Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 5 de 5
Filtrar
Mais filtros










Base de dados
Intervalo de ano de publicação
1.
Animals (Basel) ; 11(7)2021 Jun 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34202129

RESUMO

Animal Welfare Attitudes (AWA) are defined as human attitudes towards the welfare of animals in different dimensions and settings. Demographic factors, such as age and gender are associated with AWA. The aim of this study was to assess gender differences among university students in a large convenience sample from twenty-two nations in AWA. A total of 7914 people participated in the study (5155 women, 2711 men, 48 diverse). Participants completed a questionnaire that collected demographic data, typical diet and responses to the Composite Respect for Animals Scale Short version (CRAS-S). In addition, we used a measure of gender empowerment from the Human Development Report. The largest variance in AWA was explained by diet, followed by country and gender. In terms of diet, 6385 participants reported to be omnivores, 296 as pescatarian, 637 ate a vegetarian diet and 434 were vegans (n = 162 without answer). Diet was related with CRAS-S scores; people with a vegan diet scored higher in AWA than omnivores. Women scored significantly higher on AWA than men. Furthermore, gender differences in AWA increased as gender inequality decreased.

2.
Sleep Sci ; 12(1): 10-14, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31105889

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Studies have shown that poor sleep is related to burnout, but research to date has not yet explored sleep-related factors in relation to school burnout. METHODS: A total of 555 students, aged 15 to 20 years, participated in this study. The participants reported their diurnal patterns, sleep quality, tiredness, and school burnout in printed questionnaires. Using logistic regression analysis, the study examined how sleep-related factors explained school burnout. RESULTS: School burnout was related to daytime sleepiness, tiredness and poor sleep quality. Neither time in bed, social jet lag nor diurnal preferences could explain school burnout. CONCLUSION: The results contribute to the growing evidence showing the importance of sleep for well-being.

3.
Sleep Sci ; 9(2): 78-83, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27656270

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Despite progress in research concerning adolescent and young adult sleep and circadian preferences, several aspects have remained unexamined. This study explored gender and diurnal rhythms in relation to several sleep-related factors: sleep duration, bedtime, wake-up time, tiredness, sleepiness, and optimal subjective sleep duration. METHODS: Circadian preferences and sleep were investigated in 555 (Females N=247) Finnish students aged 15-20. The self-report measures included a shortened version of the Horne-Östberg Morningness-Eveningness Scale, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale as well as items probing feelings of tiredness, optimal subjective sleep durations, and bedtime and wake-up time on the most recent day and a typical weekend. Data were collected from Tuesday to Thursday during an ordinary school week. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The most frequent chronotype was the intermediate type (54%), and compared to previous studies, the prevalence of evening-oriented individuals was high (37%), whereas only 9% of the participants were classified as morning oriented. No gender-specific or chronotype-specific differences in sleep durations were observed, but girls/women and evening-orientated individuals reported suffering more from sleepiness, compared to boys/men and more morning-typed participants, respectively. About 20% of the total sample indicated that their subjective need for sleep was not satisfied during the weekdays nor the weekend, indicating chronic sleep deprivation. Among girls/women and evening-oriented individuals, the subjective sleep need was greater for weekday nights.

4.
Percept Mot Skills ; 98(1): 223-36, 2004 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15058885

RESUMO

A test for children's goal-directed behavior was developed, based on neuropsychological executive function research of Vilkki and Holst and on the framework of Lewin's level-of-aspiration research. 46 12-yr.-old children were participants. Fluid Intelligence was expected to be linked to goal-directed behavior and a commonly used executive function task, the Wisconsin Card-sorting Test. A child was asked to set personal goals in a short-term memory task without prior knowledge about performance. Four different task versions were developed employing both verbal (memorizing series of words) and visuospatial (memorizing block sequences) material. The child set an individual goal for each memory trial. Goal-setting after successful and failed trials was investigated. Usually, the children lowered their goals after failures and set their goals higher or did not change them after successful trials. Compared to goal on a previous trial, Inadequate Responses included setting a goal higher after a failed trial and setting it lower after success. Fluid Intelligence was related to goal-directed behavior, viz., Inadequate Responses. It also correlated with scores on the Wisconsin Card-sorting Test. The results are in concordance with previous research. In addition to experimental executive function research, the novel test might be useful in research concerning children's motivation, self-efficacy, and self-regulated learning.


Assuntos
Comportamento Infantil , Cognição/fisiologia , Objetivos , Memória de Curto Prazo/fisiologia , Criança , Lobo Frontal/fisiologia , Humanos , Testes Neuropsicológicos , Projetos Piloto
5.
Appl Neuropsychol ; 10(4): 234-8, 2003.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14690804

RESUMO

The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT; Bechara, Damasio, Damasio, & Anderson, 1994) was investigated in relation to fluid intelligence and two conventional executive function tasks: letter fluency and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. Fifty-one children aged 8-10 years and a heterogeneous group of 40 adults served as participants. Adults outperformed children on all measures except one; this was the number of good cards selected in the IGT. Intercorrelations among executive function tasks were low. The number of good cards in the IGT appeared to be lower than in previous studies. Reasons for poor performance are discussed. The IGT may possess some shortcomings, which should be investigated in future studies. In clinical usage, the IGT may best serve as a complementary tool to the executive functions test battery.


Assuntos
Cognição , Jogo de Azar/psicologia , Testes de Inteligência , Adulto , Criança , Transtornos Cognitivos/diagnóstico , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise e Desempenho de Tarefas
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...