RESUMO
Human reactogenicity and immunological efficacy of concentrated purified tick-borne encephalitis (CTBEV) vaccine was studied in a controlled trial. The new vaccine was found to be superior to the commercial preparation in its capacity to induce specific humoral and cell-mediated immunity in man and in reduced sensitizing activity with regard to nonviral cellular antigens. Two vaccinations with CTBEV in doses of 0.5 ml each at 6-month interval are recommended. At this vaccination schedule virus neutralizing antibodies were detectable in 95% vaccines. Inoculation of 0.5 ml CTBEV is accompanied by fever of mild and moderate intensity in 19% and 3% of the vaccines, respectively. In this respect CTBEV is less reactogenic than the commercial preparation.
Assuntos
Vírus da Encefalite Transmitidos por Carrapatos/imunologia , Vacinas Virais/efeitos adversos , Adolescente , Adulto , Anticorpos Antivirais/análise , Relação Dose-Resposta Imunológica , Avaliação de Medicamentos , Humanos , Imunização , Ativação Linfocitária , Masculino , Fatores de Tempo , Vacinas Atenuadas/efeitos adversos , Vacinas Atenuadas/imunologia , Vacinas Atenuadas/isolamento & purificação , Vacinas Virais/imunologia , Vacinas Virais/isolamento & purificaçãoAssuntos
Vacinas Antirrickéttsia/administração & dosagem , Tifo Epidêmico Transmitido por Piolhos/prevenção & controle , Vacinação , Vacinas/administração & dosagem , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/análise , Testes de Fixação de Complemento , Testes de Hemaglutinação , Humanos , Esquemas de Imunização , Injeções a Jato , Injeções Subcutâneas , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Oral cholera chemical vaccine in the doses tested (2 and 3 tablets) proved to be areactogenic, harmless and immunologically effective in a controlled limited trial in 150 volunteers. By the results of titration of specific antitoxins and vibriocidal antibodies in the blood serum, as well as of coproantibodies a dose of 2 tablets was chosen as the optimal one.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Antibacterianos/biossíntese , Vacinas contra Cólera/imunologia , Imunização Secundária , Vibrio cholerae/imunologia , Administração Oral , Adulto , Antitoxinas/análise , Vacinas contra Cólera/administração & dosagem , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Relação Dose-Resposta Imunológica , Avaliação de Medicamentos , Humanos , Injeções a Jato , Comprimidos , Fatores de Tempo , Toxoides/imunologia , VacinaçãoRESUMO
This article presents the results of a comparative study of the reactogenicity and the serological response induced by a number of cholera vaccines. Conducted in the USSR on 998 adults aged 18 years and over, the study covered whole-cell heat-killed and formalin-inactivated cholera vaccines, whole-cell heat-killed El Tor vaccine, and a new partially purified toxoid preparation proposed for the immunoprophylaxis of cholera-all administered by hypodermic syringe or jet injector. The most marked reactions were found to occur with the formalin-inactivated cholera vaccine and the least marked with the partially purified toxoid. It was also established that the toxoid was no less effective than the whole-cell vaccine in inducing the intense production of antibodies to the Inaba serotype and, in somewhat lesser degree, to the Ogawa serotype of the El Tor vibrio. It was the only preparation to give rise to intense production of specific antitoxins in 95-98% of cases. The reactions to and immunogenic properties of the cholera vaccines did not show any statistically significant difference whether administered by hypodermic syringe or by jet injector.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Antibacterianos/biossíntese , Vacinas contra Cólera , Cólera/prevenção & controle , Adolescente , Adulto , Vacinas contra Cólera/efeitos adversos , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Feminino , Formaldeído , Temperatura Alta , Humanos , Masculino , Toxoides , U.R.S.S. , Vibrio cholerae/imunologiaRESUMO
The authors discussed the results of study of the titre of vibration antibodies and antitoxins one, three and five months after the vaccination of adults with an optimal vaccination dose of cholerogen toxoid (24OO BU). Comparison of the immunological information obtained at the above mentioned periods showed the expediency of revaccination three months after the vaccination. Immunogenicity of the three doses of the cholerogen-toxoid tested (1200, 2400, 3600 BU) displayed no statistically significant difference in revaccination. Taking into consideration that the least reactogenic dose was 1200 BU this dose is recommended as the optimal revaccination dose for adults.