Active image optimization for lattice light sheet microscopy in thick samples.

Lattice light-sheet microscopy (LLSM) is a very efficient technique for high resolution 3D imaging of dynamic phenomena in living biological samples. However, LLSM imaging remains limited in depth due to optical aberrations caused by sample-based refractive index mismatch. Here, we propose a simple and low-cost active image optimization (AIO) method to recover high resolution imaging inside thick biological samples. AIO is based on (1) a light-sheet autofocus step (AF) followed by (2) an adaptive optics image-based optimization. We determine the optimum AIO parameters to provide a fast, precise and robust aberration correction on biological samples. Finally, we demonstrate the performances of our approach on sub-micrometric structures in brain slices and plant roots.

A 2 D high accuracy slope measuring system based on a Stitching Shack Hartmann Optical Head.

We present a 2D Slope measuring System based on a Stitching Shack Hartmann Optical Head (SSH-OH) aiming to perform high accuracy optical metrology for X-ray mirrors. This system was developed to perform high-accuracy automated metrology for extremely high quality optical components needed for synchrotrons or Free Electrons Lasers (FEL), EUV lithography and x-ray astronomy with slope error accuracy better than 50 nrad rms.

Yelkouan shearwater Puffinus yelkouan presence and behaviour at colonies: not only a moonlight question.

We describe and test the influence of several environmental and biological factors on the presence and activity patterns of the Mediterranean endemic yelkouan shearwater Puffinus yelkouan at colonies. Bird arrival at breeding sites is highly correlated with nautical dusk for moonless or slightly moonlit nightfalls and correlated with moonset when the moon is visible. Breeding cycle and wind speed affect both the arrival times and presence at colonies. Bird activity also varies throughout the night and sex ratio on colonies throughout the breeding cycle in relation to breeding duties. Breeder and non-breeder behaviour particularly differs in the time spent on the ground outside burrows, without protection. Finally, factors other than moonlight can be essential in determining the presence and behaviour of petrels and shearwaters at breeding sites, and we need to determine how differences in behaviour at colonies could be related to differential predation risk.