Prospero Homeobox 1 and Doublecortin Correlate with Neural Damage after Ischemic Stroke.

Objective: Markers of neuroinflammation during ischemic stroke are well characterized, but additional markers of neural damage are lacking. The study identified associations of behavioral disorders after stroke with histologic neural damage and molecular biological change. Methods: 8-week-old, 25g male mice of the C57BL/6J strain were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) to induce ischemic stroke. The control group was a healthy wild type (WT), and the experimental group were designed as a low severity MCAO1 and a high severity MCAO2 based on post-stroke neurological scoring. All groups underwent behavioral tests, real-time polymerase chain reaction (rt-PCR), triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze statistical significance between groups. Results: In TTC staining, MCAO1 showed 29.02% and MCAO2 showed 38.94% infarct volume (p<0.0001). The pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1ß was most highly expressed in MCAO2 (WT 0.44 vs MCAO1 2.69 vs MCAO2 5.02, p<0.0001). From the distance to target in the Barnes maze test, WT had a distance of 178 cm, MCAO1 had a distance of 276 cm, and MCAO2 had a distance of 1051 (p=0.0015). The latency to target was 13.3 seconds for WT, 27.9 seconds for MCAO1, and 87.9 seconds for MCAO2 (p=0.0007). Prospero homeobox 1 (Prox1) was most highly expressed in MCAO2 (p=0.0004). Doublecortin (Dcx) was most highly expressed in MCAO2 (p<0.0001). Conclusion: The study demonstrated that histological damage to neural cells and changes in brain mRNA expression were associated with behavioral impairment after ischemic stroke. Prox1 and Dcx may be biomarkers of neural damage associated with long-term cognitive decline, and increased expression at the mRNA level was consistent with neural damage and long-term cognitive dysfunction.

Toxic effects of nano-sized neodymium oxide on central nervous system in mice / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the toxic effects of nano-sized neodymium oxide( nano-Nd_2O_3) on the central nervous system in mice. METHODS: Specific pathogen free female ICR mice were randomly divided into control group,lowdose group and high-dose group,with 12 rats in each group. The mice in low-dose group and high-dose group were treated with nano-Nd_2O_3 by nasal drip method at 80 and 160 mg/( kg·d) body weight for 30 days,while the mice in the control group were given 0. 9% sodium chloride solution. The water maze experiment and jump platform experiment were used to evaluate learning and memory ability. Hippocampus was examined using Hematoxylin-Eosin( HE) staining and glial fibrillary acidic protein( GFAP) immunohistochemical staining. The level of malondialdehyde( MDA) and the activity of total superoxide dismutase( T-SOD) in brain tissue were detected by microplate reader. RESULTS: The escape latency increased and the step down latency decreased in the low-dose group and high-dose group compared with the control group(P < 0. 05). No obvious pathological changes were observed by HE staining in brain hippocampus. Immunohistochemistry staining showed that the expression of GFAP protein in the hippocampal astrocytes of the low-and high-dose groups was higher than that in the control group,especially in the high-dose group,when compared with the control group. The MDA level increased and the T-SOD activity decreased in the low-and high-dose groups compared with the control group( P <0. 05). CONCLUSION: nano-Nd2 O3 can reduce the learning and memory ability of mice and increased GFAP expression in hippocampal astrocytes. The mechanism may be related to oxidative stress.

Application of timely regional vascular occlusion in primary liver cancer resection / 国际外科学杂志

Objective To study the application effects of timely regional vascular occlusion in primary liver cancer(PLC) surgery. Methods Eighty-eight patients with PLC who underwent surgery in the Department of General Surgery of Yan'an University Affiliated Hospital from January 2014 to December 2016 were selected for prospective study, and they were divided into the experimental group and the control group by the random number table method, 44 cases of each group. In the experimental group, the blood supply was blocked with timely regional vascular occlusion while in the control group, the blood supply was blocked with half hepatic vascular occlusion. The occurrence of postoperative complications, and surgical indexes(surgical time, intraoperative blood loss, the time of hepatic portal occlusion, blood transfusion volume, abdominal drainage volume and hospital stay), levels of alanine aminotransferase, albumin and total bilirubin, levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and CD4 + /CD8 +, effective rate, control rate, and clinical efficacy were compared between the two groups. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as (x) ± s and analyzed using the independent-sample t test between the two groups; within the groups, paired t-tests were used. Comparison of count data were represented as n(％ ), and analyzed using the chi-square test. Results The intraoperative blood loss, time of hepatic portal occlusion, blood transfusion volume and hospital stay of the experimental group were(331. 48 ±30.65) ml, (14.78土2.27) min, (132.61 ±13.87) ml, (9.29土1.19) d, and the control group were (500.61 ±50.62) ml, (23.96±2.89) min, (305.76 ± 30.64) ml, (12.10 ± 1.22) d, with statistically significant differences in above indexes between the two groups(all P< 0.05). The operation time and abdominal drainage volume in the experimental group were(146.86 ± 15.87) min and(321.77 ±33.65) ml respectively, while those in the control group were (143.07土15.35) min and(335.18 ±33.82) ml respectively, there was no significant difference between the two groups(P> 0.05 ). After surgery, the levels of alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin and albumin of the experimental group were(54.86 ±5.61) U/L, (20.65 ± 2.32) U/L, (41.95土4.32) ng/ml, and the control group were(120.75 ± 13.03) U/L, (35.42+3.21) U/L, (70.25 ±7.45) ng/ml, with statistically significant differences in above indexes between the two groups(all P <0.05). After surg;ery, the levels of CD3 +, CD4+, CD8 + and CD4 + /CD8 + of the experimental group were 0.63 ±0.16, 0.52 ± 0.11, 0.20 ±0.04, 1.70 ±0.17 and the control group were 0.56 ±0.14, 0.45±0.12, 0.26 ± 0.05, 1.46土0.22, with statistically significant differences in above indexes between the two groups (all P< 0.05 ). There were no differences between the experimental group and the controlg roup in the response rate and the control rate(75.00％ vs.79.55％; 88. 64％ vs.90.91％ ) (P>0.05). Conclusions The application of timely regional vascular occlusion in PLC surgery can reduce the intraoperative blood loss, the time of hepatic portal occlusion, blood transfusion volume and hospital stay, improve the immune level and liver function. And there is no difference in response rate and control rate compared with half hepatic vascular occlusion, therefore it is worthy of clinical application.

Effect of Wogonin on osteosarcoma cells and its mechanism based on a PI3K/Akt signaling pathway / 实用肿瘤学杂志

Objective The aims of this study were to explore effects of Wogonin on proliferation,apoptosis and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells. Methods MG-63 cells were treated with different concentrations of Wogo-nin(0,50,100 and 200 μmol/L)for 24,48 and 72 h,MTT assay was used to determine the cell proliferation,and the rates of apoptosis of MG-63 cells were assessed by the flow cytometry;Cell scratch assay was used to detect cell migration and TEM to detect morpho-logical changes of MG-63 cells;Western blot were employed to examine the expression of COX-2,Caspase-3 and P-Akt protein in MG-63 cells. Results Wogonin significantly inhibited proliferation of MG-63 cells in a dose-or time-dependent manner,and this effect was positively correlated with drug concentration and duration of action(P<0. 05). The apoptotic rate of MG-63 cells was positively correlated to the concentrations of Wogonin. Their differences were statistically significant(P<0. 05). Wogonin also signifi-cantly inhibited the migration of MG-63 cells in a dose-dependent manner(P<0. 05). Wogonin significantly down-regulated the levels of COX-2 and p-Akt protein expression and significantly up-regulated the level of caspase-3 protein expression in MG-63 cells when compared to the negative control group(P<0. 05). Conclusion Wogonin can inhibit the proliferation of MG-63 cells and promote apoptosis,which may be related to down-regulation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Correlation Analysis of Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway, OPN and MMP-13 in Varying Degrees of Osteoarthritis / 现代生物医学进展

Objective:To analysis the correlation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,OPN and MMP-13 in rabbit model with different degree of osteoarthritis (OA).Methods:Forty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into four groups of 10 each,then we constructed the rabbit model with different degree of osteoarthritis (OA) by different concentrations of papain.The mRNA and protein levels of β-catenin,OPN,MMP-13,type Ⅱ collagen and proteoglycan were detected by Real-Time PCR and ELISA,respectively.Results:We have successfully established OA rabbit model by different concentrations of papain,and these OA rabbits model could be divided into mild,moderate and severe three level by Mankin scoring system,chondrocytes.Compared with the normal control group,the protein levels of β-catenin,OPN,and MMP-13 in the osteoarthritis were significantly increased,while the protein levels of type Ⅱ collagen and proteoglycan were significantly decreased (P＜0.05).With the increasing severity of OA,the results were consistent (P＜0.05).Conclusions:These results indicated that Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway might regulate the expression of OPN,thereby affecting the expression of MMP-13,and ultimately have an impact on the occurrence ofosteoarthritis.

Damaging effect of nano-neodymium oxide on PC12 cells / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To study the damaging effect of nano-neodymium oxide( Nano-Nd_2O_3) on rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cell PC12. METHODS: PC12 cells in the logarithmic growth phase were divided into control group and 7 drug treatment groups. The control group was not treated with Nano-Nd_2O_3. The drug treatment groups were treated with 7 different dosing with the final mass concentrations of 3. 13,6. 25,12. 50,25. 00,50. 00,75. 00,100. 00 mg/L of NanoNd_2O_3 for 24 hours,then the follow-up selected experimental concentration were 3. 13,6. 25,12. 50,25. 00,50. 00 and75. 00 mg/L. The CCK-8 essay was used to detect the cell viability. The levels of glutathione( GSH) and superoxide dismutase( SOD) in the cells were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of B cell lymphoma-2( Bcl-2),Bcl-2 associated X protein( Bax) and Caspase-3 protein were detected by Western blot. RESULTS: The survival rate,GSH level and Bcl-2/Bax ratio of PC12 cells decreased with the increase of the Nano-Nd_2O_3 dose,and showed doseresponse relationship( P < 0. 01). The SOD activity of PC12 cells in Nano-Nd_2O_3 group of 12. 50,25. 00,50. 00 and75. 00 mg/L were lower than that of control group( P < 0. 05). The ratio of Caspase-3/β-actin in PC12 cells was higher than that in control group( P < 0. 05). In the range of 0. 00-25. 00 mg/L of Nano-Nd_2O_3,with the increase of NanoNd_2O_3 dose,the ratio of Caspase-3/β-actin in PC12 cells increased gradually,and showed a dose-response relationship( P < 0. 01). CONCLUSION: Nano-Nd_2O_3 can induce oxidative stress in PC12 cells,leading to the decrease of Bcl-2/Bax ratio,activate Caspase-3 expression,and than inhibits cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner.

Radical mastectomy and conservative surgery for breast cancer patients : comparative analysis of postoperative recurrence,complications, quality of life and cosmetic results / 国际外科学杂志

Objective Comparing the difference in postoperative recurrence,complications,quality of life and cosmetic results between patients receiving radical mnastectomy and breast conserving surgery,provides an evidence of breast conserving surgery superior to radical mastectomy.Methods A retrospective analysis of 477 breast cancer patients cases in Department of General Surgery,Third People's Hospital of Baoji City from January 2009 to January 2012.These patients were divided into two groups:the control group 229 cases (48％) underwent conservative surgery treatment and the observation group 248 patients (52％) underwent radical surgery.Using SPSS15.0 statistical software analysis and compare with recurrence,postoperative complications,breast cosmetic effect and quality of life for these two groups of patients.Results In breast-conserving group compared with radical mastectomy group,the one and two year recurrence or metastasis rate were not statistically different between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05),the incidence of postoperative complications was significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.05).The scores for quality of life between the breast-conserving group and radical mastectomy group were all significantly different (P ＜ 0.05).Excellent cosmetic results in breast-conserving group was 78.52％,which was significantly higher than that in the radical mastectomy group (61.34％),the difference was statistically significant (x2 =5.86,P ＜ 0.05),The two groups are not significant in overall survival time (x2 =3.154,P ＞ 0.05) and progression free survival (x2 =4.243,P ＞ 0.05) as two indicator of long-term efficacy.Conclusions Conservative surgery compared with radical mastectomyhave less clinical complications,more breast cosmetic effect,better survival quality,and both of them share the same recurrence or metastasis and survival rate,so conservative surgery should be preferable in the clinical application.

Association between endothelial function and microvascular changes in patients with secondary Raynaud's phenomenon.

Nailfold capillaroscopy (NC) represents the method to analyze microvascular abnormalities in autoimmune rheumatic diseases, but the pathophysiological link between the microvascular derangement which is seen in NC and endothelial function is yet to be discovered. We investigated the association between endothelial function and microvascular derangement in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon (RP). Postmenopausal women (n = 37) with secondary RP and age-matched healthy controls (n = 25) were evaluated with NC. Microvascular alterations were assessed by microangiopathy evolution score. Endothelial function was examined by brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (reactive FMD, endothelium-dependent) and response to 40 µg of sublingual nitroglycerine (NTG-induced dilatation, endothelium-independent). There was significant capillary loop dilatation (apical width; 14.1 ± 5.6 vs. 10.4 ± 1.7 µm, p = 0.001 and total width; 40.6 ± 15.1 vs. 31.6 ± 4.6 µm, p = 0.002) and lengthening (316.0 ± 78.5 vs. 270.4 ± 34.7 µm, p = 0.004) in secondary RP compared to controls. Additionally, giant capillaries, loss of capillaries, hemorrhage, and background pallor were much more prevalent in secondary RP as compared to controls (all p's < 0.05). Although there were no significant differences in NTG-induced dilatation between secondary RP and controls (16.1 ± 5.9 vs. 19.6 ± 9.0 %, p = 0.091), significant decreases in the reactive FMD value (6.1 ± 3.5 vs. 9.0 ± 2.2 %, p = 0.001) were noted. Both FMD and NTG-induced dilatation showed a significant inverse association with microangiopathy evolution score (r = -0.355, p = 0.005 and r = -0.285, p = 0.028). Significantly impaired endothelial function was found in secondary RP, and microvascular derangement was associated with endothelial dysfunction.

Single small incision herniorrhaphy for bilateral inguinal hernia / 局解手术学杂志

Objective To explore the surgical skills and evaluate the efficacy of single small incision herniorrhaphy for bilateral inguinal hernia. Methods From August 2006 to January 2013, 26 patients with bilateral inguinal hernia received single small incision herniorrha-phy,and the clinical data,including the operation time, hospital stay,postoperative complications and the recurrence,were analyzed retrospec-tively. Results In 26 cases of bilateral inguinal hernia,the operation time was (50. 6 ± 11. 6) min,the postoperative hospital stay was (5. 8 ± 1. 4) d,the incidence of postoperative complications was 3. 8%. No recurrence occurred during the follow-up of 10 to 58 months. Conclu-sion The single small incision herniorrhaphy for bilateral inguinal hernia is proved to be effective,safe and convenient,and it has few post-operative complications. This method is worth popularizing in the clinical practice.

Case-control study on effects of external fixation combined with limited internal fixation for the treatment of Pilon fractures of Rüedi-Allgower type III / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the effects of three surgical operations in the treatment of Pilon fracture of Rüedi-Allgower type III, and put forward the best therapeutic method.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 33 patients with Pilon fracture who received surgical operations (plaster immobilization group, 10 cases; distal tibia anatomical plate group, 11 cases; external fixation with limited internal fixation group, 12 cases) from October 2009 to January 2012 were analyzed. There were 5 males and 5 females, ranging in age from 24 to 61 years in the plaster immobilization group. There were 7 males and 4 females, ranging in age from 21 to 64 years in the distal tibia anatomical plate group. There were 7 males and 5 females, ranging in age from 23 to 67 years in the external fixation with limited internal fixation group. The Ankle X-ray of Pilon fracture after operation, ankle score, early and late complications were collected. Bourne system was used to evaluate ankle joint function.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 8 months to 3 years follow-up, it was found that three kinds of treatment had significant differences in the outcomes and complications (P < 0.05): the external fixation with limited internal fixation group got the best results. The number of anatomic reduction cases in the external fixation with limited internal fixation group (7 cases) and the distal tibia anatomical plate group (8 cases) was more than the plaster immobilization group (2 cases). According to the ankle score, 8 patients got an excellent result, 3 good and 1 poor in the limited internal fixation group ,which was better than those of distal tibia anatomical plate group (5 excellent, 4 good and 2 poor) and the plaster immobilization group (3 excellent, 4 good and 3 poor). The number of early and late complications in the external fixation with limited internal fixation group was more than those in the plaster immobilization group and the distal tibia anatomical plate group (P< 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Treatment of external fixation with limited internal fixation in the treatment of Pilon fracture of Rüedi-Allgower type III is effective and safe.</p>

Synthesis and cardioprotective effect of a novel anti-ischemic/reperfused injury compound / 药学学报

The aim of present study is to investigate the cardioprotective effect of a new compound acetyl ferulaic isosorbide (AFI), composed of ferulaic acid (FA) and isosorbide mononitrate (ISMN) by esterification in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R). Male Sprague-Dawley rats, subjected to 30 minutes of myocardial ischemia and 3 hours of reperfusion, randomly received one of the following treatments separately: SHAM, I/R (MI/R + solvent), SF (MI/R+SF, 40 mg x kg(-1), ig), ISMN (MI/R + ISMN, 30 mg x kg(-1), ig), SF + ISMN (MI/R + SF + ISMN, 40 mg x kg(-1) + 30 mg x kg(-1), ig) and AFI (MI/R + AFI, 10 mg x kg(-1), ig). Left ventricle developed pressures (LVDP) and the maximal first derivative of developed pressure ( +/-dP / dtmax) were monitored throughout the experiments. Myocardial infarction size, serum creatine kinase (CK) activity, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) production were determined at the end of reperfusion. Compared with SF, ISMN or SF + ISMN treatment groups, AFI treatment decreased infarction size (n=8, P < 0.01), improved cardiac function as evidenced by increased LVDP and +/- dP/dtmax (n=8, P < 0.05), increased serum SOD activity, reduced serum CK and LDH activities, H2O2 and MDA production (n=8, P < 0.05). The new compound AFI showed a stronger cardioprotective effect against MI/R injury than SF, ISMN or their combined administration did.