RESUMO
The lipids isolated from different animal tissues have been studied qualitatively, by TLC, for the occurrence of the ungulic acid fraction. This fraction was found in considerable amounts only in epidermal tissues and its keratinized derivatives. In the present study it was isolated from human keratinous epidermis, hair, and nails, pig bristles, wool, and feathers. The analytical results indicated that a lipid fraction from all of these sources contained ceramide, galactose, galactosamine, sulfate, and sialic acid in equimolar amounts, and that the fractions were similar to the ungulic acid isolated earlier from a horse's hoof.
Assuntos
Lipídeos/análise , Pele/análise , Amino Álcoois/análise , Animais , Cromatografia em Camada Fina , Ácidos Graxos/análise , Plumas/análise , Feminino , Galactose/análise , Glicóis/análise , Cabelo/análise , Hexosaminas/análise , Humanos , Unhas/análise , Ácidos Neuramínicos/análise , Ovinos , Ácidos Sulfúricos/análise , Suínos , Lã/análiseAssuntos
Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos , Gangliosídeos/farmacologia , Ágar , Emulsões , Enterococcus faecalis/efeitos dos fármacos , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Técnicas In Vitro , Klebsiella/efeitos dos fármacos , Metanol , Métodos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteus/efeitos dos fármacos , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/efeitos dos fármacos , Soluções , Staphylococcus/efeitos dos fármacos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Human epidermis, hair, nails, and kidney as well as bovine and horses' hooves were found to contain a lipid fraction, which on thin-layer chromatography migrated slightly ahead of the cerebroside sulfate esters and gave the color reaction specific for sialic acid. This fraction was isolated from horse hoof, in which it constituted nearly half of the total lipids. The purified fraction contained sulfur, but no phosphorus. The IR spectrum revealed the presence of a sulfate group, which was also determined by the benzidine method. Thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatography of the products of acid hydrolysis revealed the presence of sphingosine, galactose, galactosamine, and sialic acid. Fatty acid analysis showed that stearic acid was the major component, with minor amounts of palmitic and arachidic acids. The fraction isolated contained ceramide, sialic acid, galactose, galactosamine, and sulfate in equimolar amounts. We conclude that the new lipid is a ganglioside sulfate, which we have called "ungulic acid" because it was first separated and identified from a horse's hoof (Latin, ungula).
