A fermented milk drink with Umbu (Spondias tuberosa) pulp and whey is effective for weight gain and re-nutrition in malnourished: An in vivo study in mice and children.

Malnutrition is considered one of the major public health problems worldwide and negatively affects the growth, development and learning of schoolchildren. This study developed and evaluated a fermented milk drink with added Umbu (Spondias tuberosa) pulp in the weight gain and renutrition of mice submitted to malnutrition by calorie restriction, and in malnourished children. The supplementation with this fermented milk drink contributed to an increase of 7.2 % in body weight, and 64.3 % in albumin, and a reduction of 35 % in cholesterol in malnourished mice. In humans, a group of nine malnourished children consumed a daily 200 mL serving of the milk drink (for 60 days). For humans, the fermented milk drink allowed an increase of 16.5 % in body weight, and 20.9 % in body mass index in malnourished children. In conclusion, fermented milk drink has a positive effect on the re-nutrition of malnourished mice and helps to improve the nutritional status of malnourished children.

New formulations of fermented milk drinks with fruit pulp added: Physicochemical characteristics during storage and nutritional profile

The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional profile and the physicochemical characteristics during storage of newly developed formulations of fermented milk drinks with added pineapple, mango and passion fruit pulp. The fermented drinks showed a high content of protein, iron, and calcium. The passion fruit milk drink had the lowest pH (4.13) and highest acidity (0.95%, expressed in % of lactic acid), which was significantly different (p<0.05) from the pineapple and mango drinks. As for syneresis and sedimentation, the pineapple milk drink had the highest rates at 14 days storage, with 34.33% and 6.50%, respectively and was significantly different (p≤0.05) when compared to the mango and passion fruit milk drinks. In conclusion, newly developed fermented milk drinks with added fruit pulp were a source of several nutrients. We observed physical-chemical characteristics suitable for a fermented milk product during storage.

El objetivo de este estudio fue el desarrollo de nuevas formulaciones de bebidas lácteas fermentadas adicionadas de piña, mango y maracuyá, para evaluar el perfil nutricional y las características fisicoquímicas durante el almacenamiento. Las bebidas fermentadas mostraron un alto contenido en proteínas, hierro y calcio. En cuanto a las características fisicoquímicas durante el almacenamiento, la bebida láctea de maracuyá presentó el pH más bajo (4,13) y la acidez más alta (0,95%, expresada en % de ácido láctico), con una diferencia significativa (p < 0,05), en comparación con las bebidas de piña y mango. En cuanto a sinéresis y sedimentación, la bebida láctea de piña presentó los mayores índices a los 14 días de almacenamiento, con 34,33% y 6,50%, respectivamente, y con diferencia significativa (p ≤ 0,05) al compararla con las bebidas lácteas de mango y maracuyá. En conclusión, las bebidas lácteas fermentadas con adición de pulpa de fruta son una fuente de varios nutrientes, y de características físico-químicas adecuadas para un producto lácteo fermentado durante el almacenamiento.

Nontarget-site resistance due to rapid physiological response in 2,4-D resistant Conyza sumatrensis: reduced 2,4-D translocation and auxin-induced gene expression.

BACKGROUND: Resistance to 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) has been reported in several weed species since the 1950s; however, a biotype of Conyza sumatrensis showing a novel physiology of the rapid response minutes after herbicide application was reported in 2017. The objective of this research was to investigate the mechanisms of resistance and identify transcripts associated with the rapid physiological response of C. sumatrensis to 2,4-D herbicide. RESULTS: Differences were found in 2,4-D absorption between the resistant and susceptible biotypes. Herbicide translocation was reduced in the resistant biotype compared to the susceptible. In resistant plants 98.8% of [14 C] 2,4-D was found in the treated leaf, whereas ≈13% translocated to other plant parts in the susceptible biotype at 96 h after treatment. Resistant plants did not metabolize [14 C] 2,4-D and had only intact [14 C] 2,4-D at 96 h after application, whereas susceptible plants metabolized [14 C] 2,4-D into four detected metabolites, consistent with reversible conjugation metabolites found in other 2,4-D sensitive plant species. Pre-treatment with the cytochrome P450 inhibitor malathion did not enhance 2,4-D sensitivity in either biotype. Following treatment with 2,4-D, resistant plants showed increased expression of transcripts within plant defense response and hypersensitivity pathways, whereas both sensitive and resistant plants showed increased expression of auxin-response transcripts. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate that reduced 2,4-D translocation contributes to resistance in the C. sumatrensis biotype. The reduction in 2,4-D transport is likely to be a consequence of the rapid physiological response to 2,4-D in resistant C. sumatrensis. Resistant plants had increased expression of auxin-responsive transcripts, indicating that a target-site mechanism is unlikely. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

Leaf and stem anatomical characterization of Euphorbia hirta L., a tolerant species to glyphosate.

Euphorbia hirta L. is a weed species that is tolerant to the most used herbicide in agriculture, glyphosate. The anatomical characteristics of plants influence the processes of absorption and translocation of herbicides. The objective of this work was to characterize the anatomy of the aerial vegetative axis (leaves and stem) of E. hirta, to support the establishment of strategies for better control of this species with herbicides. The plants were grown in a greenhouse under controlled conditions. When they reached sizes between 8 and 12 cm, samples of stems and leaves were collected, fixed in FAA 50, and stored in 70% ethanol. Subsequently, the samples were processed following usual light microscopy techniques. In cross-section, the stem of E. hirta has a circular shape. The leaf epidermis is uniseriate composed of isodiametric cells of compact arrangement and with the presence of multicellular trichomes and anthocyanin. As for the morphometric parameters evaluated, the young leaves have a lower thickness in the abaxial epidermis. Based on the anatomical characteristics observed in E. hirta, the main barriers that can act in the absorption of herbicides are the high hairiness and the high content of anthocyanin in the epidermal cells.

A Single Dose of Beer after Moderate Aerobic Exercise Did Not Affect the Cardiorespiratory and Autonomic Recovery in Young Men and Women: A Crossover, Randomized and Controlled Trial.

Background: Beer is a choice beverage worldwide and is often consumed after sports for social interaction. Beer has been suggested for hydration after exercise, but the effects on cardiovascular and autonomic systems in men and women after effort are unknown. Objectives: We assessed the effect of beer absorption immediately after moderate exercise on heart rate (HR) variability (HRV) and cardiovascular recovery after effort in women and men separately. Methods: This is a crossover, randomized and controlled trial performed on 15 healthy female and 17 male adults submitted to two protocols on two randomized days: (1) Water (350 mL) and (2) Beer (350 mL). The subjects underwent 15 minutes seated at rest, followed by aerobic exercise on a treadmill (five minutes at 50-55% of maximum HR and 25 min 60-65% of maximum HR) and then remained 3 min stood on treadmill and 57 min seated for recovery from the exercise. Water or beer was consumed between four and ten minutes after exercise cessation. Blood pressure, HR and HRV were evaluated before exercise, during exercise and during recovery from exercise. Results: Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, HRV and HR changes during and following recovery from exercise were similar when women consumed beer or water. HR, systolic and diastolic blood pressures also returned to baseline levels in the beer and water protocols in males. Yet, parasympathetic indices of HRV recovery from exercise were comparable between protocols in males. Conclusions: Ingestion of 300 mL of beer did not significantly affect HRV and cardiovascular parameters following effort. Our data indicate that beer was safe for this population.

Transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas: iniquidades na distribuição em território brasileiro, 2001 a 2020 / Hematopoietic stem-cell transplants in Brazil: inequities in the distribution in Brazilian territory, 2001 to 2020

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é descrever a distribuição de Centros Transplantadores (CTs) e transplantes de células-tronco hematopoiéticas (TCTH) no território brasileiro. Estudo descritivo, que reúne informações sobre a distribuição CTs e o número de procedimentos realizados entre 2001 e 2020, a partir das fontes dos dados: Sociedade Brasileira de Terapia celular e Transplantes de Medula Óssea (SBTMO); Associação Brasileira de Transplante de Órgãos (ABTO); Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIH/SUS); e Ministério da Saúde (MS). Foram identificados 86 CTs, com predominância na região Sudeste do país (64%). A região Norte não possui CTs. No período contabilizaram-se mais de 30 mil procedimentos, concentrados nas regiões Sudeste e Sul. O TCTH do tipo alogênico foi prevalente. Constataram-se divergências entre os números de transplantes realizados a depender da fonte consultada. Apesar do crescimento do número de procedimentos no período do estudo, tanto a distribuição de CTs quanto o número de TCTHs se concentrou em regiões mais desenvolvidas. Essa heterogeneidade pode ter propiciado iniquidades no acesso ao tratamento pela população.

Abstract The scope of this article is to describe the distribution of Transplant Centers (TCs) and hematopoietic stem-cell transplants (HSCTs) in the Brazilian territory. It is a descriptive study, which brings together information on the distribution of TCs and the number of procedures performed between 2001 and 2020, based on the following data sources: the Brazilian Cell Therapy and Bone Marrow Transplant Society of (SBTMO); the Brazilian Organ Transplant Association (ABTO); the Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System (SIH/SUS); and the Ministry of Health (MS). A total of 86 TCs were identified, predominantly in the Southeastern region of the country (64%). There are no TCs in the Northern region. Throughout the period, there were more than 30,000 procedures, concentrated in the Southeastern and Southern regions. The allogeneic type of HSCT was prevalent. Differences were found between the numbers of transplants performed depending on the source consulted. Despite the increase in the number of procedures during the period studied, both the distribution of TCs and the number of HSCTs were concentrated in more developed regions. This heterogeneity may have led to inequities in the access of the population to treatment.

[Hematopoietic stem-cell transplants in Brazil: inequities in the distribution in Brazilian territory, 2001 to 2020]. / Transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas: iniquidades na distribuição em território brasileiro, 2001 a 2020.

The scope of this article is to describe the distribution of Transplant Centers (TCs) and hematopoietic stem-cell transplants (HSCTs) in the Brazilian territory. It is a descriptive study, which brings together information on the distribution of TCs and the number of procedures performed between 2001 and 2020, based on the following data sources: the Brazilian Cell Therapy and Bone Marrow Transplant Society of (SBTMO); the Brazilian Organ Transplant Association (ABTO); the Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System (SIH/SUS); and the Ministry of Health (MS). A total of 86 TCs were identified, predominantly in the Southeastern region of the country (64%). There are no TCs in the Northern region. Throughout the period, there were more than 30,000 procedures, concentrated in the Southeastern and Southern regions. The allogeneic type of HSCT was prevalent. Differences were found between the numbers of transplants performed depending on the source consulted. Despite the increase in the number of procedures during the period studied, both the distribution of TCs and the number of HSCTs were concentrated in more developed regions. This heterogeneity may have led to inequities in the access of the population to treatment.

O objetivo deste artigo é descrever a distribuição de Centros Transplantadores (CTs) e transplantes de células-tronco hematopoiéticas (TCTH) no território brasileiro. Estudo descritivo, que reúne informações sobre a distribuição CTs e o número de procedimentos realizados entre 2001 e 2020, a partir das fontes dos dados: Sociedade Brasileira de Terapia celular e Transplantes de Medula Óssea (SBTMO); Associação Brasileira de Transplante de Órgãos (ABTO); Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIH/SUS); e Ministério da Saúde (MS). Foram identificados 86 CTs, com predominância na região Sudeste do país (64%). A região Norte não possui CTs. No período contabilizaram-se mais de 30 mil procedimentos, concentrados nas regiões Sudeste e Sul. O TCTH do tipo alogênico foi prevalente. Constataram-se divergências entre os números de transplantes realizados a depender da fonte consultada. Apesar do crescimento do número de procedimentos no período do estudo, tanto a distribuição de CTs quanto o número de TCTHs se concentrou em regiões mais desenvolvidas. Essa heterogeneidade pode ter propiciado iniquidades no acesso ao tratamento pela população.

The Costs of Burn Victim Hospital Care around the World: A Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND: Burn injuries are very common and fire-related burns account for over 300,000 deaths per year globally. The costs of the treatment of these patients change around the world. The aim of the present study was to conduct a systematic literature review to identify the costs related to hospital stays of burn victims in countries with different Human Development Index (HDIs). METHODS: PubMed, CINAHL and BVIS databases were searched using the following terms: "burn," treatment" and "costs". The review included articles that presented cost studies or economic assessments of burn victims in which the costs were reported, and published between 2012 and 2019. The quality of the evidence was assessed using the Consensus on Health Economic Criteria. This review presents register in Prospero (CRD42019137580). RESULTS: The review included 19 economic studies conducted in 13 countries, most with a very high HDIs. Most studies estimated direct acute burn care costs through bottom-up costing and institutional data. Total hospital care costs ranged from US$ 10.58 to US$ 125,597.86 per patient, the cost of 1% of total body surface area burned ranged from US$ 2.65 to US$ 11,245.04, and the cost of hospital care per day, from US$ 24.23 to US$ 4,125.50. CONCLUSION: The costs are high and show wide discrepancies among countries. Medical costs and other losses caused by fatal and non-fatal burn injuries differ considerably among demographic groups, care protocols, and country HDIs.

Epidemiological profile of women with breast cancer in a public hospital in the Federal District of Brazil

Introduction: In Brazil, for the 2020­2022 triennium, the estimated incidence of breast cancer in women was 66,280/year. It is the most incident type of cancer in all Brazilian regions. Several risk factors are associated with the probable etiology of breast cancer, though the complexity of the disease makes it difficult to define its main cause. Objective: To investigate the prevalence of factors associated with breast cancer in an outpatient population at a public hospital in the Federal District, and to verify the epidemiological profile of this population to compare the data obtained with data published in the literature. Method: This is a descriptive crosssectional study, with 115 participants diagnosed with breast cancer undergoing treatment in a highly complex unit of oncology care in the Federal District between July and October 2020. Data collection was done through a questionnaire. The electronic medical record was consulted to complement the data. Results: The majority of women were brown, married, with an average age of 52. Hormone therapy was reported by 73.9%, early menarche by only 33.9% and late menopause by 25.2%. Most had children before the age of 30 and more than 80% breastfed. A family history of breast cancer was present in 30.4% of the sample. The consumption of alcoholic beverages was reported by more than half of the women, but the use of cigarettes was denied by the majority. The practice of some physical activity before the diagnosis of cancer was reported by 69.6%. Most were overweight or had some degree of obesity. Nonspecial invasive carcinoma was the most common type. Conclusions: This study showed that the main factors present in the sample were: advanced age, alcohol consumption, use of hormone therapy and overweight.

Evolution of EPSPS double mutation imparting glyphosate resistance in wild poinsettia (Euphorbia heterophylla L.).

The evolution of glyphosate resistance (GR) in weeds is an increasing problem. Glyphosate has been used intensively on wild poinsettia (Euphorbia heterophylla L.) populations for at least 20 years in GR crops within South America. We investigated the GR mechanisms in a wild poinsettia population from a soybean field in southern Brazil. The GR population required higher glyphosate doses to achieve 50% control (LD50) and 50% dry mass reduction (MR50) compared to a glyphosate susceptible (GS) population. The ratio between the LD50 and MR50 of GR and GS resulted in resistance factors (RF) of 6.9-fold and 6.1-fold, respectively. Shikimate accumulated 6.7 times more in GS than in GR when leaf-discs were incubated with increasing glyphosate concentrations. No differences were found between GR and GS regarding non-target-site mechanisms. Neither population metabolized glyphosate to significant levels following treatment with 850 g ha-1 glyphosate. Similar levels of 14C-glyphosate uptake and translocation were observed between the two populations. No differences in EPSPS expression were found between GS and GR. Two target site mutations were found in all EPSPS alleles of homozygous resistant plants: Thr102Ile + Pro106Thr (TIPT-mutation). Heterozygous individuals harbored both alleles, wild-type and TIPT. Half of GR individuals were heterozygous, suggesting that resistance is still evolving in the population. A genotyping assay was developed based on the Pro106Thr mutation, demonstrating high efficiency to identify homozygous, heterozygous or wild-type EPSPS sequences across different plants. This is the first report of glyphosate-resistant wild-poinsettia harboring an EPSPS double mutation (TIPT) in the same plant.

Recent Evidence of the Beneficial Effects Associated with Glucuronic Acid Contained in Kombucha Beverages.

PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW: Glucuronic acid is contained naturally in kombucha beverages due to the associations between bacteria and yeasts during its fermentation. The purpose of this review is to describe the literature related to the hepatoprotective effect associated with glucuronic acid present in different kombucha beverages. RECENT FINDINGS: Although previous research supports beneficial hepatoprotective effects of glucuronic acid consumption from kombucha, these effects are mainly attributed to the tea phytochemicals. However, there are some improvements in methodological deficiencies in some in vivo studies that should be considered. There is no sufficient evidence to generalize the adverse effects of kombucha consumption. Consumption of kombucha could be considered a safe practice in healthy populations due to its hepatoprotective effects. The content of the beneficial or toxic components is very variable because it depends on its manufacturing process. In persons with side sickness, other conditions such as pregnancy, and hypersensitivity to some kombucha components, a restriction in its consumption must be advisable.

Limited Diclosulam Herbicide Uptake and Translocation-Induced Tolerance in Crotalaria juncea.

The study was to identify the potential tolerance of Crotalaria juncea to diclosulam uptake and translocation and its effects on the physiological metabolism of plants. Two experiments were carried out; I-Evaluation of uptake and translocation of 14C-diclosulam (35 g a.i. ha-1) in C. juncea, at seven and 14 days after emergence. II-Evaluation of chlorophyll a transient fluorescence of dark-adapted C. juncea leaves when applied diclosulam in pre-emergence. Plants of C. juncea presented an anatomical/metabolic barrier to diclosulam translocation in the stem, which may confer tolerance to this herbicidal, besides reduced translocation due to low accumulation in the cotyledons. In addition, plants can maintain photosynthetic metabolism active when growing in soil with diclosulam by not changing the dynamics of energy dissipation. Thus, when cultivated in soil with residual of diclosulam, C. juncea can tolerate the herbicide to maintain plant growth.

Automedicação em adolescentes da rede estadual de ensino na cidade de Picos/Piauí / Self-medication in adolescents of the systemeducatinalin the city of Picos/Piauí / Automedicaciónen adolescentes de laredlaenseñanzaenlaciudad de Picos/Piauí

Objetivo: Analizar La práctica de La automedicación por los adolescentes em lãs escuelas públicas de Picos-PI. Método: Estudio descriptivo transversal que incluyó a 209 adolescentes. La recolección de datos se llevó a cabo em lãs reuniones semanales a través de um cuestionario. Resultados: El grupo de edad más frecuente fue de 17 años 94 (44,9%), 122 (58,4%) eranmujeres, vivía con la familia 129 (61,7%) enlas zonas urbanas 179 (85,7%) y católticos149 (71,2%). 209 (100%) se dedican a La automedicación, y fiebreel síntoma principal 120 (57,4%), y la forma de dosificación de latableta más consumido 168 (57,4%). La principal motivación para La automedicación fuel afacilidad de conseguir las drogas fuera de los establecimientos de salud 103 (49,3%), y 141 (67,5%) está de acuerdoen que los anuncios influyenen este comportamento. Conclusión: Los adolescentes practican La automedicacióncon alta frecuencia, que se refiere a lanecesidad de iniciativas estratégicas e ne lámbito local conelfin de reducir esta práctica

Objetivo: Analisar a prática de automedicação por adolescentes da rede estadual de ensino de Picos-PI. Método: Estudo descritivo e transversal, realizado com 209 adolescentes. A coleta de dados ocorreu em encontros semanais por meio de um questionário. Resultados: A faixa etária mais prevalente (94) foi de 17 anos (44,9%);122 (58,4%) do sexo feminino;129 moravam com a família (61,7%); 179 na zona urbana (85,7%);e 149 católicos (71,2%). 209(100%) praticam a automedicação, sendo a febre (120)o principal sintoma (57,4%), e o comprimido(168) a forma farmacêutica mais consumida (57,4%). A principal motivação para automedicação foi a facilidade de conseguir medicamentos fora dos estabelecimentos de saúde (103) (49,3%);e 141 (67,5%) concordam que propagandas influenciam esse comportamento.Conclusão: Os adolescentes praticam automedicação com elevada frequência, o que remete à necessidade de ações estratégicas a nível local com vistas à redução dessa prática

Objective: To analyze the practice of self-medication by adolescents of the Picos-PI state education system. Method: A descriptive and cross-sectional study with 209 adolescents. The data collection took place in weekly meetings through a questionnaire. Results: The most prevalent age group was 17 years (94.9%), 122 (58.4%) female, living with family 129 (61.7%), urban area 179 (85.7%), , And catholics149 (71.2%). 209 (100%) practice self-medication, fever being the main symptom 120 (57.4%), and the tablet the most consumed pharmaceutical form 168 (57.4%). The main motivation for self-medication was the ease of obtaining drugs outside health facilities 103 (49.3%), and 141 (67.5%) agree that advertisements influence this behavior. Conclusion: Adolescents practice self-medication with high frequency, which points to the need for strategic actions at the local level to reduce this practice

Intervenção de saúde sobre hipertensão e diabetes / Health intervention on hypertension and diabetes

Objetivo: apresentar a experiência de uma intervenção realizada com pacientes hipertensos e diabéticos, seguindo os parâmetros da Metodologia do Arco de Charles Maguerez. Método: trata-se estudo qualitativo, descritivo, tipo relato de experiência, sobre uma intervenção em saúde realizada por acadêmicos de Enfermagem e profissionais da saúde em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde. Referiu-se a atividade sobre a não adesão dos usuários ao programa HiperDia e, como metodologia, foi seguida a Problematização com Arco, de Charles Maguerez. Resultados: identificou-se a não adesão dos pacientes hipertensos e diabéticos às consultas de HiperDia e, com o auxílio das etapas Arco de Charles Maguerez, realizou-se uma intervenção em saúde onde foram ofertadas, aos participantes, consultas de Enfermagem com: verificação da pressão arterial, teste de glicemia e peso. Distribui-se, após a consulta, um lanche nutritivo, ressaltando a importância de uma alimentação saudável, bem como estimulando a prática regular de atividade física de forma correta, tornando esse processo essencial para o controle e tratamento das doenças. Conclusão: obteve-se um resultado positivo e satisfatório e, dessa forma, compreende-se que a realização de ações em saúde como essa faz total diferença no processo saúde-doença.(AU)

Objective: to present the experience of an intervention performed with hypertensive and diabetic patients, following the parameters of the Methodology of the Arch of Charles Maguerez. Method: this is a qualitative, descriptive study, a type of experience report, about a health intervention performed by nursing students and health professionals in a Basic Health Unit. The activity on non-adherence of users to the HiperDia program and, as methodology, Charles Maguerez's Problematization with Arch was followed. Results: the non-adherence of hypertensive and diabetic patients to HiperDia's consultations was identified and, with the aid of the steps of Charles Maguerez Arch, a health intervention was carried out, where the participants were offered Nursing consultations with: blood pressure, blood glucose test and weight. After the consultation, a nutritious snack is distributed, emphasizing the importance of a healthy diet, as well as stimulating the regular practice of physical activity in a correct way, making this process essential for the control and treatment of diseases. Conclusion: a positive and satisfactory result was obtained and, therefore, it is understood that the accomplishment of health actions like this makes a total difference in the health-disease process.(AU)

Objetivo: presentar la experiencia de una intervención realizada con pacientes hipertensos y diabéticos, siguiendo los parámetros de la Metodología del Arco de Charles Maguerez. Método: se trata de un estudio cualitativo, descriptivo, tipo relato de experiencia, sobre una intervención en salud realizada por academicos de Enfermería y profesionales de salud de una Unidad Basica de Salud. Se referió a la actividad sobre la no adhesión de los usuarios al programa HiperDia y, como metodologia, fue seguida la Problematización con Arco de Charles Maguerez. Resultados: se identificó la no adhesión de los pacientes hipertensos y diabéticos a las consultas de HiperDia y, con el auxilio de las etapas Arco de Charles Maguerez, se realizó una intervención en salud donde se ofrecieron a los participantes consultas de Enfermería con: verificación de la presión arterial, prueba de glucemia y peso. Se distribuye, después de la consulta, una merienda nutritiva, resaltando la importancia de una alimentación sana, así como estimulando la práctica regular de actividad física de forma correcta, haciendo este proceso esencial para el control y tratamiento de las enfermedades. Conclusión: se obtuvo un resultado positivo y satisfactorio y, de esa forma, se comprende que la realización de acciones en salud como esa hace total diferencia en el proceso salud-enfermedad.(AU)

Construção de uma cartilha sobre educação no trânsito para adolescentes / Construction of a booklet on education in the transit for adolescents

Objetivo: construir uma cartilha educativa para adolescentes sobre prevenção de acidentes de trânsito. Método: trata-se de estudo qualitativo, do tipo metodológico, que se conduziu por fases: iniciou-se com uma revisão narrativa acerca das medidas de prevenção e epidemiologia dos acidentes de trânsito no Brasil e, posteriormente, confecção do texto, layout e imagens do conteúdo proposto na cartilha. Resultados: dividiuse a cartilha em partes: pedestres, ciclistas, motociclistas e motoristas, sinalização e dicas de trânsito. Para cada componente descreveram-se meios de comportamento no trânsito acompanhados de ilustrações. Conclusão: construiu-se a cartilha que se apresenta como novo material de ensino nas atividades de educação em saúde com foco para a prevenção de acidentes de trânsito. Ressalta-se que em fase subsequente será submetida ao processo de validação de conteúdo e aparência.(AU)

Indicadores antropométricos, metabólicos e hemodinâmicos como preditores da síndrome metabólica em adolescentes / Indicadores antropométricos, metabólicos y hemodinámicos como predictores del Síndrome metabólico en adolescentes / Anthropometric, metabolic and hemodynamic indicators as predictors of metabolic syndrome in adolescents

OBJETIVO: Predizer a síndrome metabólica em adolescentes a partir de indicadores antropométricos, metabólicos e hemodinâmicos por análise de sensibilidade e especificidade. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, realizado entre julho de 2015 e março de 2016, com 186 adolescentes de oito escolas particulares do município de Picos, Piauí, Brasil. Coletaram-se os dados por meio de um formulário adaptado com informações sobre medidas antropométricas, metabólicas e pressão arterial nas dependências das escolas de forma individual em sala reservada para tal. Após um jejum noturno de 12 horas, realizou-se uma coleta de sangue venoso para posterior análise bioquímica. Utilizou-se o teste T para amostras independentes para comparação de médias dos indicadores com nível de significância de p < 0,05. Para seleção dos pontos de corte, adotaram-se as curvas receiver operating characteristic (ROC), utilizando-se os valores com sensibilidade e especificidade mais próximos entre si e não inferiores a 60%. RESULTADOS: Houve prevalência do sexo feminino (61,8%; n= 114), idade entre 15 a 19 anos (57,5%; n=106) e da síndrome em 2,7% (n=5) da amostra. Quando analisada a área sob a curva (AUC) ROC, encontraram-se como preditores significativos da síndrome na amostra total o índice de conicidade (AUC = 0,83), a lipoproteína de alta densidade (AUC = 0,88), a pressão arterial sistólica (AUC = 0,86) e a pressão arterial média (AUC = 0,84). CONCLUSÃO: Os indicadores investigados demonstraram-se preditores da síndrome metabólica, merecendo destaque o índice de conicidade, a lipoproteína de alta densidade, a pressão arterial sistólica e a pressão arterial média. (AU)

OBJECTIVE: To predict metabolic syndrome in adolescents using anthropometric, metabolic and hemodynamic indicators based on analysis of sensitivity and specificity. METHODS: Cross-sectional study carried out from July 2015 to March 2016 with 186 adolescents from eight private schools in the municipality of Picos, Piauí, Brazil. The data were individually collected using a form adapted with information on anthropometric, metabolic and blood pressure measures in a room reserved for such within the premises of the schools. After a 12-hour overnight fast, venous blood was collected for further biochemical analysis. The T-test was used for comparison of means in independent samples with significance level of p < 0.05. Cut-off scores were selected based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves using the values with sensitivity and specificity closest to each other and not below 60%. RESULTS: There was a predominance of women (61.8%; n= 114), age between 15 and 19 years (57.5%; n=106) and syndrome in 2.7% (n=5) of the sample. When the area under the curve (AUC) was analyzed, conicity index (AUC=0.83), high-density lipoprotein (AUC= 0.88), systolic blood pressure (AUC=0.86) and mean arterial pressure (AUC=0.84) were found to be significant predictors of the syndrome in the total sample. CONCLUSION: The indicators analyzed proved to be predictors of metabolic syndrome, particularly conicity index, high-density lipoprotein, systolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure. (AU)

OBJETIVO: Predecir el síndrome metabólico en adolescentes a partir de los indicadores antropométricos, metabólicos y hemodinámicos por el análisis de sensibilidad y especificidad. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal realizado entre julio de 2015 y marzo de 2016 con 186 adolescentes de ocho escuelas privadas del municipio de Picos, Piauí, Brasil. Se recogieron los datos a través de un formulario adaptado con informaciones sobre las medidas antropométricas, metabólicas y presión arterial en las escuelas de manera individual en clase reservada para ello. Después de un ayuno nocturno de 12 horas se realizó una colecta de sangre venosa para posterior análisis bioquímico. Se utilizó el test T para muestras independientes para la comparación de medias de los indicadores con el nivel de significación de p < 0,05. Para la elección de los puntos de corte, se adoptaron las curvas receiver operating characteristic (ROC), utilizándose los valores con sensibilidad y especificidad más cercanos entre si y no inferiores al 60%. RESULTADOS: Hubo prevalencia para el sexo femenino (61,8%; n= 114), edad entre 15 y 19 años (57,5%; n=106) y del síndrome en el 2,7% (n=5) de la muestra. Se han encontrado como predictores significativos para el síndrome en la muestra total el índice de conicidad (AUC = 0,83), la lipoproteina de baja densidad (AUC = 0,88), la presión arterial sistólica (AUC = 0,86) y la presión arterial media (AUC = 0,84) a partir del análisis del área bajo la curva (AUC) ROC. CONCLUSIÓN: Los indicadores investigados se han demostrado predictores del síndrome metabólico con especial importancia para el índice de conicidad, la lipoproteina de alta densidad, la presión arterial sistólica y la presión arterial media. (AU)

Sinais específicos em Libras para o ensino odontológico / Specific terms in Brazilian sign language for dental education

Diversas iniciativas governamentais têm sido realizadas para promover a inclusão de pessoas surdas no ensino superior. Entretanto, o ingresso de um estudante surdo em um curso de Odontologia é de extrema complexidade, devido a vários motivos, dentre eles a carência de termos odontológicos em Libras. O objetivo deste trabalho foi criar e disponibilizar sinais odontológicos específicos em Libras. Uma equipe multidisciplinar selecionou os quinze primeiros termos a serem criados, os quais tiveram seus conceitos e explicações técnicas demonstrados para um docente surdo. Em seguida, o professor criava o sinal, que era registrado por vídeos e fotografias. Os dados técnicos da sinalização foram descritos detalhadamente e em seguida publicados junto às fotos e vídeos em sítio web. A criação do site e a disponibilização dos termos odontológicos específicos em Libras caracteriza o início de um processo de inclusão e permanência de pessoas surdas no Curso de Odontologia. A continuidade desse trabalho permitirá que os sinais sejam constantemente criados e adicionados ao glossário, a fim de auxiliar o ensino de pessoas surdas e aperfeiçoar a atuação do tradutor/interprete de Libras, contribuindo de forma pioneira para a formação de futuros cirurgiões dentistas surdos (AU).

Several governmental initiatives have been undertaken to include deaf people in higher education. However, the admission of a deaf student in the School of Dentistry has several difficulties, including the lack of dental signs in Brazilian sign language (Libras). The aim of this work was to create and make available specific dental signs in Libras. Then the teacher created the signal, which was recorded by videos and photographs. The technical data of the signs were described in detail and then published together with the photos and videos on the website. The creation of the website and the availability of the specific dental terms in Libras characterizes the beginning of a process of inclusion and permanence of deaf people in the Dental courses. The continuity of this work will allow the signs to be constantly created and added to the glossary in order to assist the teaching of deaf people and improve the translator/interpreter performance of Libras, contributing in a pioneering way to the training of future deaf dental surgeons (AU).

Perfil clínico e metabólico e sua relação com resistência à insulina entre escolares / Clinical and metabolic profile and its relationship with insulin resistance among school children

Investigar o perfil clínico e metabólico e sua relação com resistência à insulina entre escolares.Métodos: estudo transversal realizado com 186 adolescentes de 10 a 19 anos. Foram consideradas variáveisclínicas: índice de massa corporal, circunferência da cintura e do pescoço, índice de conicidade, pressãoarterial sistólica, diastólica e média; variáveis metabólicas: triglicerídeos, glicemia, colesterol total, high-densitylipoprotein e low-density lipoprotein colesterol, insulina e índice Homeostasis Model Assessment. Considerousesignificância estatística p<0,05. Resultados: observou-se prevalência do sexo feminino, com 19,4% e 6,5%de excesso de peso e obesidade, respectivamente. A prevalência de resistência à insulina foi de 42,5%. Nadistribuição das variáveis clínicas e metabólicas dos adolescentes segundo os quartis do índice HomeostasisModel Assessment pressão arterial sistêmica, glicemia e insulina aumentaram à medida que os valores do índiceHomeostasis Model Assessment elevavam. Conclusão: resistência insulínica está presente em adolescentes e estacondição associa-se às alterações clínicas e metabólicas...

Doenças cardiovasculares: fatores de risco em adolescentes / Cardiovascular diseases: risk factors in adolescents

O objetivo do estudo foi investigar os fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares em adolescentes do município de Picos-Piauí. Estudo descritivo e transversal realizado com 151 adolescentes. A coleta de dados ocorreu no período de agosto a outubro de 2013 nas escolas particulares. Os resultados evidenciaram que há presença de alterações na pressão arterial nos indivíduos do sexo masculino e feminino, 8,6% e 14,8%, respectivamente, com os valores entre os percentis 90 e 95, classificando como limítrofe. A maioria da amostra apresentou excesso de peso. O perfil lipídico estava alterado em boa parte da população estudada. Com base nesses achados, torna-se necessário a formulação de estratégias de prevenção para os adolescentes visando à promoção de estilos de vida saudáveis como dietas com baixa densidade energética e incremento na atividade física (AU).

El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar los factores de riesgo a las enfermedades cardiovasculares en adolescentes del municipio de Picos-Piauí. Estudio descriptivo y transversal, realizado con 151 adolescentes. Datos recolectados durante el período de agosto a octubre de 2013 en las escuelas particulares. Los resultados evidenciaron que existe presencia de alteraciones en la presión arterial de los individuos de sexo masculino y femenino, 8,6% y 14,8% respectivamente, con los valores entre los percentiles 90 y 95 clasificando como limítrofes. La mayoría de la muestra presentó exceso de peso. El perfil lipídico estaba alterado en buena parte de la población estudiada. En base a tales hallazgos, resulta necesaria la formulación de estrategias de prevención para los adolescentes, apuntando a la promoción de estilos de vida saludables, incluyendo dietas de baja densidad energética e incremento de la actividad física (AU).

The objective of this study was to investigate risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in adolescents in the city of Picos, in the state of Piauí, Brazil. A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with 151 adolescents. Data were collected from August to October of 2013 in private schools. The results showed that there are variations in blood pressure of 8.6% and 14.8% in men and women, respectively, with values from 90% to 95%, classifying as bordering high. The majority of the sample presented overweight. The lipid profile of the majority of the population studied was altered. Based on these facts, the development of prevention strategies for adolescents is necessary, aiming to promote healthy lifestyles, such as low-calorie diets and increase of physical activity (AU).

Parental perceptions of transition from intensive care following a child's cardiac surgery.

BACKGROUND: Children with congenital heart disease (CHD) who undergo cardiac surgery are hospitalized in a paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) prior to being transferred to a surgical ward. This is a challenging transition for parents of children with CHD who experience high levels of stress related to their child's illness. AIM: To explore parents' perceptions of the transition from the PICU to the surgical ward following their child's cardiac surgery. STUDY DESIGN: A qualitative descriptive design using semi-structured interviews was used to explore parents' perceptions of the transfer experience. METHODS: All parents of children with CHD who met inclusion criteria were approached to participate. Parents were recruited until data saturation was achieved (n = 9). Interviews were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were coded and thematically analysed concurrently with data collection. RESULTS: Parents described having mixed feelings of happiness and uncertainty upon learning that their child would be transferred to the surgical ward (theme 1). Parents' uncertainty prompted a need to rally for the upcoming transfer, a process in which the nurse was perceived to play an important role (theme 2). Once transferred to the surgical ward, parents described having to come to terms with a new care experience in which they encountered new role expectations and a challenging new environment (theme 3). CONCLUSION: Emotional reactions to transfer were generally consistent with the literature, although parents in our study did not describe feelings of isolation related to transition as reported elsewhere. We also identified the timing of transfer as a potential source of stress for parents. Parents identified key nursing interventions that helped them to prepare for transfer and come to terms with challenges in their new environment. RELEVANCE TO PRACTICE: A deeper understanding of parents' transfer experience will facilitate the development of effective nursing interventions to support parents at this time.