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5.
Actas urol. esp ; 32(10): 1024-1030, nov.-dic. 2008. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-69619

RESUMO

Introducción: Este estudio evalúa los factores de riesgo y aquellas variables pronósticas que influyen en la supervivencia de los pacientes con gangrena de Fournier. Material y métodos: El estudio analiza retrospectivamente 90 pacientes con gangrena de Fournier tratados en nuestra institución entre 1975 y 2008. Evaluamos la edad media, enfermedades médicas asociadas, el origen de la fascitis necrotizante, el tiempo de evolución y la extensión de la fascitis necrotizante. Los resultados fueron valorados de acuerdo si el paciente sobrevivía o fallecía. En todos los pacientes se realizó desbridamiento quirúrgico extenso y recibieron terapia antibiótica parenteralmente. Resultados: La tasa de mortalidad fue del 34,4%. La edad media 63,0 años (rango 33-95), encontramos diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre la edad media de los supervivientes (edad media 59,84 años) y los fallecidos (edad media 70,20 años) (p=0,001). Presentaban alguna comorbilidad médica asociada 51 pacientes, la tasa de mortalidad fue mayor en estos pacientes, especialmente en aquellos que sufrían cáncer. Aunque la diabetes mellitus fue la patología más frecuentemente asociada, no se relacionó con un peor pronóstico de modo estadísticamente significativo. El origen de la infección se identificó en 62 pacientes, que presentaron una mayor mortalidad (p=0,015), la mortalidad cuando existíaun origen urológico fue del 50%. Además, los pacientes que padecían una infección más extensa también mostraron un peor pronóstico. Conclusiones: La gangrena de Fournier tiene una alta tasa de mortalidad. Para evaluar las posibles variables pronósticas de esta en enfermedad son necesarios estudios con un elevado número de casos. La edad del paciente, la presencia de factores de riesgo, especialmente cáncer, un origen urológico de la infección y la extensión de la enfermedad tienen influencia en el pronóstico de la gangrena de Fournier (AU)


Introduction: This study evaluates the risk factors and prognostic variables that affect survival of patients with gangrene of Fournier. Material and methods: The study retrospectively analyzed 90 consecutive patients with gangrene of Fournier treated in our institution between 1975 and 2008. We evaluated the average age, associated systemic diseases, and the source, time of evolution and extent of necrotizing fasciitis. The outcomes were assessed according to whether the patient survivedor died. All patients had aggressive surgical debridement, and received parenteral antibiotic therapy. Results: The mortality rate was 34.4%. The mean age was 63.0 years (range 33-95), a statistically significant difference was found between the age of the survivors (median age, 59.84 years) and those who died (median age, 70.20 years)(p = 0.001). Medical comorbidities were identified in 51 patients; the death rate was higher in patients who had any medical disease, especially those who suffered from cancer. Although diabetes mellitus was the most common associated pathology, it was not related to a statistically significant worst prognosis. The source of the infection was identified in 62 patients, who showed a higher mortality (p = 0.015), the mortality rate when a urological source is identified was 50%.Moreover, patients suffering from a more extensive necrotizing infection showed a worst prognosis. Conclusions: The gangrene of Fournier has a high mortality rate. Large series are required to study prognostic variables of this disease. The patient age, the presence of systemic risk factors, especially cancer, a urological source of infection and the extent of the disease have impact on the prognosis of Fournier’s gangrene (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Gangrena de Fournier/tratamento farmacológico , Gangrena de Fournier/epidemiologia , Gangrena de Fournier/cirurgia , Fatores de Risco , Antibioticoprofilaxia/métodos , Orquiectomia/métodos , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Mortalidade/estatística & dados numéricos , Comorbidade , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Gangrena de Fournier
6.
Actas Urol Esp ; 32(10): 1024-30, 2008.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19143295

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: This study evaluates the risk factors and prognostic variables that affect survival of patients with gangrene of Fournier. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study retrospectively analyzed 90 consecutive patients with gangrene of Fournier treated in our institution between 1975 and 2008. We evaluated the average age, associated systemic diseases, and the source, time of evolution and extent of necrotizing fasciitis. The outcomes were assessed according to whether the patient survived or died. All patients had aggressive surgical debridement, and received parenteral antibiotic therapy. RESULTS: The mortality rate was 34.4%. The mean age was 63.0 years (range 33-95), a statistically significant difference was found between the age of the survivors (median age, 59.84 years) and those who died (median age, 70.20 years) (p = 0.001). Medical comorbidities were identified in 51 patients; the death rate was higher in patients who had any medical disease, especially those who suffered from cancer. Although diabetes mellitus was the most common associated pathology, it was not related to a statistically significant worst prognosis. The source of the infection was identified in 62 patients, who showed a higher mortality (p = 0.015), the mortality rate when a urological source is identified was 50%. Moreover, patients suffering from a more extensive necrotizing infection showed a worst prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: The gangrene of Fournier has a high mortality rate. Large series are required to study prognostic variables of this disease. The patient age, the presence of systemic risk factors, especially cancer, a urological source of infection and the extent of the disease have impact on the prognosis of Fournier's gangrene.


Assuntos
Gangrena de Fournier/mortalidade , Doenças dos Genitais Masculinos/mortalidade , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Gangrena de Fournier/terapia , Doenças dos Genitais Masculinos/terapia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco
7.
Actas Urol Esp ; 31(7): 785-7, 2007.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17902476

RESUMO

We show a technical modification of the ureteral endoscopic resection with which we try to avoid comunication between urine and surgical bed in order to prevent tumor local spread of upper urotelial tumor.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Renais/cirurgia , Nefrectomia/métodos , Ureter/cirurgia , Ureteroscopia , Idoso , Humanos , Masculino , Inoculação de Neoplasia
8.
Actas Urol Esp ; 31(5): 548-52, 2007 May.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17711175

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: To report one case of prostatic abscess and subdural empyema by Staphylococcus aureus. METHODS: We describe the case of a 51 year old male patient who was diagnosed of prostatic abscess and subdural empyema by Staphilococcus aureus. We use clinical presentation and physical exploration based on rectal digital examination, as diagnostic approach method. And computerized axial tomography and transrectal ultrasonography, which allows the guided needle drainage of the abscess, as diagnostic confirmation methods. RESULTS: The clinical picture resolved with the transrectal ultrasonography guided needle aspiration of the abscess and conservative treatment with antibiotics and urinary diversion. CONCLUSIONS: Prostatic abscess is an uncommon entity nowadays. Provided the great variety of symptoms, a great degree of clinical suspicion is needed for the diagnosis, and once it is got it, immediate aggressive treatment must be initiated. Transrectal ultrasonography allows not only the diagnosis, but also the drainage of the abscess. The culture of the obtained material identifies the etiological agent and the most specific antibiotic therapy.


Assuntos
Abscesso/complicações , Empiema Subdural/etiologia , Doenças Prostáticas/complicações , Infecções Estafilocócicas/complicações , Abscesso/diagnóstico , Abscesso/terapia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Prostáticas/diagnóstico , Doenças Prostáticas/terapia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/diagnóstico , Infecções Estafilocócicas/terapia
9.
Actas urol. esp ; 31(7): 785-787, jul.-ago. 2007. ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-055817

RESUMO

Se presenta una variante técnica de la desinserción endoscópica ureteral, con la que se intenta evitar el contacto de la orina con el lecho quirúrgico, condición preceptiva para evitar la posible diseminación tumoral local, al realizar la nefroureterectomía radical en tumores de urotelio superior


We show a technical modification of the ureteral endoscopic resection with which we try to avoid comunication between urine and surgical bed in order to prevent tumor local spread of upper urotelial tumor


Assuntos
Masculino , Idoso , Humanos , Ureterostomia/métodos , Ureteroscopia/métodos , Neoplasias Ureterais/cirurgia
10.
Actas urol. esp ; 31(5): 548-552, mayo 2007. ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-055288

RESUMO

Introducción y objetivo: Presentamos el caso de un paciente con absceso prostático y empiema subdural por Staphilococo aureus. Material y método: Descripción de un caso de un paciente de 51 años de edad diagnosticado de absceso prostático y empiema subdural por Staphilococo aureus. Utilizamos como método de aproximación diagnóstica la sospecha clínica y la exploración física mediante tacto rectal. Como métodos de confirmación diagnóstica, pruebas de imagen, como la tomografía axial computerizada y la ecografía transrectal, que permite además el drenaje del material purulento. Resultados: El cuadro se resolvió con ecografía transrectal y punción-drenaje de la colección y con tratamiento conservador en base a antibioterapia y derivación urinaria. Conclusiones: El absceso prostático es en la actualidad una patología poco frecuente. Dada la gran variedad de presentación de esta entidad, hay que tener un alto grado de sospecha para su diagnóstico y una vez realizado comenzar un tratamiento inmediato agresivo. La ecografía transrectal permite, no sólo el diagnóstico, sino también la punción-drenaje del contenido purulento. El cultivo de las muestras obtenidas identifica el agente causante y la antibioterapia más adecuada


Introduction and objectives: To report one case of prostatic abscess and subdural empyema by Staphylococcus aureus. Methods: We describe the case of a 51 year old male patient who was diagnosed of prostatic abscess and subdural empyema by Staphilococcus aureus. We use clinical presentation and physical exploration based on rectal digital examination, as diagnostic approach method. And computerized axial tomography and transrectal ultrasonography, which allows the guided needle drainage of the abscess, as diagnostic confirmation methods. Results: The clinical picture resolved with the transrectal ultrasonography guided needle aspiration of the abscess and conservative treatment with antibiotics and urinary diversion. Conclusions: Prostatic abscess is an uncommon entity nowadays. Provided the great variety of symptoms, a great degree of clinical suspicion is needed for the diagnosis, and once it is got it, immediate aggressive treatment must be initiated. Transrectal ultrasonography allows not only the diagnosis, but also the drainage of the abscess. The culture of the obtained material identifies the etiological agent and the most specific antibiotic therapy


Assuntos
Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Abscesso Abdominal/microbiologia , Doenças Prostáticas/microbiologia , Staphylococcus aureus/patogenicidade , Empiema Subdural/microbiologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/microbiologia , Ultrassom Focalizado Transretal de Alta Intensidade
11.
Actas Urol Esp ; 29(7): 704-7, 2005.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16180323

RESUMO

The Brucellosis is a zoonotic and unfrequent infection but it is endemic in Spain. It is a well documented cause of fever of unknown origin with varied and nonspecific symptoms. The onset of symptoms of brucellosis may be abrupt or insidious, developing over several days to weeks. Virtually any organ system can be involved with brucellosis and localization of the process may cause focal symptoms. The most frequent focal presentation is the osteoarthicular. Some times it can complicates with para-perivertebral abscess. The unilateral psoas abscess(PA) is uncommon and the bilateral afection is exceptional. The manifestations of PA usually are insidious, the classic tiad of: feber, lumbar pain and functional impotence is rare. For the diagnosis the serology c tests and cultures are necesary. The imaging techniques like: Ultrasonography and Tomography have improved the diagnosis and treatment of this pathologies' complications. The recommended therapy is the use of doxycicline and streptomicine. Some times the use of percutaneous drainage or open surgery is necessary.


Assuntos
Brucella/imunologia , Brucelose/diagnóstico , Abscesso do Psoas/microbiologia , Adulto , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Brucelose/tratamento farmacológico , Drenagem , Humanos , Masculino , Abscesso do Psoas/diagnóstico por imagem , Abscesso do Psoas/cirurgia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Resultado do Tratamento
12.
Actas Urol Esp ; 29(6): 535-41, 2005 Jun.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16092675

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The overall objective of this study was to carry out a prospective investigation of the usefulness of the IMMUNOCYT commercial kit in the follow-up of patients treated for bladder cancer and to evaluate its utility as a complement to urinary cytology and a possible tool for reducing the number of follow-up cystoscopies required. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: From September 2001 to December 2002, the ImmunoCyt test and urinary cytology were performed in urine simples from a total of 136 patients (115 with a history or suspicion of bladder cancer and 21 patients with other urological pathologies). Urine simples were fixed with an equal volume of 50% alcohol. Urinary cytology and the ImmunoCyt test were interpreted by a cytopathologist unacquainted with the result of the corresponding cytology and bladder biopsy report. Samples were staged and graded using the 1997 TNM classification of the UICC and the 1998 WHO/ISUP classification. Histopathological confirmation of lesions was available for 111 patients (81.6%). RESULTS: The gender distribution was 89% men and 11% women. Mean age was 71.68 years (range 27 to 98 years). Overall sensitivity and specificity were 77.9% and 92.3% for the ImmunoCyt test and 47.9% and 100% for urinary cytology, respectively. The positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) were 96.4% and 61.7%, respectively, for the ImmunoCyt test and 100% and 36.7% for cytology. In Ta and low-grade carcinomas, the sensitivity of the ImmunoCyt test was 70% (n=20) and 76.4% (n=34) respectively, whereas it was 25% (n=28) and 29.7% (n=37), respectively, for urinary cytology. The differences observed between the sensitivities of the ImmunoCyt test and cytology were statistically significant (X2 p<0.05) overall and for Ta and low-grade carcinomas. The sensitivity and specificity of the combination of both tests were 86.8% and 96.2%, respectively. The sensitivity of the combination of both tests for Ta and low-grade carcinomas was 80% (n=20) and 82.3% (n=34), respectively. The ImmunoCyt test was diagnostic in 36.2% of tumors overall. CONCLUSIONS: In view of the results obtained, we decided to change our follow-up protocol to reduce the number of follow-up cystoscopies by 32.2% in the first 5 years of postoperative follow-up (in a cohort of 140 patients who undergo surgery annually). This benefits patients by reducing the number of urinary infections and iatrogenesis originated by follow-up cystoscopy. In addition, this 32.2% reduction in the number of cystoscopies in 5 years will yield a savings of approximately 35,560 EUR to the health care system in 5 years.


Assuntos
Urinálise , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/diagnóstico , Urina/citologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/diagnóstico , Estudos Prospectivos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/urina
13.
Actas urol. esp ; 29(7): 704-707, jul.-ago. 2005. ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-039316

RESUMO

La brucelosis es una zoonosis poco frecuente, aunque es endémica en España. Suele manifestarse como una enfermedad sistémica con presentación aguda o crónica, en ocasiones lo hace de manera localizada afectando a uno o varios aparatos. La presentación focal más frecuente es la forma osteoarticular. Ésta se puede complicar en ocasiones con abscesos para-perivertebrales, la afectación del psoas unilateral es rara y en casos excepcionales existe extensión a ambos músculos bilateralmente. Las manifestaciones clínicas de los abscesos de psoas (AP) suelen ser insidiosas, es infrecuente la aparición de la triada clásica de fiebre, dolor lumbar e impotencia funcional. Para el diagnóstico son necesarias las pruebas serológicas y medios de cultivo. El uso extendido de la Ecografía (ECO) y la Tomografía Axial Computerizada (TAC) ha mejorado el diagnóstico y tratamiento de las complicaciones. El tratamiento de elección es antibiótico y se basa en el uso de tetraciclinas y estreptomicina. En ocasiones se hace necesaria la punción percutánea o drenaje abierto de los abscesos. Presentamos un caso de AP brucelósico bilateral y revisamos la bibliografía (AU)


The Brucellosis is a zoonotic and unfrequent infection but it is endemic in Spain. It is a well documented cause of fever of unknown origin with varied and nonspecific symptoms. The onset of symptoms of brucellosis may be abrupt or insidious, developing over several days to weeks. Virtually any organ system can be involved with brucellosis and localization of the process may cause focal symptoms. The most frequent focal presentation is the osteoarthicular. Some times it can complicates with paraperivertebral abscess. The unilateral psoas abscess (PA) is uncommon and the bilateral afection is exceptional. The manifestations of PA usually are insidious, the classic tiad of: feber, lumbar pain and functional impotence is rare. For the diagnosis the serologyc tests and cultures are necesary. The imagin tecniques like: Ultrasonography and Tomography have improved the diagnosis and treatment of this patologys´ complications. The recomended therapy is the use of doxycicline and streptomicine. Some times the use of percutaneus drainage or open surgery is necessary (AU)


Assuntos
Masculino , Adulto , Humanos , Brucelose/complicações , Abscesso do Psoas/microbiologia , Brucella/isolamento & purificação , Brucella/patogenicidade , Rifampina/uso terapêutico , Ciprofloxacina/uso terapêutico , Doxiciclina/uso terapêutico
14.
Actas Urol Esp ; 29(3): 257-60, 2005 Mar.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15945250

RESUMO

Adenocarcinoma of the bladder is an uncommon neoplasm. Depending on its origin it is classified in: primary, secondary and urachal. Generally it grows to the density of the wall, so its clinical appearence is delayed, with the subsequent delayed diagnosis and although an agressive treatment is performed, it frequently has a very bad prognosis. Since there are very few publications of this kind of neoplasm in the literature the lines of actuation in this pathology are not well established. We report the eleven cases of adenocarcinoma neoplasm of the bladder treated in our centre and review the literature.


Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma , Adenocarcinoma/diagnóstico , Adenocarcinoma/terapia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/terapia
15.
Actas Urol Esp ; 29(4): 360-4, 2005 Apr.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15981423

RESUMO

Radical cystoprostatectomy is accepted as the standard treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. During last years the indications for orthotopic neobladders have increased due to their advantages over other kind of diversions. Hautmann neobladder is one of the most commonly used. Several modifications have been later described. For example, after perform the W-shape pouch ureters can be anastomosed to a not-detubularized bowel segment (chimney modification). Here is described a modification of the Hautmann neobladder with two chimneys. Each ureter is spatulated in a golf club manner and anastomosed to the open end of each bowel loop. This kind of anastomosis provides several advantages. It is possible to use shorter ureteral segments by increasing the length of bowel used. It allows an anastomosis without tension, and less ischemia so the risk of stenosis and fistula is decreased. It is not necessary to perform additional enterothomies and in case of reintervention it is easier to access each anastomosis without damaging the other one.


Assuntos
Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/cirurgia , Bexiga Urinária/cirurgia , Coletores de Urina , Anastomose Cirúrgica , Humanos , Íleo/cirurgia , Resultado do Tratamento , Ureter/cirurgia , Bexiga Urinária/patologia , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/patologia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Urológicos/métodos
16.
Actas urol. esp ; 29(6): 535-541, jun. 2005. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-039290

RESUMO

Objectivos: El objetivo global de este trabajo es el de determinar en un estudio prospectivo la utilidad del kit comercial InmunoCyt® para el seguimiento de pacientes tratados de cáncer de vejiga y la evaluación de su utilidad como complemento de la citología urinaria y posible herramienta en la reducción del número de cistoscopias de revisión. Material y Métodos: Entre Septiembre/01 a Diciembre/02 se recogió la orina de un total de 136 pacientes (115 con antecedentes deneoplasia vesical o sospecha de la misma y 21 pacientes con otras patologías urológicas) para realizarles el test del InmunoCyt® (uCyt+) y la citología urinaria. La orina recogida era fijada con alcohol al 50% en un volumen igual. La citología urinaria y el InmunoCyt® fueron informados por un citopatólogo que desconocía tanto el resultado de su correspondiente citología como el informe de la biopsia vesical. Para el estadiaje y grado de las muestras se utilizaron la clasificación TNM de la UICC de 1997 y la de la WHO/ISUP de 1998. Se dispuso de confirmación histopatológica de las lesiones en 111 pacientes (81,6% de los pacientes). Resultados: La distribución por sexos fue del 89% para varones y del 11% mujeres. La edad media fue de 71,68 años [27-98]. La sensibilidad y especificidad globales fueron del 77,9% y 92,3% para el InmunoCyt® y del 47,9% y 100% para la citología urinaria respectivamente. Los valores predictivos positivos (VPP) y negativos (VPN) fueron del 96,4% y 61,7% respectivamente para el InmunoCyt® y del 100%y 36,7% para la citología. En los Ta y carcinomas de bajo grado la sensibilidad del InmunoCyt® fue del 70% (n=20) y 76,4% (n=34) respectivamente, mientras que para la citología urinaria fue del 25% (n=28) y 29,7% (n=37) respectivamente. Las diferencias observadas entre las sensibilidades del InmunoCyt® y de su citología fueron estadísticamente significativas (X2 p<0,05) tanto de forma global como en los Ta y en los ca. de bajo grado. La sensibilidad y especificidad conjunta de los dos test (ambos test combinados) fue del 86,8% y 96,2% respectivamente. La sensibilidad conjunta de los dos test para los Ta y bajo grado fue del 80% (n=20) y del 82,3% (n=34) respectivamente. Con el InmunoCyt® se diagnosticó de forma global un 36,2% de tumores. Conclusiones: A la vista de los resultados obtenidos decidimos cambiar nuestro protocolo de seguimiento reduciendo el número decistoscopias en las revisiones al 32,2% durante los 5 primeros años de seguimiento tras la cirugía (sobre una cohorte de 140 pacientes intervenidos anualmente). Esto supondrá un beneficio para el paciente ya que disminuirán el número de infecciones urinarias y la iatrogenia ocasionadas por la realización de las cistoscopias de seguimiento. Además, esta reducción del 32,2% del número de cistoscopias en 5 años reportará un ahorro sanitario aproximado de 35.560 € en 5 años (AU)


Objectives: The overall objective of this study was to carry out a prospective investigation of the usefulness of the IMMUNOCYT™ commercial kit in the follow-up of patients treated for bladder cancer and to evaluate its utility as a complement to urinary cytology and a possible tool for reducing the number of follow-up cystoscopies required. Subjects and methods: From September 2001 to December 2002, the ImmunoCyt™ test and urinary cytology were performed in urine simples from a total of 136 patients (115 with a history or suspicion of bladder cancer and 21 patients with other urological pathologies). Urine simples were fixed with an equal volume of 50% alcohol. Urinary cytology and the ImmunoCyt™ test were interpreted by a cytopathologist unacquainted with the result of the corresponding cytology and bladder biopsy report. Samples were staged and graded using the 1997 TNM classification of the UICC and the 1998 WHO/ISUP classification. Histopathological confirmation of lesions was available for 111 patients (81.6%). Results: The gender distribution was 89% men and 11% women. Mean age was 71.68 years (range 27 to 98 years). Overall sensitivity and specificity were 77.9% and 92.3% for the ImmunoCyt™ test and 47.9% and 100% for urinary cytology, respectively. The positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) were 96.4% and 61.7%, respectively, for the ImmunoCyt™ test and 100% and 36.7% for cytology. In Ta and low-grade carcinomas, the sensitivity of the ImmunoCyt™ test was 70% (n=20) and 76.4% (n=34) respectively, whereas it was 25% (n=28) and 29.7% (n=37), respectively, for urinary cytology. The differences observed between the sensitivities of the ImmunoCyt™ test and cytology were statistically significant (X2 p<0.05) overall and for Ta and low-grade carcinomas. The sensitivity and specificity of the combination of both tests were 86.8% and 96.2%, respectively. The sensitivity of the combination of both tests for Ta and low-grade carcinomas was 80% (n=20) and 82.3% (n=34), respectively. The ImmunoCyt™ test was diagnostic in 36.2% of tumors overall. Conclusions: In view of the results obtained, we decided to change our follow-up protocol to reduce the number of follow-up cystoscopies by 32.2% in the first 5 years of postoperative follow-up (in a cohort of 140 patients who undergo surgery annually). This benefits patients by reducing the number of urinary infections and iatrogenesis originated by follow-up cystoscopy. In addition, this 32.2% reduction in the number of cystoscopies in 5 years will yield a savings of approximately 35,560 EUR to the health care system in 5 years (AU)


Assuntos
Adulto , Humanos , Infecções Urinárias/complicações , Infecções Urinárias/patologia , Doença Iatrogênica/epidemiologia , Doença Iatrogênica/prevenção & controle , Urotélio/lesões , Urotélio/cirurgia , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/cirurgia , Cistoscopia/métodos , Técnicas Citológicas/métodos , Infecções Urinárias/urina , Esfregaço Vaginal/métodos , Protocolos Antineoplásicos , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/terapia
17.
Actas urol. esp ; 29(4): 360-364, abr. 2005. ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-039260

RESUMO

La cistoprostatectomía radical es el tratamiento de elección para el cáncer vesical infiltrante. En los últimos años las indicaciones de sustitución vesical se han ampliado debido a las ventajas que aportan sobre otros tipos de derivaciones siendo la neovejiga ileal descrita por Hautmann una de las más utilizadas. Posteriormente se han descrito diversas modificaciones de la técnica original como la utilización de un segmento de asa sin detubulizar a modo de chimenea a la cual se anastomosan los uréteres. Presentamos una variante técnica de la neovejiga de Hautmann utilizando dos “chimeneas” anastomosando cada uréter a la luz previamente abierta de cada asa espatulando el uréter a modo de “palo de golf” para adaptar los calibres. Entre las ventajas de este tipo de anastomosis destacan la utilización de segmentos ureterales más cortos adaptando la longitud del asa lo que posibilita una anastomosis sin tensión y minimiza la isquemia disminuyendo por tanto la aparición de fístulas y estenosis. No precisa la realización de enterotomías adicionales y se facilita el acceso a cada anastomosis por separado en caso de necesidad de reintervención (AU)


Radical cystoprostatectomy is accepted as the standard treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. During last years the indications for orthotopic neobladders have increased due to their advantages over other kind of diversions. Hautmann neobladder is one of the most commonly used. Several modifications have been later described. For example, after perform the W-shape pouch ureters can be anastomosed to a not-detubularized bowel segment (chimney modification). Here is described a modification of the Hautmann neobladder with two chimneys. Each ureter is spatulated in a golf club manner and anastomosed to the open end of each bowel loop. This kind of anastomosis provides several advantages. It is possible to use shorter ureteral segments by increasing the length of bowel used. It allows an anastomosis without tension, and less ischemia, so the risk of stenosis and fistula is decreased. It is not necessary to perform additional enterothomies and in case of reintervention it is easier to access each anastomosis without damaging the other one (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Derivação Urinária/métodos , Anastomose Cirúrgica/métodos , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/cirurgia , Cistectomia/métodos , Prostatectomia/métodos , Laparotomia/métodos
18.
Actas urol. esp ; 29(3): 257-260, mar. 2005. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-038558

RESUMO

El adenocarcinoma vesical es un tumor infrecuente. Se clasifica según su origen en: primario, secundario y uracales. Generalmente se caracteriza por crecer hacia el espesor de la pared provocando manifestaciones clínicas tardías, esto demora el diagnóstico y así, pese a tratamiento agresivo, suele tener muy mal pronóstico. Existen pocas series amplias publicadas por lo que no están establecidas claras pautas de actuación con este tipo de tumores. Presentamos los once casos de adenocarcinoma vesical primario en nuestro centro entre el año 1986 y el 2003 y revisamos la bibliografía (AU)


Adenocarcinoma of the bladder is an uncommon neoplasm. Depending on its origin it is classified in: primary, secondary and urachal. Generally it grows to the density of the wall, so its clinical aparienceis delayed, with the subsequent delayed diagnosis and although an agressive treatment is performed, it frequently has a very bad prognosis. Since there are very few publications of this kind of neoplasm in the literature the lines of actuation in this pathology are not well established. We report the eleven cases of adenocarcinoma neoplasm of the bladder treated in our centre and review the literature (AU)


Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Adenocarcinoma/epidemiologia , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Infecções Urinárias/etiologia , Hematúria/etiologia , Intervalo Livre de Doença
19.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 56(10): 1161-1163, dic. 2003.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-26901

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Describir los aspectos más relevantes de la litiasis blanda, un tipo de litiasis infrecuente y poco descrita desde el uso generalizado de la litotricia extracorpórea. MÉTODO: A raíz del caso clínico descrito, se analiza la bibliografía más importante encontrada mediante búsqueda a través de MEDLINE (1950-1999). Nos centraremos en la fisiopatología y la etiología de estos cálculos para comprender el desarrollo y la clínica mostrada por estos enfermos. RESULTADOS: La litiasis urinaria blanda es una entidad muy infrecuente, descrita hace casi ya un siglo. Compuesta fundamentealmente de matriz litiásica, el porcentaje de contenido mineral es francamente bajo comparado con el de las litiasis habituales. La infección persistente de la orina es otra constante en este tipo de enfermos, la cual condiciona, en cierta manera, la modificación de los componnentes urinarios usuales, creando una serie de alteraciones en la vía excretora que favorece la agregación de los componentes de la matriz litiásica hasta formar un cálculo en sí, sin necesidad de la agragación de cristales mineralizados. CONCLUSIÓN: Para el diagnóstico de litiasis blanda es preciso un alto índice de sospecha, ya que no se revela con la clínica habitual de cualquier cálculo renal. Para el tratamiento, el lavado exhaustivo de las cavidades caliciales y la desaparición de la bacteriuria son elementos fundamentales para evitar la recidiva de la enfermedad (AU)


Assuntos
Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Feminino , Humanos , Cálculos Renais , Pelve Renal
20.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 56(10): 1161-1163, dic. 2003.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-27475

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Describir los aspectos más relevantes de la litiasis blanda, un tipo de litiasis infrecuente y poco descrita desde el uso generalizado de la litotricia extracorpórea.MÉTODO: A raíz del caso clínico descrito, se analiza la bibliografía más importante encontrada mediante búsqueda a través de MEDLINE (1950-1999). Nos centraremos en la fisiopatología y la etiología de estos cálculos para comprender el desarrollo y la clínica mostrada por estos enfermos.RESULTADOS: La litiasis urinaria blanda es una entidad muy infrecuente, descrita hace casi ya un siglo. Compuesta fundamentealmente de matriz litiásica, el porcentaje de contenido mineral es francamente bajo comparado con el de las litiasis habituales. La infección persistente de la orina es otra constante en este tipo de enfermos, la cual condiciona, en cierta manera, la modificación de los componnentes urinarios usuales, creando una serie de alteraciones en la vía excretora que favorece la agregación de los componentes de la matriz litiásica hasta formar un cálculo en sí, sin necesidad de la agragación de cristales mineralizados.CONCLUSIÓN: Para el diagnóstico de litiasis blanda es preciso un alto índice de sospecha, ya que no se revela con la clínica habitual de cualquier cálculo renal. Para el tratamiento, el lavado exhaustivo de las cavidades caliciales y la desaparición de la bacteriuria son elementos fundamentales para evitar la recidiva de la enfermedad (AU)


Assuntos
Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Feminino , Humanos , Cálculos Renais , Pelve Renal
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