Antiarthritic and Antihyperalgesic Properties of Ethanolic Extract from Gomphrena celosioides Mart. (Amaranthaceae) Aerial Parts.

Gomphrena celosioides Mart. (Amaranthaceae) is used in folk medicine as a natural analgesic, and in Brazil, the species of genus Gomphrena is used for rheumatism. However, scientific evidence which supports its popular use as an analgesic is scarce. This study assessed the antiarthritic and antihyperalgesic activities of the ethanolic extract obtained from G. celosioides aerial parts on Swiss or C57BL/6 mice. The antiarthritic and antihyperalgesic potential of Gomphrena celosioides was evaluated using paw edema, mechanical hyperalgesia, cold allodynia, carrageenan-induced pleurisy, articular inflammation zymosan-induced, Freund's complete adjuvant-induced inflammation zymosan-induced peritonitis, and carrageenan-induced adhesion and rolling experiment models. All doses of G. celosioides (300, 700, and 1000 mg/kg) significantly reduced edema formation in all the intervals evaluated, whereas the mechanical hyperalgesia was reduced 3 hours after the carrageenan injection. The cold hyperalgesia was significantly decreased 3 (700 mg/kg) and 4 hours (700 and 1000 mg/kg) after the carrageenan injection. Ethanolic extract of G. celosioides at 1000 mg/kg reduced the total leukocyte number, without interfering in the protein extravasation in carrageenan-induced pleurisy model. Ethanolic extract of G. celosioides (300 mg/kg) was also able to reduce significantly the leukocyte migration in zymosan-induced articular edema, while a reduction of the adhesion and migration and leukocyte rolling was induced by the ethanolic extract of G. celosioides (300 mg/kg) in zymosan-induced peritonitis. In Freund's complete adjuvant-induced inflammation model, an edema formation and mechanical hyperalgesia reduction were induced by the ethanolic extract of G. celosioides on day 22, whereas the cold allodynia was reduced on day 6 of treatment with the extract. These results show that ethanolic extract of G. celosioides has antihyperalgesic and antiarthritic potential in different acute and persistent models, explaining, at least in part, the ethnopharmacological relevance of this plant as a natural analgesic agent.

Análise microbiológica e parasitológica de alfaces in natura obtida de três cidades do interior de Mato Grosso do Sul MS

Alimentar-se de forma segura e saudável nas últimas décadas pode ser um desafio para toda a população. Isso porque cada vez mais se busca ingerir alimentos de origem vegetal ou in natura. Entretanto, os procedimentos de higienização e controle de contaminantes precisam ser realizados de forma eficientes. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a presença de contaminantes microbiológicos e parasitários em alfaces obtidos do cultivo tradicional e hidropônico de três cidades do interior de Mato Grosso do Sul. A maioria das amostras independente do tipo de cultivo apresentaram quantidades superiores aos limites estabelecidos pela Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária quanto a presença de coliformes termotolerantes, entretanto, apenas uma das amostras obtidas (cultivo hidropônico) apresentou contaminantes parasitário (Strongyloides stercolaris). Os dados obtidos demonstram a importância do emprego de métodos de higienização por parte dos consumidores previamente ao consumo para evitar contaminantes advindos dessa fonte alimentar. Outro ponto interessante é que os procedimentos de controle higiênicosanitário devem ser empregados independentes da forma do cultivo das hortaliças adquiridas para consumo.(AU)

Eating safely and healthily in recent decades can be a challenge for the entire population. This is because more and more people are looking to eat foods of plant origin or fresh. However, the procedures for cleaning and controlling contaminants need to be carried out efficiently. Thus, the objective of this work was to verify the presence of microbiological and parasitic contaminants in lettuces obtained from the traditional and hydroponic cultivation of three cities in the interior of Mato Grosso do Sul. by the National Health Surveillance Agency regarding the presence of thermotolerant coliforms, however, only one of the samples obtained (hydroponic cultivation) presented parasitic contaminants (Strongyloides stercolaris). The data obtained demonstrate the importance of using hygiene methods by consumers prior to consumption to avoid contaminants from this food source. Another interesting point is that the hygienic-sanitary control procedures should be used regardless of the form of cultivation of vegetables purchased for consumption.(AU)

ANÁLISE MICROBIOLÓGICA E PARASITOLÓGICA DE ALFACES IN NATURA OBTIDA DE TRÊS CIDADES DO INTERIOR DE MATO GROSSO DO SUL ­ MS

Alimentar-se de forma segura e saudável nas últimas décadas pode ser um desafio para toda a população. Isso porque cada vez mais se busca ingerir alimentos de origem vegetal ou in natura. Entretanto, os procedimentos de higienização e controle de contaminantes precisam ser realizados de forma eficientes. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a presença de contaminantes microbiológicos e parasitários em alfaces obtidos do cultivo tradicional e hidropônico de três cidades do interior de Mato Grosso do Sul. A maioria das amostras independente do tipo de cultivo apresentaram quantidades superiores aos limites estabelecidos pela Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária quanto a presença de coliformes termotolerantes, entretanto, apenas uma das amostras obtidas (cultivo hidropônico) apresentou contaminantes parasitário (Strongyloides stercolaris). Os dados obtidos demonstram a importância do emprego de métodos de higienização por parte dos consumidores previamente ao consumo para evitar contaminantes advindos dessa fonte alimentar. Outro ponto interessante é que os procedimentos de controle higiênico-sanitário devem ser empregados independentes da forma do cultivo das hortaliças adquiridas para consumo

Eating safely and healthily in recent decades can be a challenge for the entire population. This is because more and more people are looking to eat foods of plant origin or fresh. However, the procedures for cleaning and controlling contaminants need to be carried out efficiently. Thus, the objective of this work was to verify the presence of microbiological and parasitic contaminants in lettuces obtained from the traditional and hydroponic cultivation of three cities in the interior of Mato Grosso do Sul. by the National Health Surveillance Agency regarding the presence of thermotolerant coliforms, however, only one of the samples obtained (hydroponic cultivation) presented parasitic contaminants (Strongyloides stercolaris). The data obtained demonstrate the importance of using hygiene methods by consumers prior to consumption to avoid contaminants from this food source. Another interesting point is that the hygienic-sanitary control procedures should be used regardless of the form of cultivation of vegetables purchased for consumption

Análise microbiológica e parasitológica de alfaces in natura obtida de três cidades do interior de Mato Grosso do Sul – MS

Alimentar-se de forma segura e saudável nas últimas décadas pode ser um desafio para toda a população. Isso porque cada vez mais se busca ingerir alimentos de origem vegetal ou in natura. Entretanto, os procedimentos de higienização e controle de contaminantes precisam ser realizados de forma eficientes. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a presença de contaminantes microbiológicos e parasitários em alfaces obtidos do cultivo tradicional e hidropônico de três cidades do interior de Mato Grosso do Sul. A maioria das amostras independente do tipo de cultivo apresentaram quantidades superiores aos limites estabelecidos pela Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária quanto a presença de coliformes termotolerantes, entretanto, apenas uma das amostras obtidas (cultivo hidropônico) apresentou contaminantes parasitário (Strongyloides stercolaris). Os dados obtidos demonstram a importância do emprego de métodos de higienização por parte dos consumidores previamente ao consumo para evitar contaminantes advindos dessa fonte alimentar. Outro ponto interessante é que os procedimentos de controle higiênicosanitário devem ser empregados independentes da forma do cultivo das hortaliças adquiridas para consumo.

Eating safely and healthily in recent decades can be a challenge for the entire population. This is because more and more people are looking to eat foods of plant origin or fresh. However, the procedures for cleaning and controlling contaminants need to be carried out efficiently. Thus, the objective of this work was to verify the presence of microbiological and parasitic contaminants in lettuces obtained from the traditional and hydroponic cultivation of three cities in the interior of Mato Grosso do Sul. by the National Health Surveillance Agency regarding the presence of thermotolerant coliforms, however, only one of the samples obtained (hydroponic cultivation) presented parasitic contaminants (Strongyloides stercolaris). The data obtained demonstrate the importance of using hygiene methods by consumers prior to consumption to avoid contaminants from this food source. Another interesting point is that the hygienic-sanitary control procedures should be used regardless of the form of cultivation of vegetables purchased for consumption.

Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Caryocar brasiliense.

BACKGROUND: Caryocar brasiliense, popularly known as pequi, is widely distributed in the Amazon rainforest and Brazilian savannah. The fruit obtained from pequi is used in cooking and has folk use as an anti-inflammatory and for the treatment of respiratory disease. Until now, these two properties had not been scientifically demonstrated for Pequi oil in a carrageenan model. OBJECTIVE: Our group determined the composition and safe use of Pequi oil from the Savannah of Campo Grande, and the anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities of this pequi oil were investigated in vivo models. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Doses of 300, 700, and 1000 mg/kg of Pequi oil were administered orally (p.o.) to Swiss male mice, and three parameters of inflammation (mechanical hyperalgesia, cold, hyperalgesia, and oedema) were analyzed in a carrageenan model to induce an inflammatory paw state. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The effects of Pequi oil were also carrageenan in pleurisy model, formalin, and acetic acid induced nociception. Oral administration of 1,000 mg/kg orally Pequi oil (p.o.) inhibited (*P<0.05), the migration of total leukocytes, but not alter plasma extravasation, in the pleurisy model when compared to control groups. The paw edema was inhibited with doses of 700 (P <0.05) and 1,000 mg (P<0.001) of pequi oil after 1, 2, and 4 hours after carrageenan. Pequi oil (1,000 mg/kg) also blocked the mechanical hyperalgesy and reduced cold allodynia induced by carrageenan in paw (P <0.05). Pequi oil treatment (1,000 mg/kg) almost blocked (P < 0.001) all parameters of nociception observed in formalin and acid acetic test. CONCLUSION: This is the first time that the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of Pequi oil have been shown.

Anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activity in extract from the leaves of Eriobotrya japonica.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The Eriobotrya japonica (EJ) is a Chinese medicinal plant that is currently grown in Brazil. E. japonica leaves infusion is traditionally used in the treatment of inflammation; however, there are few scientific studies showing the effects of these properties on joint articular and persistent experimental inflammation. AIM OF THE STUDY: The present research had objective investigation of the effect of infusion obtained from leaves of E. japonica (EJLE) on acute and persistent experimental articular inflammation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Swiss mice were treated orally with EJLE and analyzed for acute pleural inflammation (30, 100, and 300 mg/kg), paw edema induced by carrageenan (100 mg/kg), acute knee inflammation induced by zymosan (100 mg/kg), and persistent inflammation induced by Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) (30 and 100 mg/kg). Mechanical hyperalgesia, cold and edema were analyzed. RESULTS: The chromatographic analysis of EJLE revealed the presence of corosolic acid, oleanolic acid, and ursolic acid. EJLE presented anti-inflammatory activity in the pleurisy model, inhibiting leukocyte migration, protein extravasation and nitric oxide production. In the articular inflammation model, EJLE reduced the number of leukocytes in the joint cavity, paw edema and hyperalgesia (4 h after induction). In the persistent inflammation model induced by CFA, the extract reduced paw edema after 11 days of mechanical and cold hyperalgesia on day 6. CONCLUSIONS: The EJLE has anti-inflammatory and antihyperalgesic potential in models of acute and persistent experimental articular inflammation, making this infusion a new possibility for complementary treating acute or chronic articular inflammatory diseases.