Preparation of Contiguous Bisaziridines for Regioselective Ring-Opening Reactions.

Aziridines, a class of reactive organic molecules containing a three-membered ring, are important synthons for the synthesis of a large variety of functionalized nitrogen-containing target compounds through the regiocontrolled ring-opening of C-substituted aziridines. Despite the tremendous progress in aziridine synthesis over the past decade, accessing contiguous bisaziridines efficiently remains difficult. Therefore, we were interested in synthesizing contiguous bisaziridines bearing an electronically diverse set of N-substituents beyond the single aziridine backbone for regioselective ring-opening reactions with diverse nucleophiles. In this study, chiral contiguous bisaziridines were prepared by organocatalytic asymmetric aziridination of chiral (E)-3-((S)-1-((R)-1-phenylethyl)aziridin-2-yl)acrylaldehyde with N-Ts-O-tosyl or N-Boc-O-tosyl hydroxylamine as the nitrogen source in the presence of (2S)-[diphenyl(trimethylsilyloxy)methyl]pyrrolidine as a chiral organocatalyst. Also demonstrated here are representative examples of regioselective ring-opening reactions of contiguous bisaziridines with a variety of nucleophiles such as sulfur, nitrogen, carbon, and oxygen, and the application of contiguous bisaziridines to the synthesis of multi-substituted chiral pyrrolidines by Pd-catalyzed hydrogenation.

Interface Engineering for Fabricating Semitransparent and Flexible Window-Film-Type Organic Solar Cells.

We fabricated window-film-type organic photovoltaics with flexible transparent electrodes (FTEs). By overcoming the poor adhesion between layers, we created ultrathin metal electrodes (bottom FTE) on flexible substrates and transferred conducting polymers onto the photoactive layer (top FTE), providing power conversion efficiencies of 4.9% (7.4%) with average visible transmittances of 38% (18%).