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J Neurosci ; 26(33): 8578-87, 2006 Aug 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16914684

RESUMO

Artemin, a neuronal survival factor in the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family, binds the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein GFRalpha3 and the receptor tyrosine kinase Ret. Expression of the GFRalpha3 receptor is primarily restricted to the peripheral nervous system and is found in a subpopulation of nociceptive sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) that coexpress the Ret and TrkA receptor tyrosine kinases and the thermosensitive channel TRPV1. To determine how artemin affects sensory neuron properties, transgenic mice that overexpress artemin in skin keratinocytes (ART-OE mice) were analyzed. Expression of artemin caused a 20.5% increase in DRG neuron number and increased the level of mRNA encoding GFRalpha3, TrkA, TRPV1, and the putative noxious cold-detecting channel TRPA1. Nearly all GFRalpha3-positive neurons expressed TRPV1 immunoreactivity, and most of these neurons were also positive for TRPA1. Interestingly, acid-sensing ion channel (ASIC) 1, 2a, 2b, and 3 mRNAs were decreased in the DRG, and this reduction was strongest in females. Analysis of sensory neuron physiological properties using an ex vivo preparation showed that cutaneous C-fiber nociceptors of ART-OE mice had reduced heat thresholds and increased firing rates in response to a heat ramp. No change in mechanical threshold was detected. Behavioral testing of ART-OE mice showed that they had increased sensitivity to both heat and noxious cold. These results indicate that the level of artemin in the skin modulates gene expression and response properties of afferents that project to the skin and that these changes lead to behavioral sensitivity to both hot and cold stimuli.


Assuntos
Comportamento Animal/fisiologia , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/metabolismo , Neurônios Aferentes/metabolismo , Pele/inervação , Canais de Cátion TRPV/metabolismo , Temperatura , Canais de Potencial de Receptor Transitório/metabolismo , Canais Iônicos Sensíveis a Ácido , Animais , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Capsaicina/farmacologia , Contagem de Células , Temperatura Baixa , Feminino , Gânglios Sensitivos/citologia , Receptores de Fator Neurotrófico Derivado de Linhagem de Célula Glial/metabolismo , Temperatura Alta , Hipertrofia , Masculino , Mecanorreceptores/fisiologia , Proteínas de Membrana/genética , Camundongos , Camundongos Transgênicos , Fibras Nervosas Amielínicas/fisiologia , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/genética , Neurônios Aferentes/citologia , Neurônios Aferentes/efeitos dos fármacos , Neurônios Aferentes/patologia , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Caracteres Sexuais , Pele/metabolismo , Canais de Sódio/genética , Canal de Cátion TRPA1 , Canais de Cátion TRPV/genética , Termorreceptores/fisiologia
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