RESUMO
Multifunctional additives should be added into motor gasoline to raise the life of engine parts, increase the engine power, as well as reduce the exhaust emission and fuel consumption. This research article proposes new insights to produce modern multifunctional motor gasoline additives. The main components of these additives are detergents, corrosion inhibitors, and friction modifier. Additionally, original methods for assessing the effectiveness of detergent and tribological properties were studied. The test method for the interfacial surface tension is unsuitable for the primary assessment of the effectiveness of the detergent component of the additive package. However, it can well be used to control the quality of individual batches of multifunctional additives directly in production, if further comparison is made with the data obtained during the current control in production. For the initial assessment of detergent properties, the bench method can be modified by accelerating the formation of deposits on engine parts by running for 20 h on gasoline containing 3% wt of N-methylaniline (NMA). The results presented that the relative decrease in mechanical power losses when using the additive package correlates with the indicator of reducing the diameter of the wear scar. Moreover, new technical solutions were proposed to increase the availability of experimental evaluation of multifunctional additives into gasoline. Finally, these make it possible to achieve significant savings in time and money in the development and modification of multifunctional additives compositions into motor gasoline.
