RESUMO
The Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT) is a new measure of burnout that was developed to address the shortcomings of existing burnout instruments. This study investigates the psychometric properties of the Lithuanian version of the Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT-LT). In total, 408 adult workers were surveyed (the mean age was 35.94 years; 68.6 per cent were female; 43.9 per cent held managerial positions). Participants came from different sectors of economic activity. The results showed that BAT-LT had good factorial validity, indicating that BAT-LT's four subscales (exhaustion, cognitive impairment, emotional impairment, and mental distance) can be combined into a single burnout score. Moreover, Cronbach's alpha values indicate good reliability for all six core and secondary burnout symptoms scales. Furthermore, the results confirmed that BAT-LT could be differentiated from job boredom, workaholism, work engagement and depression. Finally, measurement invariance across managerial status and the sector was observed. The results of this study provide solid evidence for BAT-LT's reliability and factorial and construct validity.
RESUMO
The challenges posed by the urgent demand of the lockdown to start working from home and successfully manage work-family interface have also triggered the increased boundary permeability, difficulties detaching from work and work-home conflict. However, little is known about the temporal dynamics between these challenges, therefore more research-based data could facilitate not only a better understanding of the risks for employee well-being but also finding the best practices to counteract work-home conflict when working from home. Our study aimed to examine the direction of cross-lagged effects among family boundary permeability, psychological detachment, and work-home conflict in the context of the pandemic. In all, 375 employees participated in a two-wave study. We used structural equation modelling to test and compare several models that were deployed for describing the hypothesised temporal relationships. The results of our study revealed that psychological detachment predicted boundary permeability and work-family conflict four months later, but not vice versa. Thus, the ability to detach from work should not be considered a consequence of low family boundary permeability. Instead, it seems to serve as a strategy to keep work and non-work spheres separate, eventually, to avoid work-family conflict. As a result, practical efforts should focus on helping remote workers to detach from work when they are not working rather than on the prevention of boundary-blurring. Finally, the discussion of the results of the impact of both, the context of the pandemic and the nature of the mandatory transition to working from home is presented and practical guidelines on how organisations may help employees better manage the work and home interface in telework settings are offered.
RESUMO
Despite substantial interest in job insecurity as a severe workplace stressor, the way in which its qualitative and quantitative dimensions co-occur is not fully understood. As a result, the variety of their combinations and potentially differential effects that they produce remain underexplored. The current study aimed to address this gap in two ways. First, we hypothesized that quantitative job insecurity would manifest in a cumulated form along with qualitative job insecurity but not vice versa. Second, we aimed to test whether different combinations of quantitative and qualitative job insecurity differentially reflect in employees' occupational characteristics and health and well-being outcomes. Latent profile analyses were conducted on two different samples of employees (N = 1077 and N = 608). The findings from both samples supported a three-profile solution of qualitative and quantitative job insecurity resulting in the balanced low, balanced high, and qualitative job insecurity dominant profiles. As expected, the probability of temporary and part-time employment was the highest in the balanced high (i.e., cumulated) job insecurity profile. Moreover, both the balanced high and the qualitative job insecurity dominant profiles were linked to significantly lower mental health and well-being than the low job insecurity profile, suggesting that substantially detrimental effects may occur even if experiencing qualitative job insecurity only. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s41542-021-00096-3.
