RESUMO
Throughout 1999, clinical microbiology laboratories of 13 hospitals in Brittany have recovered Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in 832 patients, 312 (37.5%) female and 518 (62.2%) male. Two hundred fifty five of them (30.6%) were children. One hundred eighty eight isolates were recovered from blood cultures (22.6%), 16 from CSF (1.9%), 449 from lungs (54%), and 88 from ear exsudates (10.6%).A 5 microgram oxacillin-disk test was used to detect isolates with reduced susceptibility to penicillin G. Determination of MICs of penicillin G, amoxicillin and cefotaxime were then performed by agar dilution method on 402 strains previously categorized resistant or intermediate. Five hundred forty six isolates were PSDP, 33.5% of them were resistant to penicillin G, 2.2% to amoxicillin and 0.2% to cefotaxime. As expected, a decreased susceptibility to beta-lactamins was frequently associated with resistance to macrolides, cotrimoxazole and tetracycline. Among PSDP, the most prevalent serotypes were 23 (23.7%), 14 (23.5%) and 19 (19.1%). In Brittany, the constant rise of PSDP (1993-1994: 28.5%; 1997: 56.4%; 1999: 65.6 %) could be perhaps explain by analysis of social and demographic data.