The Psychosocial Effects of Taekwondo Training: A Meta-Analysis.

Taekwondo is a Korean martial art and international sport, and its psychosocial benefits for its trainees have been studied extensively. This review aims to systematically assess and meta-analyze the effects of Taekwondo training on sociality, character, etiquette, and school life adjustment. We searched the RISS, NDSL, and KISS electronic databases between January 1985 and December 2019. We also included gray literature, such as theses, in addition to peer-reviewed articles. R software (version 3.6.2, R Core Team, Vienna, Austria) was used to synthesize the effect sizes and perform moderation analyses. Twenty-eight studies (24 cross-sectional and four intervention studies) were included in the final meta-analysis. Significant positive effects of Taekwondo training were found on sociality (MD = 0.266, 95% CI: 0.191 to 0.341), character (MD = 0.446, 95% CI: 0.331-0.560), etiquette (MD = 0.562, 95% CI: 0.500-0.624), and school life adjustment (MD = 0.308, 95% CI: 0.195-0.421). Overall, the findings of this meta-analysis support that Taekwondo can have a positive impact on the psychosocial factors of trainees. Due to several limitations discussed, well-designed RCTs and multiple levels of Taekwondo intervention studies should be conducted in future research to validate the current findings.

Effects of Taekwondo Training on Body Composition: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Taekwondo training on body composition and to evaluate the magnitude of the effect. METHODS: Databases were used to select studies related to the effectiveness of Taekwondo training, and the inclusion criteria were as follows. RESULTS: Thirty-seven studies were selected. We found statistically significant differences from the control group in weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR), body fat mass, body fat percentage, lean mass, and muscle mass. Also, the age group was statistically significant in control variables on weight, BMI, and body fat percentage. CONCLUSIONS: Taekwondo training had a positive effect on body composition, and these results suggest that Taekwondo training is an effective exercise method to lower obesity.

PTP-1B inhibitors: cyclopenta[d][1,2]-oxazine derivatives.

A series of novel cyclopenta[d][1,2]-oxazine derivatives was prepared and evaluated for their inhibitory activity toward protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP-1B). Compound 6s was found to be an inhibitor of PTP-1B with nanomolar IC(50) value and high level of selectivity over other recombinant phosphatases.

Enantioselective Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation via S(N)2' Displacements of Acyclic Allylic Mesylates(1).

The copper-mediated S(N)2' displacement of enantiomerically pure allylic mesyloxy vinyl sulfoxides takes place with high yields and stereoselectivities. In these adducts, the newly created chiral center is adjacent to a vinyl sulfoxide functionality which should allow for subsequent chirality transfer operations. Alternatively, enantiopure alkenyl sulfones and alkenes bearing an allylic stereocenter are readily available from these adducts with high geometric control. The S(N)2' displacements of structurally related mesyloxy sulfides and sulfones with organocuprates have been examined. From a single enantiomer at the allylic alcohol position, the absolute configuration of the new chiral center may be controlled by adjusting the oxidation level on sulfur.