Relación entre el perfil oxidativo y el índice de diversidad de la dieta en adultos mayores de una zona urbano-marginal de Costa Rica / Relationship between the oxidative profile and the diet diversity index in older adults in an urban-marginal area of Costa Rica

Antecedentes y objetivo A mayor edad, mayor producción de especies reactivas de oxígeno y mayor estrés oxidativo, lo que se relaciona con el deterioro de la salud. Esta investigación analizó la relación entre el perfil oxidativo y el índice de diversidad de la dieta en una población urbano-marginal de adultos mayores de Costa Rica. Métodos Se trabajó con 88 adultos mayores a quienes se les determinó diversos marcadores de estrés oxidativo, niveles séricos de glucosa, perfil lipídico y algunos micronutrientes. Además, se calculó el índice de masa corporal y se determinó el índice de diversidad de la dieta (IDD). Resultados Se evidenció peroxidación lipídica y oxidación del ADN, un porcentaje de capacidad antioxidante plasmática total (% CAPT) promedio de 39,54±10,67%, el cual disminuyó con la edad. El 67% de los participantes presentó alteración en la glucemia, un 73% una o varias alteraciones en los niveles de lípidos sanguíneos, un 55% niveles insuficientes de vitamina D y un 68,6% presentó exceso de peso. El IDD promedio fue de 4,91 puntos, lo que indica que la dieta es poco diversa. No se encontró relación entre el IDD y el estado nutricional, ni entre el estado nutricional y el estrés oxidativo, ni entre las variables bioquímicas y el estrés oxidativo. Conclusión Los adultos estudiados presentaron un alto grado de estrés oxidativo, un elevado porcentaje de exceso de peso y un bajo IDD. Un mayor IDD se asoció con una menor concentración sanguínea de MDA y un mayor porcentaje de CAPT (AU)

Background and objective The older we get, the greater the production of reactive oxygen species and therefore the greater the oxidative stress, which is related to the deterioration of the health of older adults. This study analyzed the relationship between the oxidative profile and the dietary diversity index in an urban-marginal population of older adults in Costa Rica. Methods Eighty-eight older adults were studied and various markers of oxidative stress, serum glucose levels, lipid profile, and some micronutrients were determined. In addition, the body mass index (BMI) was calculated and the dietary diversity index (DDI) was determined. Results Lipid peroxidation and DNA oxidation, a mean plasma antioxidant capacity percentage of 39.54±10.67%, which decreased with age, were evidenced. 67% of the participants had alterations in glycemia, 73% had one or more alterations in blood lipid levels, 55% had insufficient vitamin D levels, and 68.6% were overweight. The average IDD was 4.91 points, indicating that the diet was not very diverse. No relationship was found between IDD and nutritional status, between nutritional status and oxidative stress, nor between biochemical variables and oxidative stress. Conclusion The adults studied presented high oxidative stress, a high percentage of overweight, and a low IDD. A higher IDD was associated with a lower blood concentration of MDA and a higher % PAC (AU)

[Relationship between the oxidative profile and the diet diversity index in older adults in an urban-marginal area of Costa Rica]. / Relación entre el perfil oxidativo y el índice de diversidad de la dieta en adultos mayores de una zona urbano-marginal de Costa Rica.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The older we get, the greater the production of reactive oxygen species and therefore the greater the oxidative stress, which is related to the deterioration of the health of older adults. This study analyzed the relationship between the oxidative profile and the dietary diversity index in an urban-marginal population of older adults in Costa Rica. METHODS: Eighty-eight older adults were studied and various markers of oxidative stress, serum glucose levels, lipid profile, and some micronutrients were determined. In addition, the body mass index (BMI) was calculated and the dietary diversity index (DDI) was determined. RESULTS: Lipid peroxidation and DNA oxidation, a mean plasma antioxidant capacity percentage of 39.54±10.67%, which decreased with age, were evidenced. 67% of the participants had alterations in glycemia, 73% had one or more alterations in blood lipid levels, 55% had insufficient vitamin D levels, and 68.6% were overweight. The average IDD was 4.91 points, indicating that the diet was not very diverse. No relationship was found between IDD and nutritional status, between nutritional status and oxidative stress, nor between biochemical variables and oxidative stress. CONCLUSION: The adults studied presented high oxidative stress, a high percentage of overweight, and a low IDD. A higher IDD was associated with a lower blood concentration of MDA and a higher % PAC.