Endonasal Lacrimal Transposition to Expand Pre-Lacrimal Medial Maxillectomy Approach.

EPLA lacrimal transposition facilitates management of maxillary sinus/pterygopalatine fossa lesions and overcomes limitations such as the Simmen type I recess or IPMS pedicled on the medial wall, without increasing peri-operative morbidity. Laryngoscope, 133:2090-2094, 2023.

[Sinonasal cancers]. / Cancers nasosinusiens.

Sinonasal cancers. Sinonasal cancers (SNC) belong to the spectrum of rare tumors, with respect to other tumors of the head and neck and intrinsically by the multiple histological entities that they cover. It is important to raise awareness among physicians about the diagnostic and therapeutic elements of SNC, as well as their functional consequences, so that these patients are better diagnosed and monitored during and following specific oncological treatment. We also shed light on the various histological entities and new therapeutic options, in particular endoscopic surgery, conformational radiotherapy and systemic treatments. Finally, we underline the importance of the REFCOR network of expertise, which makes it possible to offer optimal management of these rare tumors, and of the CORASSO association, which provides patients a major additional extra-medical support.

Cancers nasosinusiens. Les cancers nasosinusiens (CNS) appartiennent au spectre des tumeurs rares, comparés aux autres tumeurs de la tête et du cou et, intrinsèquement, du fait des multiples entités histologiques qu'ils recouvrent. Il est important de sensibiliser les médecins sur leurs éléments diagnostiques et thérapeutiques ainsi que sur leurs conséquences fonctionnelles, afin que ces maladies soient mieux diagnostiquées et que les patients soient mieux suivis, au cours et dans les suites du traitement oncologique spécifique. Il convient aussi d'éclairer les praticiens sur les diverses entités histologiques et les nouvelles options thérapeutiques, en particulier la chirurgie endoscopique, la radiothérapie conformationelle et les traitements systémiques. Enfin, ils doivent connaître le réseau d'expertise REFCOR, qui permet de proposer une prise en charge optimale de ces tumeurs rares, et l'association CORASSO, qui assure aux patients un soutien extramédical complémentaire majeur.

Surgical Management of Sinonasal Cancers: A Comprehensive Review.

Surgery plays an important role in the treatment of sinonasal cancer. Many surgical approaches have been described, including open, endoscopic, or combined approaches. The choice is based on several criteria: general criteria related to the oncological results and morbidity of each technique, specific criteria related to the tumor (tumor extensions, tumor pathology), the patient, or the surgeon himself. The aims of this review are (i) to provide a complete overview of the surgical techniques available for the management of sinonasal malignant tumors, with a special focus on recent developments in the field of transnasal endoscopic surgery; (ii) to summarize the criteria that lead to the choice of one technique over another. In particular, the oncological outcomes, the morbidity of the different techniques, and the specificities of each histologic subtype will be discussed based on a comprehensive literature review.

[Classification of vascular tumours and vascular malformations. Contribution of the ISSVA 2014/2018 classification]. / Classification des tumeurs et malformations vasculaires. Apport de la classification ISSVA 2014/2018.

The study of vascular anomalies, "angiomas", vascular tumours and vascular malformations is made difficult by the great variety and confusion of the names used in the literature for these diseases, some of which are rare. The great merit of the classification proposed by the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies (ISSVA), adopted in 2014 and modified in 2018, is to propose a unambiguous nomenclature and to try to group these lesions in a logical way, contrasting with the lists of the usual "classifications". This classification is based on the distinction between proliferative lesions (tumours and reactive lesions) and those which are due to a congenital anomaly of vascular morphogenesis (vascular malformations). It incorporates recent data on the molecular causes of these diseases. The major groups of lesions recognised in this classification will be presented and some lesions of interest briefly discussed. This classification aims to be usable by all medical specialties and applicable to all tissues and organs, even if efforts are still needed to integrate organ-specific names in order to unify the nomenclature and eliminate confusion. Even if it does not solve all the problems in this complex field, the unification of the nomenclature is a major contribution of this classification and pathologists are strongly encouraged to refer to it in daily practice.

Sinonasal Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor with Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase 1 Rearrangement: Case Study and Literature Review.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) are rare mesenchymal tumors initially described in the lung. About half of them exhibit expression of the ALK1 protein, generally resulting from a gene rearrangement. Paranasal sinus IMTs are extremely uncommon, and gene rearrangement of ALK1 is very rare in this localization. A 47-year-old woman presented with rapidly progressive vision loss in her left eye. Clinical and imaging work-up revealed a tumor invading the left ethmoidal and sphenoidal sinuses and extending into the nasal cavity, the orbit and the skull base. Complete tumor resection was performed using an endonasal approach. Pathological examination revealed a paranasal localization of IMT, positive for ALK1 immunostaining. FISH analysis showed an ALK1 gene rearrangement. This case illustrates the local aggressive potential for IMTs. Treatment is primarily surgical, but targeted therapies (crizotinib) might be a solution for ALK1 rearranged cases with a poor prognosis.

Mucocele formation after surgical treatment of inverted papilloma of the frontal sinus drainage pathway.

BACKGROUND: Inverted papillomas (IP) inserted in the frontal sinus and/or recess may be treated by using an endoscopic endonasal or an external approach. There are still few data available on this uncommon localization of IPs. OBJECTIVE: To report our experience in the management of IP of the frontal drainage pathway, to describe a previously unreported specific complication of this surgery, and to discuss the optimal surgical strategy. METHODS: A retrospective study of the patients at a tertiary care center between 2004 and 2014 who were operated on for an IP with an insertion in the frontal recess and/or the frontal sinus. Clinical charts were reviewed for demographics, clinical presentation, imaging findings, surgical treatment, and outcome. RESULTS: Twenty-seven patients were included. Patients were operated on by using a purely endoscopic approach (Draf procedure; n = 14 [51.9%]) when the IP was inserted in the frontal recess and/or the frontal sinus infundibulum (with a nasoseptal-septoturbinal flap placed on the exposed bone in four patients), or by using a combined endoscopic and open approach (osteoplastic flap procedure; n = 13 [48.1%]) when the IP invaded the frontal sinus beyond the infundibulum. There were two recurrences (7.4%), with a mean follow-up of 40 months (range, 9-123 months). During follow-up, single or multiple iatrogenic frontal mucoceles were observed in 10 patients (37%), with a mean delay of 60 months (range, 27-89 months). These mucoceles occurred both after using endoscopic (n = 3) or combined (n = 7) approaches, and required a surgical treatment in eight patients. No postoperative mucocele was observed in the four patients who had had a septal flap. CONCLUSION: In our experience, an approach based on the localization of the IP insertion provided acceptable results in terms of the local control rate (92.6%). However, the significant rate of postoperative mucoceles indicated that specific strategies (such as local flaps) still need to be developed to avoid this iatrogenic complication.

Diode endovascular laser treatment in venous malformations of the upper aerodigestive tract.

PURPOSE: Venous malformations of the upper aerodigestive tract can cause pain, dysphagia, obstructive sleep apnea, and rarely bleeding. We studied 980-nm diode endovenous laser therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a 2007-2014 retrospective study in our vascular anomalies center. Data on patients' clinical history, polysomnography, magnetic resonance imaging, and treatment were collected. Patients were contacted for Epworth Sleepiness Scale and Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) scores to evaluate sleepiness and dysphagia before and after laser therapy. RESULTS: We included 32 patients (mean age 41 years) presenting with obstructive sleep apnea (n = 18) and dysphagia (n = 13). With a mean follow-up of 39 months, average Epworth Sleepiness Scale score fell from 17.3 to 10.4 (p = 0.015), EAT-10 score from 8.2 to 3.5 (p = 0.002) and apnea-hypopnea index from 47.5 to 24.7 (p = 0.01). Of the sleep apnea patients, 89% required continuous positive airway pressure before and 50% afterward (p = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS: Diode endovascular laser treatment seems to be a safe and effective treatment option in venous malformations of the upper airways.

Skull base osteomyelitis: incidence of resistance, morbidity, and treatment strategy.

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: The pathogeny of osteomyelitis of the skull base has evolved over time with the emergence of ciprofloxacin-resistant Pseudomonas strains and significant fungal infections, both of which seem to bring a higher morbidity. The aims of this study were 1) to document the incidence of ciprofloxacin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa over the past 7 years; 2) to assess morbidity by a radiologic score, the occurrence of cranial nerve palsies, and the duration of the hospital stay, according to the pathogenesis; and 3) to propose a treatment strategy. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review of necrotizing external otitis cases from 2004 to 2011. The setting was the Department of ENT Surgery, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris. METHODS: Thirty-one patients were included. Radiological scores were assessed based on the initial computed tomography scans or magnetic resonance imaging, which specified the anatomical territory involved. Nerve palsies, the duration of hospitalization, and the radiological scores were analyzed with regard to the pathogen. RESULTS: Twenty-eight patients had a bacterial disease. Of the 20 strains of P. aeruginosa identified, five (25%) were ciprofloxacin-resistant P. aeruginosa. Three patients (10%) had a fungal infection due to Aspergillus flavus. Nerve palsies, radiological scores, and hospitalization durations were significantly higher for patients with resistant strains and A. flavus. CONCLUSIONS: In our series, the prevalence of ciprofloxacin-resistant Pseudomonas strains increased over time. Along with fungal infections, they formed a group with a higher morbidity than that of ciprofloxacin-sensitive Pseudomonas infections that furthermore did not respond to oral outpatient treatment. This is why pathogen identification using biopsies is sometimes required to start a prolonged treatment.

Comparison of 3 procedures for hypoglossal-facial anastomosis.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate rehabilitation of complete facial palsy with 3 procedures for hypoglossal-facial anastomosis: end-to-end ("original"), partial end-to-end with interpositional jump grafting ("jump") and the new partial end to end without grafting ("modified"). METHODS: A medical jury reviewed videos of 36 patients with complete facial palsy who underwent surgery from 1998 to 2008 by original (n = 13), jump (n = 13), and modified (n = 10) procedures. The jury of 5 ear, nose, and throat surgeons who were blinded to the procedure evaluated rehabilitation by 3 facial nerve grading systems-House and Brackman (HB), Sunnybrook, and Freyss scales-and 3 subjective scores for the face at rest and during voluntary and emotional motions. RESULTS: Recovery time was shorter with the modified and original procedures than jump procedure (5, 6, and 8 mo, respectively). All patients achieved at least good results. Scores on the HB scale (I-VI) were mainly III. HB and Sunnybrook scores did not differ by procedure. Freyss score was better for the modified procedure than original and jump procedures. Scores for the face at rest did not differ by procedure, but those during voluntary and emotional movements were worse for the jump procedure than for other procedures. Synkinesis was more severe with the original procedure than other procedures. CONCLUSION: The 3 procedures give satisfactory results for rehabilitation after surgery for facial palsy. The original procedure should be performed in patients with strong mimic or long-standing facial palsy. The jump procedure is delicate and entails risk of weak reinnervation. The modified procedure is a good compromise in terms of muscle tone and side effects.

Minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy: Learning curve in terms of mean operative time and conversion and complication rates.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the learning curve for minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy (MIVAT). METHODS: Fifty consecutive patients were prospectively included in groups corresponding to their surgical order (10 patients in each group). RESULTS: The mean operation times between 2 neighboring groups were 33.9 minutes longer in group 1 than in group 2 (p = .01) and 25.8 minutes longer in group 3 than in group 4 (p = .002). The conversion rate for technical difficulties in group 1 was 6% (3 of 50). The definitive complication rate was 2% (1 of 50). CONCLUSIONS: In terms of operative time, 10 patients represented the early stage of the learning curve, and 30 patients represented the number of procedures required to reach an advanced level of skill. Considering the low conversion and complication rates, improved aesthetic results and postoperative course, MIVAT should become a tool in the repertoire of high-volume thyroid surgeons.

Otro método para el cálculo de la hidratación / Another method to estimate the hydration

De manera tradicional se enseñan diferentes métodos para corregir las deshidrataciones por la vía parenteral. Para ello se recurre al cálculo a partir de síntomas clínicos que permiten clasificarlas en leves, moderadas y graves. En este trabajo se expone una modificación de la fórmula general de reposición de líquidos, que permite hacer un cálculo adecuado sin necesidad de recordar otras fórmulas y multiplicaciones. En la bibliografía dedicada a este tema, tanto cubana como extranjera, no se encontraron referencias al uso de este método; tampoco en la práctica médica diaria(AU)

In a traditional way different method to correct the dehydrations by parenteral route are taught. For that reason it is appeal to estimation of clinical symptoms allowing to its classification as slight, moderated and severe. In present paper it is showed a modification of the general formula of fluid recovery allowing making an appropriate estimation without to remember other formulae and multiplications. In the Cuban and foreign bibliography devoted to this subject there weren't references as regards the use of this method neither in the daily medical practice(AU)

Otro método para el cálculo de la hidratación / Another method to estimate the hydration

De manera tradicional se enseñan diferentes métodos para corregir las deshidrataciones por la vía parenteral. Para ello se recurre al cálculo a partir de síntomas clínicos que permiten clasificarlas en leves, moderadas y graves. En este trabajo se expone una modificación de la fórmula general de reposición de líquidos, que permite hacer un cálculo adecuado sin necesidad de recordar otras fórmulas y multiplicaciones. En la bibliografía dedicada a este tema, tanto cubana como extranjera, no se encontraron referencias al uso de este método; tampoco en la práctica médica diaria(AU)

In a traditional way different method to correct the dehydrations by parenteral route are taught. For that reason it is appeal to estimation of clinical symptoms allowing to its classification as slight, moderated and severe. In present paper it is showed a modification of the general formula of fluid recovery allowing making an appropriate estimation without to remember other formulae and multiplications. In the Cuban and foreign bibliography devoted to this subject there weren't references as regards the use of this method neither in the daily medical practice(AU)

Fijación torácica externa con varillas metálicas en el tórax batiente

La terapéutica del tórax batiente en la actualidad se basa en la atención de las alteraciones ventilatorias que ocasiona la contusión pulmonar, y en la estabilización de la pared torácica. Con este último objetivo se utilizaron alambres de acero de tipo Steiman, y éstos a su vez se fijaron en bloque con unos pistones o émbolos de los que contienen los sets de fijadores externos, para constituir esto una novedad hasta donde se tiene conocimiento en el tratamiento del tórax batiente. Se trata de un método sencillo en el que se destaca entre sus ventajas el que se pueda realizar al pie de la cama del enfermo, con escaso instrumental y que se logre de inmediato corregir las alteraciones de la mecánica respiratoria, lo cual resultaría imposible el deslizamiento de los alambres con el uso del aditamento utilizado.

The therapy for flail chest is presently based on the care of respiratory disorders causing pulmonary contusion, and on the stabilization of the chest wall. To solve this last problem; Steinman-type steel wires are used and they are secured in block by pistons similar to those of external fixator sets. As far as it is known, this treatment technique of flail chest is a novelty. This is a simple method with such advantages as: it may be used bedside, requires few surgical implements and inmediately eliminates respiratory disorders. The used fitting makes the steel wire sliding impossible.