RESUMO
Given the detrimental environmental impacts of fossil fuels, there is a gradual worldwide shift towards renewable energy sources. Wind power, renowned for its cost-effectiveness and simplicity, has been widely embraced. Despite Afghanistan facing significant challenges in its energy sector, its considerable wind energy potential offers a chance to mitigate some of these issues. This study employed a multi-criteria decision-making approach to evaluate potential wind-hydrogen project sites in Afghanistan, encompassing economic, technical, social, risk, and environmental considerations. Five criteria and sub-criteria for wind-hydrogen project implementation were analyzed using the Step-wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA) method. The Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS), Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS), Evaluation based on Distance from Average Solution (EDAS), and Technique of Order Preference Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) methods were then applied to prioritize provinces for wind-hydrogen project implementation. The analysis found that the Duration of the Payback Period and Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) with weight of 6.6% and 5.6% were critical sub-criteria. Farah, Herat, and Nimroz emerged as Afghanistan's most promising provinces for wind-hydrogen energy development. In Farah, utilizing 900-kW turbines, it is feasible to generate 2679.8 MWh of electricity and produce 43.4 tons of hydrogen annually, with a Levelized Cost of Electricity of 0.0690 $/kWh and Levelized Cost of Hydrogen of 1.747 $/kg.
RESUMO
Due to its various advantages in different industrial fields, hydrogen can provide energy based on sustainability goals and recreates a critical function in the economy of countries. In this regard, evaluating hydrogen production technologies on an industrial scale is necessary for industrial development and economic growth. Therefore, this study proposes a comprehensive, integrated framework of hybrid fuzzy decision-making for assessing hydrogen production technologies in Iran. In addition to considering sustainability factors, political, technical, and reliability indicators are also assessed in this research to make a comprehensive assessment. The Fuzzy Step-wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (F-SWARA) technique determines the importance of indicators, and the Fuzzy Weighted Aggregates Sum-Product Assessment (F-WASPAS) approach ranks technologies. The weighing findings indicated that the sub-indices of investment cost, technical infrastructure development, and implementation costs were introduced as the most significant sub-indices with weights of 0.226, 0.151, and 0.126, respectively. The evaluation findings with the F-WASPAS method and comparative analysis with various decision-making methods revealed that electrolysis based on solar energy and electrolysis based on wind energy technologies had the highest preference. In this regard, the infrastructure and costs of hydrogen production can be improved by presenting various incentives, such as improving financial conditions while attracting investment and increasing cooperation with top companies. So, sustainable development, economic growth, and industrial development are provided.
RESUMO
Due to fast industrial expansion and the increasing population in Vietnam, this country is confronting a mounting lack of energy. While this country has considerable renewable energy (RE) potentials, including wind, solar, biomass, and hydropower sources, it has yet to exploit them entirely because of a lack of proper planning. This research aimed to find and assess solutions for encouraging RE growth in Vietnam. RE development solutions were formulated through SWOT analysis and evaluated in terms of their social, economic, and environmental dimensions. The SWARA approach weighed the strategy evaluation criteria. The most influential sub-criteria were initial investment cost, reduction of adverse environmental impacts, and natural capacity of the region, with weights of 0.155, 0.127, and 0.114, respectively. Strategy evaluation was performed using the Gray ARAS, and the results were validated with the Gray COPRAS, the Gray TOPSIS-G, and the Gray MABAC. In the strategy ranking, the top strategy is to reduce the cost of renewable power generation. This can be achieved by using advanced technologies and promoting cooperation between domestic and foreign industries and companies. Increasing domestic and foreign investment in RE infrastructure by providing financial facilities for investors, developing domestic and international cooperation, and creating a competitive environment between different companies to reduce electricity production costs were the most suitable strategies.
