Multi-pollutants (organic and inorganic) removal potential of scenedesmus species on municipal sewage water and analyzed their phycoremediation mechanisms.

Municipal sledge water is a combination of residential wastewater, industrial effluent, and precipitation water. The water quality parameters analyses results demonstrated that most of the parameters (pH: 5.6 ± 0.3, Turbidity: 102.31 ± 2.8 mg L-1, TH: 946.38 ± 3.7 mg L-1, BOD: 295.63 ± 5.4 mg L-1, COD: 482.41 ± 4.9 mg L-1, Ca: 278.74 ± 1.8 mg L-1, SO42-: 559.64 ± 11.4 mg L-1, Cd: 18.56 ± 1.37 mg L-1, Cr: 31.25 ± 1.49 mg L-1, Pb: 21.45 ± 1.12 mg L-1, and Zn: 48.65 ± 1.56 mg L-1) were considerably increased in quantities with slightly acidic in condition. The in-vitro phycoremediation study was carried out for two weeks with pre-identified Scenedesmus sp. Biomass in different groups of treatments (A, B, C, and D). Interestingly, most of the physicochemical parameters were significantly reduced in group C (4 × 103 cells mL-1) treated municipal sludge water in a shorter treatment period than in the other treatment groups. The phycoremediation percentage of group C were found as pH: 32.85%, EC: 52.81%, TDS: 31.32%, TH: 25.58%, BOD: 34.02%, COD: 26.47%, Ni: 58.94%, Ca: 44.75%, K: 42.74%, Mg: 39.52%, Na: 36.55%, Fe: 68%, Cl: 37.03%, SO42-: 16.77%, PO43-: 43.15%, F: 55.55%, Cd:44.88%, Cr:37.21%, Pb:43.8%, and Zn:33.17%. These findings suggest that increased biomass from Scenedesmus sp. can be used to significantly remediate municipal sludge water and that the obtained biomass and treated sludge can be used as feedstock's for bio fuel as well as bio fertilizer, respectively.

Phytoremediation proficiency of Jatropha gossypifolia under the influence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on metal contaminated soil.

This investigation was performed to evaluate the metal pollution and possible phytoremediation on bauxite mine surrounding farmland soil. The quality analysis results revealed that, the soil has been polluted with metals such as Al (13.25 ± 0.54 mg kg-1), Pb (336.18 ± 7.17 mg kg-1), Zn (382.18 ± 3.05 mg kg-1), and Cd (11.32 ± 0.28 mg kg-1) and possess poor essential element content. The test bacterium Pseudomonas aeroginosa showed considerable metal tolerance up to 100 mg kg-1 concentration of metals such as Al, Pb, Zn, and Cd. Besides that, it also possesses essential plant growth promoting traits such as sederophore, IAA, nitrogen fixation, and phosphate solubilization. The test bacterium P. aeroginosa demonstrated optimistic influence on the growth and phytoremediation ability of Jatropha gossypifolia on metal-polluted soil under greenhouse experiment with different treatment groups (I-V). Group I (J. gossypifolia seeds coated with P. aeroginosa) showed outstanding phytoremediation potential on metal polluted soil than other treatment groups. The group I reduced considerable quantity of metals (Al 42.79%, Pb 36.57%, Zn 47.06%, and Cd 39.57%) from the treated soil. It was significantly higher than the remediation potential of other treatment groups (II-V). These findings suggest that P. aeroginosa's metal tolerant and PGP characters can effectively influence the growth and phytoremediation potential of J. gossypifolia on metal polluted soil.

Biosorption potential of viable and dead Aspergillus flavus biomass on polluted pond water.

The State Industries Promotion Corporation of Tamil Nadu Ltd (SIPCOT) Lake is never dry; it is always full of water and was recently used as a waste reservoir by the native peoples and industrialists. Thus, this investigation was performed to assess the quality of the lake water and evaluate the possible biosorption potential of Aspergillus flavus on this lake water sample through batch model biosorption study. The water quality parameters analyses revealed that the lake water has been polluted with number of contaminates which including organic and inorganic. The most of the parameters such as pH (9.5 ± 0.7), turbidity (38 ± 1.1 NT unit), TDS (2350.12 ± 31.24 mg L-1), BOD (40.21 ± 3.27 mg L-1), and COD (278.61 ± 11.84 mg L-1), Ca (212.85 ± 9.64 mg L-1), Fe (3.1 ± 0.8 mg L-1), NH3 (15.62 ± 0.5 mg L-1), NO3-(5.84 ± 0.14 mg L-1), Cl- (1257.85 ± 4.6 mg L-1),Cd (15.64 ± 0.29 mg L-1), Cr (6.86 ± 0.34 mg L-1), Pb (25.61 ± 3.41 mg L-1), and Hg (1.8 ± 0.024 mg L-1) content of water sample were beyond the acceptable limits. Fortunately, the A. flavus dead biomass showed considerable biosorption potential (Cd: 27.5 ± 1.1%, Cr: 13.48 ± 1.2%, Pb: 21.27 ± 1.5%, and Hg: 6.49 ± 0.86% in 180 min of contact time) than viable form on polluted lake water. Since, reduced the quantities of most of the parameters which beyond the permissible limit and also increased remarkable percentage of DO in the water sample in a short period of contact time. These findings suggest that A. flavus dead biomass can be used for bioremediation of polluted water in a sustainable manner.