos biopsicossociais. Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre a capacidade funcional e a qualidade de vida de adultos e idosos com feridas crônicas. Métodos: Estudo transversal com 135 acometidas por feridas crônicas cadastradas nos serviços de atenção primária à saúde de um município de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Para a coleta de dados realizada no período de 2017 a 2018, utilizaram-se os instrumentos i) Cardiff Wound Impact Schedule que foi traduzido, adaptado culturalmente e validado para a língua portuguesa do Brasil; ii) Índice de Katz e iii) questionário sociodemográfico com informações sobre o perfil de saúde/doença e características das feridas. Resultados: Houve predomínio de participantes do sexo feminino (59,3%), com idade acima de 60 anos (70,4%) e até 4 anos de estudo (72,6%). No questionário Cardiff Wound Impact Schedule, o domínio com menor pontuação foi o de bem-estar (média 45,6 ± 18,2). Na avaliação da funcionalidade realizada por meio do Índice de Katz, destaca-se que 30 (22,2%) pessoas foram consideradas dependentes para tomar banho e 33 (24,4%) necessitavam de ajuda para se locomover. Houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre as seguintes variáveis independentes do Índice de Katz e do Cardiff Wound Impact Schedule para "vida social" e "banho", "vida social" e "vestir-se", "vida social" e "higiene pessoal", "vida social" e "locomoção", "vida social" e "alimentação", "sintomas físicos e vida diária" e "vestir-se", "bem-estar" e "continência". Conclusão: A incapacidade funcional está associada à diminuição da qualidade de vida de adultos e idosos com feridas crônicas (AU).

Introdução: As feridas crônicas afetam a população em geral e comprometem negativamente a qualidade de vida e geram impactos biopsicossociais. Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre a capacidade funcional e a qualidade de vida de adultos e idosos com feridas crônicas. Métodos: Estudo transversal com 135 acometidas por feridas crôni-cas cadastradas nos serviços de atenção primária à saúde de um município de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Para a coleta de dados realizada no período de 2017 a 2018, utilizaram-se os instrumentos i) Cardiff Wound Impact Schedule que foi traduzido, adaptado culturalmente e validado para a língua portuguesa do Brasil; ii) Índice de Katz e iii) questio-nário sociodemográfico com informações sobre o perfil de saúde/doença e características das feridas. Resultados: Houve predomínio de participantes do sexo feminino (59,3%), com idade acima de 60 anos (70,4%) e até 4 anos de estudo (72,6%). No questionário Cardiff Wound Impact Schedule, o domínio com menor pontuação foi o de bem-estar (média 45,6 ± 18,2). Na avaliação da funcionalidade realizada por meio do Índice de Katz, destaca-se que 30 (22,2%) pessoas foram consideradas dependentes para tomar banho e 33 (24,4%) necessitavam de ajuda para se locomover. Houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre as seguintes variáveis independentes do Índice de Katz e do Cardiff Wound Impact Schedule para "vida social" e "banho", "vida social" e "vestir-se", "vida social" e "higiene pessoal", "vida social" e "locomoção", "vida social" e "alimentação", "sintomas físicos e vida diária" e "vestir-se", "bem-estar" e "continência". Conclusão: A incapacidade funcional está associada à diminuição da qualidade de vida de adultos e idosos com feridas crônicas (AU).

The PAY test: a new approach for assessing functional performance in children and adolescents with asthma.

OBJECTIVE: To develop, validate, and test the reproducibility of a new test capable of assessing functional performance in children and adolescents (PAY test: Performance Activity in Youth). METHODS: participants without and with asthma were included in the development and validation phases, respectively. The PAY test includes five activities: transition from sitting to standing, walking 10 m, step climbing, shoulder extension and flexion, and star jumps. Participants underwent the Pediatric Glittre test (TGlittre-P test time), modified shuttle test (MST), and cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). OUTCOMES: PAY test and TGlittre-P test times, oxygen uptake (VO2peak), and distance walked in the MST. RESULTS: 8 healthy volunteers, aged 12 (7 - 15) years old were included in the development phase and 34 participants with asthma, aged 11 (7 -14) years old, in the validation phase. The PAY test elicited greater physiological responses (VO2peak 33.5 ± 6.9 mL/kg) than the TGlittre-P (VO2peak: 27.4 ± 9.0 mL/kg), but lower than the MST (VO2peak: 48.9 ± 14.2 mL/kg) and CPET (VO2peak: 42.0 ± 8.8 mL/kg), p < .05. Moderate correlation between the PAY test time and the TGlittre-P time (r = 0.70, p < .001) and distance walked in the MST (r = -0.72, p < .001). The PAY test time was longer in participants with asthma than in healthy participants (3.1 [3.0 - 3.3] min vs. 2.3 [2.1 - 2.4 min]), p < .001.; and the test was reproducible (ICC 0.78, CI 95% 0.55-0.90, p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: The PAY test is a valid and reproducible tool for assessing functional performance in children and adolescents with asthma.

Uso e adesão de equipamentos de proteção individual por residentes: validação de instrumento de medida / Use and adherence to personal protective equipment by residents: validation of a measuring instrument / Uso y adhesión de equipos de protección individual por parte de los residentes: validación de un instrumento de medida

RESUMO Objetivo: Validar o instrumento de medida que avalia o uso e a adesão de equipamentos de proteção individual entre os residentes de saúde. Método: Estudo metodológico desenvolvido em ambiente virtual entre agosto de 2020 e março de 2021 com residentes da atenção primária e hospitalar das cinco regiões do Brasil. Os participantes responderam a versão adaptada para residentes do "E.P.I.-APS". Utilizou-se a análise fatorial confirmatória para validação do instrumento. Resultados: Participaram 227 residentes, sendo maioria mulher cis (82,8%), atuavam na região Sudeste (58,1%) e em atenção hospitalar (47,6%). A estrutura em oito domínios (gorro/touca; luvas; comportamento de segurança; máscara N95; higienização das mãos; avental/capote; máscara cirúrgica; óculos de proteção/protetor facial) foi confirmada. Apenas dois itens com carga fatorial inferior a 0,5 foram mantidos. Conclusão: O instrumento é válido para mensurar o uso e adesão aos equipamentos de proteção individual entre residentes, o que contribui para direcionar a formação e a segurança laboral.

ABSTRACT Objective: To validate the measuring instrument that assesses healthcare residents' use and adherence to personal protective equipment. Method: Methodological study developed in a virtual environment between August 2020 and March 2021 with primary care and hospital residents from the five regions of Brazil. The participants answered the adapted version of the "P.P.E.-PHC" for residents. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to validate the instrument. Results: 227 residents took part, the majority of whom were cis women (82.8%), worked in the Southeast region (58.1%), and in-hospital care (47.6%). The structure in eight domains (cap, gloves, safety behavior, N95 mask, hand hygiene, apron/coat, surgical mask, goggles/face shield) was confirmed. Only two items with a factor load of less than 0.5 were kept. Conclusion: The tool is valid for measuring residents' use of and adherence to personal protective equipment, which helps to guide training and occupational safety.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Validar el instrumento de medición que evalúa el uso y la adhesión de los equipos de protección individual entre los residentes de salud. Método: Estudio metodológico desarrollado en un entorno virtual entre agosto de 2020 y marzo de 2021 con residentes de atención primaria y hospitalaria de las cinco regiones de Brasil. Los participantes respondieron a la versión adaptada del "E.P.I.-APS" para residentes. Se utilizó un análisis factorial confirmatorio para validar el instrumento. Resultados: Participaron 227 residentes, en su mayoría mujeres cis (82,8%), que trabajaban en el sureste (58,1%) y en cuidados hospitalarios (47,6%). Se confirmó la estructura en ocho dominios (gorro; guantes; comportamiento de seguridad; mascarilla N95; higiene de las manos; delantal/abrigo; mascarilla quirúrgica; gafas/protector facial). Sólo se mantuvieron dos ítems con una carga factorial inferior a 0,5. Conclusión: La herramienta es válida para medir el uso y la adhesión de los equipos de protección individual entre los residentes, lo que ayuda a orientar la formación y la seguridad laboral.

Epidemiological indicators of Chagas disease in the metropolitan region of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Chagas disease (CD) is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and transmitted by triatomines. Historical information from the 20th century demonstrates T. cruzi records in the metropolitan region of Salvador (MRS), the third largest urban agglomeration in the Brazilian Northeast and the eighth largest in Brazil, an area with intense migratory activity from CD-endemic regions. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate CD indicators (prevalence and mortality) in the MRS. METHODS: A mixed ecological and descriptive study was conducted using secondary data. We analyzed data from 2008 to 2015: deaths due to CD, self-reported cases of CD, and blood donors that were non-negative for T. cruzi infection. RESULTS: São Francisco do Conde was one of the municipalities with the highest mortality rates due to CD. The seroprevalence rates varied by year and municipality; those with the highest values were 2008: Vera Cruz, 2009: Mata de São João, 2010: Dias D'Ávila, 2011 and 2015: São Francisco do Conde, 2012: São Sebastião do Passé, and 2013 and 2014: Pojuca. Spatial correlations between the municipalities were not detected. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that CD is present in the MRS. The indicators analyzed in the MRS are below-state-level data. Given the importance of indicator analysis for the surveillance and control of CD at the state and national levels, it is important to strengthen the surveillance program at the municipal level, including the regions classified as low risk for T. cruzi vector transmission.

Functional capacity and quality of life in children and adolescents with sickle cell anemia.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the functional and exercise capacity, lung function, quality of life of children and adolescents with sickle cell anemia (SCA HbSS) and to test the reproducibility of functional capacity tests in this population. METHOD: Cross-sectional study with volunteers with SCA Hb-SS (SCAG), aged 6-18 years matched in age and gender to the control group (CG) with healthy individuals. Spirometry, 5-repetition sit-to-stand test (5STS-test), modified shuttle test (MST), and Pediatric Quality of Life Questionnaire (PedsQL) were performed. The reproducibility of 5STS-test and MST was evaluated: RESULTS: Forty eight volunteers of SCAG and 48 of CG were evaluated. Lung function of SCAG (FVC: 92 ± 15% pred.; FEV1 /FVC: 84 ± 8% pred.) was worse than the CG (104 ± 15% pred.; FEV1 /FVC: 90 ± 6% pred.) p < 0.05. SCAG had worse functional capacity registered by distance walked: 576 m (515-672 m) and 5STS-test: 8 s (7.4-8.9 s) compared with the CG who showed distance walked: 1010 m (887-1219 m) and 5STS-test: 7 s (7.0-8.1 s), p < 0.001. SCAG had worse quality of life compared to CG, p < 0.05. The reproducibility of MST (ICC 0.99 (0.98-0.99 IC-95%)) and 5STS-test (ICC 0.80 (0.69-0.88) was considered good, p < 0.001. CONCLUSION: Children and adolescents with sickle cell anemia presented worse capacity to walk or run, and to perform sit-to-stand test when compared with their control peers. Additionally, they have poorer quality of life. The MST and 5STS-test showed good reproducibility to be applied in pediatric individuals with SCA.

Clinical features and physiotherapy management for COVID-19 in children.

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 has quickly become a worldwide threat to health, travel, and commerce. Studies adressing the clinical-functional presentation of viral infection and physiotherapy management in children are scarce. The purpose statement was to provide current perspectives on the physiotherapy interventions for managing children based on COVID-19 evidence. METHODS: In this review, databases were searched between January 1, and March 26, 2020. The following descriptors were considered in the electronic databases National Library of Medicine (PubMed/Medline), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro): (novel Coronavirus), (novel corona virus), Coronavirus, (corona vírus), 2019-nCoV, nCovor, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2. The results were described through the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. RESULTS: Sixteen papers were included in this review. COVID-19 seems to lead to restriction of participation and interfere in tasks, such as recreation and leisure activities, respiratory muscle function and exercise tolerance. Personal protective equipments and contact precautions are important part of treatment. Effective oxygen therapy should be given immediately in presence of hypoxia. Nasal high-flow oxygen therapy, noninvasive ventilation, lung-protective ventilation strategies and prone position, should be undertaken when necessary under appropriate conditions. Airway clearance techniques should be administered only strictly needed and early activities must be encouraged. CONCLUSIONS: Potential physiotherapy interventions for children with COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 consist of ventilatory management, airway clearance techniques and early activities and mobilization.

Epidemiological indicators of Chagas disease in the metropolitan region of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

ABSTRACT Background: Chagas disease (CD) is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and transmitted by triatomines. Historical information from the 20th century demonstrates T. cruzi records in the metropolitan region of Salvador (MRS), the third largest urban agglomeration in the Brazilian Northeast and the eighth largest in Brazil, an area with intense migratory activity from CD-endemic regions. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate CD indicators (prevalence and mortality) in the MRS. Methods: A mixed ecological and descriptive study was conducted using secondary data. We analyzed data from 2008 to 2015: deaths due to CD, self-reported cases of CD, and blood donors that were non-negative for T. cruzi infection. Results: São Francisco do Conde was one of the municipalities with the highest mortality rates due to CD. The seroprevalence rates varied by year and municipality; those with the highest values were 2008: Vera Cruz, 2009: Mata de São João, 2010: Dias D'Ávila, 2011 and 2015: São Francisco do Conde, 2012: São Sebastião do Passé, and 2013 and 2014: Pojuca. Spatial correlations between the municipalities were not detected. Conclusions: We conclude that CD is present in the MRS. The indicators analyzed in the MRS are below-state-level data. Given the importance of indicator analysis for the surveillance and control of CD at the state and national levels, it is important to strengthen the surveillance program at the municipal level, including the regions classified as low risk for T. cruzi vector transmission.

Primary health care essential and derivative attributes in children and adolescents with leprosy / Atributos esenciales y derivados de la atención primaria de la salud en niños y adolescentes con lepra / Atributos essenciais e derivados da atenção primária à saúde em crianças e adolescentes com hanseníase

ABSTRACT Objective: to assess the presence and extension of Primary Health Care essential and derivative attributes in the assistance provided to children and adolescents with leprosy. Method: a cross-sectional study of an evaluative nature, with a quantitative approach. The information was obtained through interviews with nurses and physicians (n=37) working at Primary Health Care units in the care of children and adolescents with leprosy in the municipality of Parauapebas, Pará, Brazil, between October 2021 and February 2022. Mean, minimum, maximum and standard deviation values were used in the descriptive analyses, as well as the Levene test, Student's t-test. Pearson's Correlation Coefficient and a 5% confidence level. Results: 45.9% of the study participants had attended up to two training programs in leprosy care and 32.4% were trained in minors with the disease. When analyzing the mean values of each attribute, low orientation of the service provided and lower values of the general mean were observed in the analysis of attributes related to Access and Continued Care (score 3.4, SD±1.3; and score 3.8, SD±1.7 respectively). There was a regular positive correlation in most of the evaluated attributes and a significant strong positive correlation between care coordination and Professional/Community Orientation: r=0.601 and r=0.651, respectively. Conclusion: there is evidence of weaknesses in health care for children and adolescents with leprosy related to low service orientation; however, qualification in Care coordination exerts a positive influence on Professional orientation and Community orientation with an impact on service surveillance.

RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar la presencia y la extensión de los atributos esenciales y derivados de la Atención Primaria de la Salud en la asistencia de niños y adolescentes con lepra. Método: estudio transversal, de naturaleza evaluativa y enfoque cuantitativo. Toda la información se obtuvo por medio de entrevistas realizadas entre octubre de 2021 y febrero de 2022 con enfermeros e médicos (n=37) que trabajan en unidades de Atención Primaria de la Salud en la asistencia de niños y adolescentes con lepra del municipio de Parauapebas, Pará, Brasil. En los análisis descriptivos se utilizaron los valores de media, mínimo, máximo y desvío estándar, además de las pruebas de Levene y t de Student, el Coeficiente de Correlación de Pearson y nivel de confianza del 5%. Resultados: el 45,9% de los participantes del estudio había asistido a un máximo de dos programas de capacitación en la atención de enfermos de lepra y el 32,4% se había capacitado en menores de edad que sufren el problema. Al analizar las medias de los valores de cada atributo, se observó escasa orientación del servicio prestado y valores inferiores a la media general en el análisis de los atributos relacionados con Acceso y Asistencia continuada (puntuación de 3,4; DE±1,3; y 3,8 DE±1,7 respectivamente). Se observó una correlación positiva regular en la mayoría de los atributos evaluados y una fuerte correlación y significativa entre Coordinación de la asistencia y Orientación profesional/comunitaria: r=0,601 y r=0,651, respectivamente. Conclusión: se detecta evidencia de debilidades en la atención de la salud en niños y adolescentes con lepra relacionadas a la escasa orientación del servicio; sin embargo, la calificación en la Coordinación de la asistencia ejerce una influencia positiva positivamente sobre la Orientación profesional y la Orientación comunitaria, con un efecto en la vigilancia de los servicios.

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar a presença e extensão dos atributos essenciais e derivados da Atenção Primária à Saúde no atendimento à criança e ao adolescente com hanseníase. Método: estudo transversal, de natureza avaliativa, com abordagem quantitativa. As informações foram obtidas por meio de entrevistas com enfermeiros e médicos (n=37) atuantes em unidades da atenção primária à saúde no atendimento à criança e ao adolescente com hanseníase no município de Parauapebas, Pará, Brasil, entre os meses de outubro de 2021 a fevereiro de 2022. Utilizou-se nas análises descritivas os valores de média, mínimo, máximo e desvio padrão, e os testes de Levene, Teste t- Student e Coeficiente de Correlação de Pearson e nível de confiança de 5%. Resultados: dos participantes do estudo, 45,9% possuíam até dois treinamentos em cuidados com hanseníase e 32,4% com capacitação em menores com o agravo. Ao analisar as médias dos valores de cada atributo, observou-se baixa orientação do serviço prestado e valores inferiores da média geral na análise dos atributos relativos ao Acesso e Atendimento continuado (score 3,4; DP±1,3 e 3,8 DP±1,7 respectivamente). Observou-se correlação positiva regular na maioria dos atributos avaliados e correlação positiva forte significativa entre coordenação do cuidado com Orientação Profissional/Comunitária, respectivamente (r= 0,601) e (r= 0,651). Conclusão: há evidências de fragilidades nos cuidados de saúde em crianças e adolescentes com hanseníase relacionados à baixa orientação do serviço, contudo, a qualificação na Coordenação do Cuidado influencia positivamente na Orientação Profissional e na Orientação Comunitária com impacto na vigilância dos serviços.

Prediction equation of peak oxygen uptake for the modified shuttle test in healthy adolescents / Equação de predição do consumo máximo de oxigênio para o shuttle test modificado em adolescentes saudáveis / Ecuación de predicción del consumo máximo de oxígeno para el shuttle test modificado en adolescentes sanos

ABSTRACT Given the gap in the literature regarding the peak of oxygen consumption (VO2peak) for adolescents of both sexes, this study aimed to propose an equation to predict the VO2peak in healthy adolescents using the Modified Shuttle Test (MST). This is a cross-sectional study with 84 healthy adolescents between 12 and 18 years old, female and male. The MST is an external paced test, in which the speed increases at each minute. Two MST were performed with at least 30 minutes of rest between them. The test with the longest walked distance was considered for analysis. VO2 was directly monitored by an open circuit spirometry. Mean age was 14.67±1.82 and the walked distance was 864.86±263.48m. Variables included in the prediction equation were walked distance and sex, explaining the VO2peak variability of 53% during MST performance. The prediction equation for VO2peak with the MST was: predicted VO2peak=18.274+(0.18×Distance Walked, meters)+(7.733×Sex); R2=0.53 and p<0.0001 (sex: 0 for girls, 1 for boys). This MST equation, proposed to predict VO2peak in healthy adolescents of both sexes, can be used as a reference to assess exercise capacity in healthy adolescents and to investigate cardiopulmonary function in adolescents with reduced functional capacity.

RESUMO Dada a lacuna na literatura quanto à equação de predição do pico de consumo de oxigênio (VO2) para adolescentes de ambos os sexos, o objetivo deste estudo é propor uma equação para predizer o VO2pico em adolescentes saudáveis utilizando o shuttle test modificado (MST). Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado com 84 adolescentes saudáveis entre 12 e 18 anos, do sexo feminino e masculino. O MST é um teste de campo ditado por um sinal sonoro que indica o aumento da velocidade a cada minuto. Dois MSTs foram realizados com pelo menos 30 minutos de descanso entre eles. O teste com a maior distância percorrida foi o considerado para análise. O VO2 foi monitorado diretamente por uma espirometria de circuito aberto. A média de idade foi de 14,67±1,82 anos, e a de distância percorrida foi de 864,86±263,48m. As variáveis incluídas na equação de predição foram distância percorrida e sexo, que explicaram 53% da variabilidade do VO2pico durante a realização do MST. A equação de referência para o VO2pico previsto com o MST foi VO2pico predito=18,274+(0,18×Distância percorrida, em metros)+(7,733×Sexo); R2=0,53 e p<0,0001 (sexo: 0 para meninas, 1 para meninos). A equação do MST proposta para predizer o VO2pico em adolescentes saudáveis de ambos os sexos pode ser usada como referência para avaliar a capacidade de exercício em adolescentes saudáveis e investigar a função cardiopulmonar em adolescentes com capacidade funcional reduzida.

RESUMEN Dada una laguna en la literatura con respecto a la ecuación para predecir el consumo máximo de oxígeno (VO2) en adolescentes de ambos sexos, el objetivo de este estudio es proponer una ecuación para predecir el VO2máximo en adolescentes sanos usando el shuttle test modificado (MST). Se trata de un estudio transversal, realizado con 84 adolescentes sanos con edades entre 12 y 18 años, de ambos sexos. El MST es una prueba de campo dictada por una señal sonora que indica el aumento de velocidad cada minuto. Se realizaron dos MST con al menos 30 minutos de descanso entre ellos. Para el análisis se consideró la prueba con mayor distancia recorrida. El monitoreo del VO2 fue realizado directamente por espirometría de circuito abierto. La edad media fue de 14,67±1,82 años; y la distancia recorrida, de 864,86±263,48m. Las variables incluidas en la ecuación de predicción fueron la distancia recorrida y el sexo, que explicaron el 53% de la variabilidad del VO2máximo durante la realización del MST. La ecuación de referencia para el VO2máximo predicho con el MST fue VO2máximo previsto=18,274+(0,18×Distancia recorrida, en metros)+(7,733×Sexo); R2=0,53 y p<0,0001 (sexo: 0 para chicas, 1 para chicos). La ecuación MST propuesta para predecir el VO2máximo en adolescentes sanos de ambos sexos puede utilizarse como una referencia para evaluar la capacidad de ejercicio en adolescentes sanos y para investigar la función cardiopulmonar en adolescentes con capacidad funcional reducida.

The PAY test: a new approach for assessing functional performance in children and adolescents with asthma

Abstract Objective: To develop, validate, and test the reproducibility of a new test capable of assessing functional performance in children and adolescents (PAY test: Performance Activity in Youth). Methods: participants without and with asthma were included in the development and validation phases, respectively. The PAY test includes five activities: transition from sitting to standing, walking 10 m, step climbing, shoulder extension and flexion, and star jumps. Participants underwent the Pediatric Glittre test (TGlittre-P test time), modified shuttle test (MST), and cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). Outcomes: PAY test and TGlittre-P test times, oxygen uptake (VO2peak), and distance walked in the MST. Results: 8 healthy volunteers, aged 12 (7 -15) years old were included in the development phase and 34 participants with asthma, aged 11 (7-14) years old, in the validation phase. The PAY test elicited greater physiological responses (VO2peak 33.5 ± 6.9 mL/kg) than the TGlittre-P (VO2peak: 27.4 ± 9.0 mL/kg), but lower than the MST (VO2peak: 48.9 ± 14.2 mL/kg) and CPET (VO2peak: 42.0 ± 8.8 mL/kg), p < .05. Moderate correlation between the PAY test time and the TGlittre-P time (r = 0.70, p < .001) and distance walked in the MST (r = -0.72, p < .001). The PAY test time was longer in participants with asthma than in healthy participants (3.1 [3.0 - 3.3] min vs. 2.3 [2.1 - 2.4 min]), p < .001.; and the test was reproducible (ICC 0.78, CI 95% 0.55-0.90, p < .001). Conclusions: The PAY test is a valid and reproducible tool for assessing functional performance in children and adolescents with asthma.

Práticas intersetoriais na atenção primária à saúde: da concretude aos desafios / Intersectoral practices in primary health care: from achievement to challenges / Prácticas intersectoriales en atención primaria de salud: del concreto a los desafíos

Objetivo: compreender a concretude e os desafios das práticas intersetoriais na Atenção Primária a Saúde. Método: pesquisa qualitativa desenvolvida em um município brasileiro de médio porte no período de fevereiro a julho de 2018. A fonte de evidência foi a entrevista semiestruturada com 59 profissionais e gestores ligados à Atenção Primária a Saúde e os dados foram analisados segundo a Análise de Conteúdo Temática. Resultados: a intersetorialidade é concretizada perante a demanda dos usuários por cuidado integral na Atenção Primária a Saúde. O Núcleo Ampliado de Saúde da Família e as Equipes de Saúde da Família buscam os arranjos necessários para formação de rede intrasetorial ou intersetorial. Conclusão: percebeu-se o papel primordial da gestão para indução das ações intersetoriais nos territórios, como o fomento à inserção de práticas intersetoriais na agenda de trabalho; e em espaços de construção coletiva enquanto potencializadores das políticas públicas

Objective: to understand the concreteness and challenges of intersectoral practices in Primary Health Care. Method: qualitative research developed in a medium-sized Brazilian municipality from February to July 2018. The source of evidence was the semi-structured interview with 59 professionals and managers linked to Primary Health Care and the data were analyzed according to the Thematic Content Analysis. Results: intersectoriality is realized in view of the users' demand for comprehensive care in Primary Health Care. The Extended Family Health Center and Family Health Teams seek the necessary arrangements for the formation of an intrasectoral or intersectoral network. Conclusion: it was perceived the primary role of management to induce intersectoral actions in the territories, such as promoting the insertion of intersectoral practices in the work agenda; and in spaces of collective construction as potentializers of public policies

Objetivo: comprender la concreción y los desafíos de las prácticas intersectoriales en Atención Primaria de Salud. Método:investigación cualitativa desarrollada en un municipio brasileño de tamaño mediano de febrero a julio de 2018. La fuente de evidencia fue la entrevista semiestructurada con 59 profesionales y gerentes vinculados a la Atención Primaria de Salud y los datos fueron analizados según el Análisis de Contenido Temático. Resultados: la intersectorialidad se concreta ante la demanda de atención integral de los usuarios en Atención Primaria de Salud El Centro de Salud de la Familia Extendida y los Equipos de Salud de la Familia buscan los arreglos necesarios para la conformación de una red intrasectorial o intersectorial. Conclusión: se percibió el rol primordial de la gestión para inducir acciones intersectoriales en los territorios, tales como promover la inserción de prácticas intersectoriales en la agenda de trabajo; y en espacios de construcción colectiva como potencializadores de políticas públicas

New reference values for maximum respiratory pressures in healthy Brazilian children following guidelines recommendations: A regional study.

OBJECTIVE: To determine reference values for maximum static respiratory pressures in healthy children from a Brazilian region, following recommendations of the European Respiratory Society (ERS) and the Brazilian Society of Pneumology and Tisiology (SBPT). METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted with healthy children (6 to 11 years) of both sexes. The maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressures (PImax and PEmax, respectively) were measured using a digital manometer. Each child performed a minimum of three and a maximum of five maneuvers; three acceptable and reproducible maneuvers were considered for analysis. Minimum time for each maneuver was 1.5 seconds, with a one-second plateau, and one minute of rest between them. A stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was conducted for PImax and PEmax, considering correlations between independent variables: age, weight, and sex. RESULTS: We included 121 children (62 girls [51%]). Boys reached higher values for maximum respiratory pressures than girls. Respiratory pressures increased with age showing moderate effect sizes (PImax: f = 0.36; PEmax: f = 0.30) between the stratified age groups (6-7, 8-9, and 10-11 years). Age and sex were included in the PImax equation (PImax = 24.630 + 7.044 x age (years) + 13.161 x sex; R2 = 0.189). PEmax equations were built considering age for girls and weight for boys [PEmax (girls) = 55.623 + 4.698 x age (years) and PEmax (boys) = 82.617 + 0.612 x weight (kg); R2 = 0.068]. CONCLUSIONS: This study determined new reference equations for maximal respiratory pressures in healthy Brazilian children, following ERS and SBPT recommendations.

Pandemia e tecnossocialidade modificam o quotidiano de profissionais de saúde / Pandemic and techno-sociality modify the daily life of healthcare professionals / La pandemia y la tecnosocialidad modifican el cotidiano de los profesionales de la salud

Objetivo: compreender a tecnossocialidade no quotidiano de profissionais de saúde da Atenção Primária à Saúde e de unidades de referência na pandemia de COVID-19. Método: estudo integrado-qualitativo, por meio de casos múltiplos, fundamentado na Sociologia Compreensiva do Quotidiano, realizado com 47 profissionais da saúde. Resultados: com a pandemia, muitas ações em saúde foram interrompidas ou readaptadas para o formato online, mediante o uso da tecnossocialidade para realizar grupos com usuários, reuniões com a gestão, capacitações profissionais, busca de informações em saúde e comunicação com a família e amigos. Apesar de as tecnologias em saúde e redes sociais virtuais serem passíveis ao cuidado à saúde e muito utilizadas em tempos de COVID-19, revelam-se incapazes de substituir o contato presencial. Conclusões: as redes sociais virtuais e tecnologias fortalecidas, ao longo da pandemia, pela efetividade de sua utilização para garantia do distanciamento social, possibilitam atenção segura facilitando o cotidiano de trabalho dos profissionais, dos usuários e a organização das ações nos serviços de saúde.

Objective: to understand techno-sociality in the daily lives of personnel in primary health care and referral units during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods: this integrated, qualitative, multiple-case study of 47 health professionals was based on the Comprehensive Sociology of Everyday Life. Results: with the pandemic, many health actions were interrupted or adapted to the online format by using techno-sociality to conduct user groups, management meetings, training, health information searches, and communication with relatives and friends. Although health technologies and virtual social networks can be deployed in health care and have been widely used in the COVID-19 pandemic, they have proven unable to replace face-to-face contact. Conclusion: virtual social networks and technologies were strengthened during the pandemic, given their effectiveness in ensuring social distance, allowing safe care, facilitating the day-to-day work of health personnel and users, and the organization of actions in health services.

Objetivo: comprender la tecnosocialidad en el cotidiano de los profesionales de la salud en la Atención Primaria de Salud y en las unidades de referencia en la pandemia de la COVID-19. Método: estudio integrado-cualitativo, por medio de casos múltiples, basado en la Sociología de la Vida Cotidiana, realizado junto a 47 profesionales de la salud. Resultados: con la pandemia, muchas acciones de salud fueron interrumpidas o readaptadas al formato 'remoto', mediante el uso de la tecnosocialidad para formar grupos con usuarios, reuniones con directivos, brindar formación profesional, buscar de información en salud y comunicarse con familiares y amigos. Si bien las tecnologías en la salud y las redes sociales virtuales son pasibles a la atención médica y ampliamente utilizadas en tiempos de COVID-19, se muestran incapaces de remplazar el contacto presencial. Conclusion: las redes sociales virtuales y tecnologías fortalecidas a lo largo la pandemia, por la efectividad de su utilización para garantizar el distanciamiento social, permiten una atención segura, facilitando el trabajo de los profesionales, los usuarios y la organización de las acciones en los servicios de salud.

A promoção de práticas intersetoriais no cotidiano da atenção primária à saúde: quais caminhos? / La promoción de prácticas intersectoriales en el día a día de la atención primaria de salud: ¿qué caminos? / Promotion of intersectoral practices in primary health care: whats ways?

Objetivo: Compreender a intersetorialidade no cotidiano da Estratégia Saúde da Família e do Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família e Atenção Básica. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa realizada em um município de médio porte de Minas Gerais. A coleta de dados foi realizada, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, aplicada a 59 profissionais. Para interpretar os dados, adotou-se a análise de conteúdo. Resultados: A intersetorialidade se apresenta com a proatividade dos atores da Estratégia Saúde da Família, identificando a demanda e convocando o Núcleo Ampliado de Saúde da Família e Atenção Básica, para juntos pensarem a resolutividade, o que sinaliza o potencial articulador desse núcleo, para favorecer os arranjos necessários à formação de rede intrasetorial ou intersetorial. Conclusão: A produção de ações intrasetoriais e intersetoriais exige a formação de gestores e profissionais,para o planejamento, monitoramento e avaliação dessas práticas, para o alcance de resultados adequados perante os determinantes sociais da saúde.

Objective: To understand the intersectoriality in the daily life of the Family Health Strategy and Support Center for Family Health and Primary Care. Method: Qualitative research developed in a medium-sized municipality in Minas Gerais. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews applied to 59 professionals. To interpret the data, content analysis was adopted. Results: Intersectoriality happens when Family Health Strategy workers identify the demand and call the Support Center for Family Health and Primary Care to reflect upon resolvability, which also demonstrates the potential of this center to articulate the necessary arrangements for the formation of an intersectoral network. Conclusion: The performance of intrasectoral and intersectoral actionsrequires the training of managers and professionals to plan, monitor and evaluate these practices, and achieve adequate results in face of the social determinants of health.

Objetivo: Comprender la intersectorialidad en la vida diaria de la Estrategia de Salud de la Familia y del Centro de Apoyo a la Salud de la Familia y Atención Primaria. Método: Investigación cualitativa realizada en un municipio mediano de Minas Gerais. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas aplicadas a 59 profesionales. Para interpretar los datos se adoptó el análisis de contenido. Resultados: La intersectorialidad se presenta con la proactividad de los actores de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia, identificando la demanda y convocando al Núcleo Extendido de Salud de la Familia y Atención Primaria a pensar juntos en la resolubilidad, lo que señala el potencial articulador de este núcleo para favorecer los arreglos necesarios para la formación de una red intrasectorial o intersectorial. Conclusión: La producción de acciones intrasectoriales e intersectoriales requiere la formación de administradores y profesionales para planificar, monitorizar y evaluar estas prácticas con el fin de lograr resultados adecuados frente a los determinantes sociales de la salud.

Clinical factors associated with abnormal general movements of preterm newborns during hospitalization in a neonatal intensive care unit.

INTRODUCTION: There is no clarity about which clinical variables during hospitalization in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) are associated with abnormal General Movements (GMs). OBJECTIVE: To describe the trajectory of GMs of preterm newborns and explore the association between clinical variables and the presence of abnormal GMs during the NICU stay. METHODS: Fifty-eight preterm newborns (33 males), with a mean gestational age at birth of 31,93 week's postmenstrual age, were evaluated using the GMs assessment by Hadders-Algra method. Clinical variables recorded weekly throughout the hospitalization period. The weekly association between clinical variables and the presence of abnormal GMs was tested using the Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) model. RESULTS: Preterm infants were recorded for up to sixteen weeks and more than half of the infants (56.9 %) had abnormal movements in at least one week during hospitalization. The absence of peri-intraventricular hemorrhage (PIVH) grades I-II and non-invasive ventilatory support and/or oxygen therapy on the day of the evaluation reduced, respectively, by 77.3 % (OR = 0.23; p > 0.0001) and 64.3 % (OR = 0.36; p > 0.0001) the chance of having an abnormal classification. In addition, each day of increased invasive mechanical ventilation increased the chance of having an abnormal classification by 1.11 times (OR = 0.025; p > 0.0001). CONCLUSION: PIVH grades I-II, longer durations of mechanical ventilation and the presence of non-invasive ventilatory support and/or oxygen therapy are associated with abnormal movements during stay in the neonatal period. The data suggest that development outcome of infants having these conditions should be closely monitored.

Perfil epidemiológico da hanseníase no município de Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, 2011 a 2019 / Epidemiological profile of leprosy in the municipality of Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, 2011 to 2019

Objetivo: Analisar o perfil epidemiológico da hanseníase no município de Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, entre os anos de 2011 a 2019. Método: Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, descritivo, que utilizou dados secundários disponíveis em acesso aberto na Sala de Apoio à Gestão Estratégica e no Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde referentes aos casos confirmados e notificados da hanseníase de residentes no município de Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, no período de 2011 a 2019. Resultados: No período do estudo foram notificados 57 casos de hanseníase, todos em pessoas acima de 20 anos, sendo a maioria em homens (50,9%), de raça/cor parda (49,1%) e com ensino fundamental incompleto (26,3%). A forma clínica predominante foi a dimorfa (38,4%) seguido pela tuberculoide (29,8%), classificação operacional multibacilar (56,2%), sendo que a maioria dos casos (93%) deram entrada no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) como caso novo. Quanto à avaliação do grau de incapacidade física no diagnóstico, 7% (n=4) dos casos foram notificados com grau 2. No que se refere ao tipo de saída, 87,9% dos casos tiveram alta por cura. Conclusão: Os dados epidemiológicos apontam que o diagnóstico da hanseníase em Divinópolis está sendo realizado tardiamente, o que contribui para manutenção de uma prevalência oculta (AU)

Objective: to analyze the epidemiological profile of leprosy in the municipality of Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, between the years 2011 to 2019. Method: this is an ecological, descriptive study, which used secondary data available in open access in the Strategic Management Support Room and the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System regarding the confirmed and notified cases of leprosy of residents in the municipality of Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, in the period from 2011 to 2019. Results: during the study period, 57 cases of leprosy were reported, all in people over 20 years old, mostly in men (50.9%), of brown race/color (49.1%) and with incomplete elementary school education (26.3%). The predominant clinical form was dimorphic (38.4%) followed by tuberculoid (29.8%), multibacillary operational classification (56.2%), and most cases (93%) were entered in the Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) as new cases. As for the evaluation of the degree of physical disability at diagnosis, 7% (n=4) of cases were reported as grade 2. Regarding the type of output, 87.9% of cases were discharged for cure. Conclusion: the epidemiological data indicate that the diagnosis of leprosy in Divinópolis is being made late, which contributes to the maintenance of a hidden prevalence (AU)