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1.
Vestn Otorinolaringol ; 87(5): 39-42, 2022.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36404689

RESUMO

The study of vestibular function in patients with Meniere's disease (MD) is an urgent task, since it influences the choice of treatment tactic. We evaluated the results of caloric and video head impulse (vHIT) tests in 76 patients who met the clinical criteria for significant Meniere's disease (AAO-HNS modified by the Barany Society, 2015). Dissociation of the results of caloric and vHIT tests is observed in the majority (74%) of patients with MD: at normal gain, according to vHIT data, hypofunction of peripheral vestibular structures is recorded according to the caloric test (KASL 47 ± 7.8%). In patients with MD, vestibular dysfunction is observed mainly at low frequencies (0.003 Hz), therefore vHIT, which allows assessing horizontal semicircular canal function at high frequencies (3-5 Hz), is not an optimal study for assessing the degree of vestibular dysfunction in patients with MD.


Assuntos
Teste do Impulso da Cabeça , Doença de Meniere , Humanos , Teste do Impulso da Cabeça/métodos , Doença de Meniere/diagnóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Testes Calóricos/métodos , Canais Semicirculares
2.
Vestn Otorinolaringol ; 87(1): 21-26, 2022.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35274888

RESUMO

The results of transtympanic administration of 4 mg dexamethasone in 37 patients with moderate and severe Meniere's disease are presented. The endolymphatic hydrops was detected in all inner ear structures with predominant accumulation in vestibule and semicircular canals by MRI-visualization before therapy. After 1 month of 4 mg dexamethasone transtympanic therapy the hydrops degree decreased. Daily transtympanic administration of 4 mg dexamethasone for a month leads to reduction of vertigo attacks duration and expression in 92% of cases (follow-up period 24 months) and can be considered when conservative therapy is ineffective before destructive surgical interventions.


Assuntos
Hidropisia Endolinfática , Doença de Meniere , Vestíbulo do Labirinto , Dexametasona , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Doença de Meniere/complicações , Doença de Meniere/diagnóstico , Doença de Meniere/tratamento farmacológico
3.
Vestn Otorinolaringol ; 86(6): 4-9, 2021.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34964321

RESUMO

The results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the inner ear 24 hours after intratympanic administration of 1 ml of diluted (1:7) contrast substance for gadolinium-based MRI in 43 patients with moderate and severe Meniere's disease course are presented. It has been revealed that in case of severe and moderate course of Meniere's disease endolymphatic hydrops is presented in all departments of labyrinth: cochlea, vestibule, semicircular canals, but is most pronounced in vestibular department of labyrinth: horizontal semicircular canal and vestibule. The neuroimaging method according to the presented protocol is safe and can be applied in a wide practice both to assess the presence and localization, and the degree of expression of the endolymphatic hydrops.


Assuntos
Hidropisia Endolinfática , Doença de Meniere , Vestíbulo do Labirinto , Meios de Contraste , Hidropisia Endolinfática/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Doença de Meniere/diagnóstico por imagem , Neuroimagem
4.
Vestn Otorinolaringol ; 86(5): 4-11, 2021.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34783466

RESUMO

The results of a comprehensive examination of 82 patients with clinical signs of definite Ménière's disease, unilateral lesion and confirmed by extratympanic electrocochleography endolymphatic hydrops are presented. The results of the study showed that only 38% of patients had cochleovestibular syndrome due to Ménière's disease. In 45% of patients, Ménière's disease was combined with other diseases: benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, vestibular migraine, persistent postural-perceptual dizziness, superior semicircular canal dehiscence. In 17% of patients cochleovestibular syndrome was due to other reasons: vestibular migraine, tumor of the posterior cranial fossa, superior canal dehiscence syndrome, Cogan's syndrome, enlarged vestibular aqueduct, otosclerosis. Complaints, medical history of the disease and life, brain MRI, temporal bone CT and pure tone audiometry in dynamics are important in suspected Ménière's disease. For 1 and 2 Ménière's disease stages the most important characteristic are: progressive unilateral sensorineural hearing loss and reduced slow faze velocity values of caloric nystagmus in dynamics, mainly in warm response if attacks of vertigo is maintain; normal head impulse test between vertigo attacks and pathological result of this test in attack of vertigo with the normalization of gain during the first day.


Assuntos
Hidropisia Endolinfática , Doença de Meniere , Audiometria de Resposta Evocada , Vertigem Posicional Paroxística Benigna , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Doença de Meniere/diagnóstico
5.
Vestn Otorinolaringol ; 85(5): 83-87, 2020.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33140941

RESUMO

The article deals with the basic theories of maze and labyrinth hydrops, which are often used in clinical practice for its diagnosis according to the world literature. Tonal threshold, suprathreshold audiometry, broadband thympanometry, ultrasound tests, test for determination of lateralization of loud sounds, dehydration test, extra-timbanical electrocochleography, method of registration of evoked vestibular myogenic potentials, study of vestibular function (video pulse test, caloric sample), CT of temporal bones with gadolinium, MRI, and other methods are considered. None of these study methods gives an accurate confirmation of the presence of maze hydrops. Only taking into account the history, complaints of the patient, clinical manifestations of the disease and a comprehensive evaluation of the results of all the above methods of study can we speak with confidence about hydropse.


Assuntos
Hidropisia Endolinfática , Doença de Meniere , Potenciais Evocados Miogênicos Vestibulares , Vestíbulo do Labirinto , Audiometria de Resposta Evocada , Cóclea , Hidropisia Endolinfática/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos
6.
Vestn Otorinolaringol ; 84(6): 108-111, 2019.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32027333

RESUMO

Sensorineural hearing loss can develop as a consequence of vascular pathology. The etiology and pathogenesis of chronic sensorineural hearing loss allow us to consider promising the use of neuroprotective drugs in the treatment regimen that can activate the function of the neural structures of the auditory pathway. Ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate, having complex pharmacological capabilities and a wide range of effects realized at the neural and vascular levels can be used in the treatment of hearing impairment and speech intelligibility.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes , Transtornos Cerebrovasculares , Perda Auditiva Neurossensorial , Picolinas , Antioxidantes/uso terapêutico , Limiar Auditivo , Transtornos Cerebrovasculares/complicações , Transtornos Cerebrovasculares/tratamento farmacológico , Perda Auditiva Neurossensorial/complicações , Perda Auditiva Neurossensorial/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Picolinas/uso terapêutico , Inteligibilidade da Fala
7.
Vestn Otorinolaringol ; 84(6): 132-136, 2019.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32027336

RESUMO

The results of treatment of 38 patients suffering from sensorineural hearing loss with the Gliatilin (solution 3 ml intravenously for 10 days, capsules 400 mg 3 times a day or solution for ingestion 600 mg 2 times a day for 3 months) are presented. All patients in dynamics were given a comprehensive audiological, neurological examination, as well as an assessment of psycho-emotional status and cognitive function. Subjective improvement of ear noise tolerance by patients by 40 days of observation and continuation of this trend during the whole period (100 days) outside of the form of the medicinal preparation is noted. A reliable improvement in the 50% speech intelligibility threshold by day 100 of observation was established in patients of both groups, with a tendency towards earlier (on day 70 of the study) onset of this effect when taking the drug inside as a solution. The Gliatilin has been proven to reduce anxiety and depression, as well as reliably improve cognitive function. Thus, Gliatilin (injection solution, ingestion solution, capsules) can be used to improve the subjective tolerance of ear noise, speech intelligibility and quality of life of patients in chronic sensorineural hearing loss.


Assuntos
Perda Auditiva Neurossensorial , Zumbido , Limiar Auditivo , Perda Auditiva Neurossensorial/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Qualidade de Vida , Inteligibilidade da Fala , Zumbido/tratamento farmacológico
8.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26601501

RESUMO

In the current work we conducted the comparative analysis of P100 and N170 components of ERPs in abstinent cannabinoid users and in healthy controls during the modified Stroop task. The latency of P100 and N170 components was shorter in the temporal, parietal and occipital areas in abstinent cannabinoid users in comparison with the control subjects. The cannabinoid group showed the decrease of P100 amplitude in the right temporal and parietal areas and the decrease of N170 amplitude in the left temporal and parietal areas. There were no differences in the behavioral indices between these two groups. Thus, cannabinoids influence upon the mechanisms of early selection and these alterations of brain activity are stable and long-term.


Assuntos
Canabinoides/efeitos adversos , Eletroencefalografia , Potenciais Evocados/fisiologia , Adulto , Mapeamento Encefálico , Humanos , Masculino
9.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25464755

RESUMO

In the current work we review the research on the effects of exogenous cannabinoids. Exogenous cannabinoids probably disrupt the normal functioning of cannabinoid receptors and area of the brain in which they are located, and this disruption is reflected in the change of related functions. Particular attention is drawn to the research of brain electrical activity in cannabis users. These studies can be divided into two directions--the study of acute and of long-term effects. Principal acute effects of cannabis are: reduction in the power of the theta oscillations, and the decrease in the amplitude of P300. The results of studies of long-term effects are contradictory: some studies indicate a reduction of adverse effects during disuse. Other studies give reason to believe that cognitive disorders associated with chronic use of cannabinoids are stable and long-term.


Assuntos
Mapeamento Encefálico , Encéfalo/fisiopatologia , Canabinoides/uso terapêutico , Transtornos Cognitivos/fisiopatologia , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Transtornos Cognitivos/diagnóstico , Transtornos Cognitivos/tratamento farmacológico , Eletroencefalografia , Humanos , Receptores de Canabinoides/metabolismo , Ritmo Teta
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