Feasibility of Assessing Maxillary and Mandibular Bone Mineral Density for Dental Implantation by Using Multidetector Computed Tomography.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of measuring bone mineral density (BMD) of the maxillary and mandibular bones for dental implantation by using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed MDCT in 141 patients (78 women and 63 men) at the lumbar vertebrae and at the maxillary and mandibular bones, with a view to dental implantation, from July 2015 to June 2017. Quantitative CT (QCT) using MDCT was performed to obtain Hounsfield unit (HU) values for the maxillary and mandibular bones and to obtain T scores for the lumbar vertebrae. We statistically analyzed the relationships among HU values, and the correlations of QCT values with T scores and of T scores with HU values. RESULTS: There were statistically significant correlations among all these parameters. CONCLUSIONS: QCT using MDCT of the maxillary and mandibular bones seems to be a feasible method for measuring BMD before dental implantation.

Unsolved Questions on the Anatomy of the Ventricular Conduction System.

We reviewed the anatomical characteristics of the conduction system in the ventricles of human and ungulate hearts and then raised some questions to be answered by clinical and anatomical studies in the future. The ventricular conduction system is a 3-dimensional structure as compared to the 2-dimensional character of the atrial conduction system. The proximal part consisting of the atrioventricular node, the bundle of His and fascicles are groups of conducting cells surrounded by fibrous connective tissue so as to insulate from the underlying myocardium. Their location and morphological characters are well established. The bundle of His is a cord like structure but the left and right fascicles are broad at the proximal and branching at the distal part. The more distal part of fascicles and Purkinje system are linear networks of conducting cells at the immediate subendocardium but the intra-mural network is detected at the inner half of the ventricular wall. The papillary muscle also harbors Purkinje system not in the deeper part. It is hard to recognize histologically in human hearts but conducting cells as well as Purkinje cells are easily recognized in ungulate hearts. Further observation on human and ungulate hearts with myocardial infarct, we could find preserved Purkinje system at the subendocardium in contrast to the damaged system at the deeper myocardium. Further studies are necessary on the anatomical characteristics of this peripheral conduction system so as to correlate the clinical data on hearts with ventricular arrhythmias.

Characteristics of Cutaneous Lymphomas in Korea According to the New WHO-EORTC Classification: Report of a Nationwide Study.

BACKGROUND: Previously, cutaneous lymphomas were classified according to either the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) or the World Health Organization (WHO) classification paradigms. The aim of this study was to determine the relative frequency of Korean cutaneous lymphoma according to the new WHO-EORTC classification system. METHODS: A total of 517 patients were recruited during a recent 5 year-period (2006-2010) from 21 institutes and classified according to the WHO-EORTC criteria. RESULTS: The patients included 298 males and 219 females, and the mean age at diagnosis was 49 years. The lesions preferentially affected the trunk area (40.2%). The most frequent subtypes in order of decreasing prevalence were mycosis fungoides (22.2%), peripheral T-cell lymphoma (17.2%), CD30+ T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder (13.7%), and extranodal natural killer/T (NK/T) cell lymphoma, nasal type (12.0%). Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma accounted for 11.2% of cases, half of which were secondary cutaneous involvement; other types of B-cell lymphoma accounted for less than 1% of cases. CONCLUSIONS: In comparison with data from Western countries, this study revealed relatively lower rates of mycosis fungoides and B-cell lymphoma in Korean patients, as well as higher rates of subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma and NK/T cell lymphoma.

Expression of anaphase-promoting complex7 in fibroadenomas and phyllodes tumors of breast.

The proteolytic destruction of cyclin B is an important event during cell division. Cyclin B proteolysis is triggered by the anaphase-promoting complex. Therefore, cell cycle dysregulation due to anaphase-promoting complex loss contributes to cell transformation and human carcinogenesis. This study investigates anaphase-promoting complex7 expression in spindle cell breast tumors and also includes a comparison between the proliferation antigen Ki-67 and S-phase fraction. The average values of the anaphase-promoting complex7 and Ki-67 labeling indices increased in order from benign to malignant within the phyllodes tumor group, and the fibroadenoma and juvenile fibroadenoma exhibited lower levels of anaphase-promoting complex7 and Ki-67 expression than did the phyllodes tumor. The frequency of anaphase-promoting complex7-positive stromal cells correlated with Ki-67 expression in phyllodes tumor and in all of the examined breast tumors. The above results indicate that anaphase-promoting complex7 and Ki-67 are closely related to cell proliferation. In addition, phyllodes tumor can be differentiated from juvenile fibroadenoma with increased mitotic figures mimicking phyllodes tumor by anaphase-promoting complex7 and Ki-67 immunochemistry. Because anaphase-promoting complex7 is expressed at higher levels than is Ki-67, it may overcome the limitations of the Ki-67 labeling index with regard to the differentiation of benign phyllodes tumor from fibroadenoma.