Nutritional value of Marandu grass, under grazing by three sampling methods - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v34i4.13745

To evaluate the grass B. brizantha cv. Marandu, under grazing, we use three sampling methods: total availability (TA), hand plucked (HP) and extrusa (EXT) in a completely randomized design with four replications. The hand plucked method was collected manually after observing the behavior of grazing animals. TA was determined by cutting at ground level, using a metallic square (0.25 m²) and EXT was collected by rumen evacuation. The values for dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF), were 27.20, 88.52 and 43.70% in the treatment and HP, and 25.53, 87.70 and 45.50% in TA. The extrusa had the lowest DM content (15.88%) and higher crude protein (CP) (15.22%), possibly due to the presence of saliva. The levels checked for extrusa NDF, ADF and in vitro digestibility of dry matter were 81.98, 36.90 and 79.10%, demonstrating the selectivity of the animals. The high levels of FDA for TA reflect the composition of the forage with the high proportion of senescent material. The samples obtained by the total availability were not representative of the diet consumed by cattle. The different sampling methods influence the chemical composition of B. Brizantha cv. Marandu.

Torta de girassol em substituição ao farelo de soja nos suplementos de novilhas: desempenho e características de carcaça

To evaluate the performance of Nellore heifers supplemented with sunflower cake in partial substitution of soybean meal at 0; 20; 40 and 60% 24 animals were used during the dry season in a randomized design. The animals were weighed and monitored for body condition (BC) every 21 days. The inclusion of sunflower cake improved the average daily gain in 45.8%. The efficiency of the use of concentrated supplements was higher for supplements containing sunflower cake with values of 12.26; 13.42 and 9.87kg/kg for the replacement levels of 20; 40 and 60%. The supplement without sunflower cake had efficiencies of 7.31kg/kg. The BC of animals has improved with the supplementation, of 3.6; 4.0; 4.0 and 3.7 points, for replacement levels of 00; 20; 40 and 60%. For carcass characteristics there was no significant differences between the levels of substitution studied to slaughter weight, hot carcass weight, cold carcass weight, cooling losses, carcass yield, carcass length, back, front, yield estimated grade, Brazilian commercial cuts, AOL/100kg, fat thickness, liver. There was effect for replacement of sunflower cake just for the accumulation of perirenal pelvic fat, where the replacement level of 60% had the highest value (3.67 kilograms). Partial substitution of soybean meal by sunflower cake improved the performance of heifers finished on pastures without changing the characteristics of the carcass.

Para se avaliar o desempenho de novilhas Nelore suplementadas com torta de girassol em substituição ao farelo de soja em 0; 20; 40 e 60% foram utilizados 24 animais, durante a época seca, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Os animais foram pesados e monitorados quanto à condição corporal a cada 21 dias. A inclusão de torta de girassol melhorou o ganho de peso diário em 45,8%. A eficiência do uso de concentrados foi de 12,26; 13,42 e 9,87kg/kg para os níveis de substituição de 20, 40 e 60% e o suplemento sem torta de girassol teve eficiência de 7,31kg/kg. A condição corporal dos animais melhorou com o fornecimento dos suplementos, sendo a condição corporal final 3,6; 4,0; 4,0 e 3,7 pontos; para os níveis de substituição de 00, 20, 40 e 60%. Para as características de carcaça não ocorreram diferenças significativas entre os níveis de substituição estudados para peso de abate, peso de carcaça quente, peso de carcaça fria, perdas por resfriamento, rendimento de carcaça, comprimento de carcaça, traseiro, dianteiro, carne aproveitável total, cortes comerciais brasileiros, AOL/100kg, espessura de gordura, fígado. Verificou-se efeito para substituição da torta de girassol somente para acúmulo de gordura perirrenal-pélvica, onde o nível de 60% apresentou o maior valor (3,67kg). A substituição parcial do farelo de soja por torta de girassol melhorou o desempenho de novilhas terminadas a pasto, sem alterar as características de carcaça dos animais.

Nutritional value of Marandu grass, under grazing by three sampling methods - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v34i4.13745

To evaluate the grass B. brizantha cv. Marandu, under grazing, we use three sampling methods: total availability (TA), hand plucked (HP) and extrusa (EXT) in a completely randomized design with four replications. The hand plucked method was collected manually after observing the behavior of grazing animals. TA was determined by cutting at ground level, using a metallic square (0.25 m²) and EXT was collected by rumen evacuation. The values for dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF), were 27.20, 88.52 and 43.70% in the treatment and HP, and 25.53, 87.70 and 45.50% in TA. The extrusa had the lowest DM content (15.88%) and higher crude protein (CP) (15.22%), possibly due to the presence of saliva. The levels checked for extrusa NDF, ADF and in vitro digestibility of dry matter were 81.98, 36.90 and 79.10%, demonstrating the selectivity of the animals. The high levels of FDA for TA reflect the composition of the forage with the high proportion of senescent material. The samples obtained by the total availability were not representative of the diet consumed by cattle. The different sampling methods influence the chemical composition of B. Brizantha cv. Marandu.

Sunflower crushed in substitution of soybean meal for heifers at pasture: performance and carcass characteristics / Torta de girassol em substituição ao farelo de soja nos suplementos de novilhas: desempenho e características de carcaça

To evaluate the performance of Nellore heifers supplemented with sunflower cake in partial substitution of soybean meal at 0; 20; 40 and 60% 24 animals were used during the dry season in a randomized design. The animals were weighed and monitored for body condition (BC) every 21 days. The inclusion of sunflower cake improved the average daily gain in 45.8%. The efficiency of the use of concentrated supplements was higher for supplements containing sunflower cake with values of 12.26; 13.42 and 9.87kg/kg for the replacement levels of 20; 40 and 60%. The supplement without sunflower cake had efficiencies of 7.31kg/kg. The BC of animals has improved with the supplementation, of 3.6; 4.0; 4.0 and 3.7 points, for replacement levels of 00; 20; 40 and 60%. For carcass characteristics there was no significant differences between the levels of substitution studied to slaughter weight, hot carcass weight, cold carcass weight, cooling losses, carcass yield, carcass length, back, front, yield estimated grade, Brazilian commercial cuts, AOL/100kg, fat thickness, liver. There was effect for replacement of sunflower cake just for the accumulation of perirenal pelvic fat, where the replacement level of 60% had the highest value (3.67 kilograms). Partial substitution of soybean meal by sunflower cake improved the performance of heifers finished on pastures without changing the characteristics o

Para se avaliar o desempenho de novilhas Nelore suplementadas com torta de girassol em substituição ao farelo de soja em 0; 20; 40 e 60% foram utilizados 24 animais, durante a época seca, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Os animais foram pesados e monitorados quanto à condição corporal a cada 21 dias. A inclusão de torta de girassol melhorou o ganho de peso diário em 45,8%. A eficiência do uso de concentrados foi de 12,26; 13,42 e 9,87kg/kg para os níveis de substituição de 20, 40 e 60% e o suplemento sem torta de girassol teve eficiência de 7,31kg/kg. A condição corporal dos animais melhorou com o fornecimento dos suplementos, sendo a condição corporal final 3,6; 4,0; 4,0 e 3,7 pontos; para os níveis de substituição de 00, 20, 40 e 60%. Para as características de carcaça não ocorreram diferenças significativas entre os níveis de substituição estudados para peso de abate, peso de carcaça quente, peso de carcaça fria, perdas por resfriamento, rendimento de carcaça, comprimento de carcaça, traseiro, dianteiro, carne aproveitável total, cortes comerciais brasileiros, AOL/100kg, espessura de gordura, fígado. Verificou-se efeito para substituição da torta de girassol somente para acúmulo de gordura perirrenal-pélvica, onde o nível de 60% apresentou o maior valor (3,67kg). A substituição parcial do farelo de soja por torta de girassol melhorou o desempenho de novilhas termin

Sunflower crushed in substitution of soybean meal for heifers at pasture: performance and carcass characteristics / Torta de girassol em substituição ao farelo de soja nos suplementos de novilhas: desempenho e características de carcaça

To evaluate the performance of Nellore heifers supplemented with sunflower cake in partial substitution of soybean meal at 0; 20; 40 and 60% 24 animals were used during the dry season in a randomized design. The animals were weighed and monitored for body condition (BC) every 21 days. The inclusion of sunflower cake improved the average daily gain in 45.8%. The efficiency of the use of concentrated supplements was higher for supplements containing sunflower cake with values of 12.26; 13.42 and 9.87kg/kg for the replacement levels of 20; 40 and 60%. The supplement without sunflower cake had efficiencies of 7.31kg/kg. The BC of animals has improved with the supplementation, of 3.6; 4.0; 4.0 and 3.7 points, for replacement levels of 00; 20; 40 and 60%. For carcass characteristics there was no significant differences between the levels of substitution studied to slaughter weight, hot carcass weight, cold carcass weight, cooling losses, carcass yield, carcass length, back, front, yield estimated grade, Brazilian commercial cuts, AOL/100kg, fat thickness, liver. There was effect for replacement of sunflower cake just for the accumulation of perirenal pelvic fat, where the replacement level of 60% had the highest value (3.67 kilograms). Partial substitution of soybean meal by sunflower cake improved the performance of heifers finished on pastures without changing the characteristics o

Para se avaliar o desempenho de novilhas Nelore suplementadas com torta de girassol em substituição ao farelo de soja em 0; 20; 40 e 60% foram utilizados 24 animais, durante a época seca, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Os animais foram pesados e monitorados quanto à condição corporal a cada 21 dias. A inclusão de torta de girassol melhorou o ganho de peso diário em 45,8%. A eficiência do uso de concentrados foi de 12,26; 13,42 e 9,87kg/kg para os níveis de substituição de 20, 40 e 60% e o suplemento sem torta de girassol teve eficiência de 7,31kg/kg. A condição corporal dos animais melhorou com o fornecimento dos suplementos, sendo a condição corporal final 3,6; 4,0; 4,0 e 3,7 pontos; para os níveis de substituição de 00, 20, 40 e 60%. Para as características de carcaça não ocorreram diferenças significativas entre os níveis de substituição estudados para peso de abate, peso de carcaça quente, peso de carcaça fria, perdas por resfriamento, rendimento de carcaça, comprimento de carcaça, traseiro, dianteiro, carne aproveitável total, cortes comerciais brasileiros, AOL/100kg, espessura de gordura, fígado. Verificou-se efeito para substituição da torta de girassol somente para acúmulo de gordura perirrenal-pélvica, onde o nível de 60% apresentou o maior valor (3,67kg). A substituição parcial do farelo de soja por torta de girassol melhorou o desempenho de novilhas termin