A Novel 3D Tunneling Surgical Technique (3DT) for the Treatment of Gingival Recessions with Reconstruction of the Deficient Interdental Papilla and Interproximal Attachment Regeneration: Case Series.

BACKGROUND: Current concepts in periodontology emphasize an important distinguishing aspect of the interproximal attachment, assigning its major influential significance as a key diagnostic and prognostic factor. A complete regeneration of the interproximal clinical attachment has become a primary determinant of the periodontal success. Since mid - 20th century have been published numerous articles on root coverage procedures but mostly for non-proximal gingival recessions. When it comes to the interdental area, literature does not inspire the same level of confidence. OBJECTIVES: This study is aimed to introduce an innovative 3D - Tunneling Surgical Technique for the gingival papilla reconstruction and supra-alveolar interproximal attachment regeneration. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The technique is described step by step and shown on three selected clinical cases of multiple bilateral adjacent gingival recessions type 2 and 3 in the lower anterior area with follow - up results of up to 6.5 years. RESULTS: A total of 18 proximal, mid-buccal and mid-lingual recessions were treated simultaneously. Mean root coverage up to 88.9% has been achieved in the proximal area. CONCLUSION: Within its limits, this study demonstrates a possibility of treating gingival recessions with deficient papilla in the mandibular anterior region, achieving a significant clinical improvement with the long-term stability.

Adhesion of oil to kaolinite in water.

Uniform coats of kaolinite particles on a flat glass substrate were prepared to be sufficiently smooth and thin to allow reliable measurement of contact angles of captive crude oil drops in a range of salt solutions, without any particle removal. The contact angle hysteresis was used to infer the extent of oil adhesion via rupture of the intervening water film and anchoring of charged groups to kaolinite. For sodium chloride solutions, adhesion decreases monotonically with pH and/or salinity, with strong adhesion only manifested under acidic conditions with salinity at most 0.1 M. Calcium chloride solutions at pH around 6 switch from strong adhesion in the range 0.001-0.01 M to weak adhesion at higher concentrations. For all mixtures of sodium and calcium chlorides investigated, a total ionic strength above 0.1 M guarantees a weak adhesion of oil to kaolinite. Results are qualitatively consistent with theoretical expectations of electrostatic interactions, with H(+) and Ca(2+) being potential-determining ions for both interfaces.