RESUMO
Successful placement of intravenous catheters (IVC) is a basic and essential clinical skill for veterinary students. The purposes of this study were to determine the overall success rate for IVC placement in cats and dogs when final-year veterinary students are performing the procedure in a clinical setting, to determine if self-assessed experience level affects IVC placement success rates, and to identify factors affecting student success with this procedure. Final-year students were asked to complete an anonymous survey following each catheter placement attempt during their 3-week core emergency medicine rotation. The survey included self-assessed level of experience, patient species, indication for IVC placement, restrainer, catheter type, insertion site, use of sedation, and perceived degree of coaching. Success or failure in catheter placement was recorded and two attempts were allowed. A Chi-square test was used to evaluate differences between insertion outcomes in dogs and cats. A univariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between success and all other variables. A total of 256 catheters were attempted by students, with an overall success rate of 61%. The cephalic vein was associated with successful placement compared with the saphenous vein (p = .005). There was no relationship between successful catheter placement and self-assessed experience, species, indication for IVC placement, insertion site, use of sedation, catheter type, or restrainer. Final-year veterinary students do not master intravenous catheterization in the emergency room setting, and additional studies are required to improve clinical instruction in this area.
RESUMO
The medical records of 59 puppies from 6 hospitals undergoing mechanical ventilation (MV) between 2006 and 2020 were reviewed to describe the signalment, underlying disease, duration of ventilation, and outcome. The most common underlying diseases were pneumonia (n = 18), non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema (n = 16), and trauma (n = 8). Twenty-six (44%) puppies were weaned from the ventilator. The overall survival rate was 39% (23/59) including 19 non-brachycephalic dogs and 4 brachycephalics. Median duration of mechanical ventilation was 27 hours (range: 4 to 144 hours). Brachycephalic dogs were less likely to survive than nonbrachycephalic dogs (P = 0.032). English bulldogs were over-represented with pneumonia. No association between age and survival to discharge (P = 0.716) or outcome (P = 0.579) was detected. The survival rate, and underlying disease process and severity for mechanically ventilated puppies was similar to previous studies in adult dogs.
Indications et issues chez les chiots sous ventilation mécanique : 59 cas (2006 à 2020). Les dossiers médicaux de 59 chiots de six hôpitaux soumis à une ventilation mécanique (VM) entre 2006 et 2020 ont été examinés pour décrire le signalement, la maladie sous-jacente, la durée de la ventilation et le résultat. Les maladies sous-jacentes les plus courantes étaient la pneumonie (n = 18), l'oedème pulmonaire non cardiogénique (n = 16) et les traumatismes (n = 8). Vingt-six (44 %) chiots ont été sevrés du ventilateur. Le taux de survie global était de 39 % (23/59) dont 19 chiens non brachycéphales et quatre brachycéphales. La durée médiane de la ventilation mécanique était de 27 heures (intervalle : 4 à 144 heures). Les chiens brachycéphales étaient moins susceptibles de survivre que les chiens non brachycéphales (P = 0,032). Les bouledogues anglais étaient surreprésentés avec la pneumonie. Aucune association entre l'âge et la survie à la sortie (P = 0,716) ou le résultat (P = 0,579) n'a été détectée. Le taux de survie, ainsi que le processus et la gravité de la maladie sous-jacente chez les chiots ventilés mécaniquement étaient similaires à ceux des études précédentes chez les chiens adultes.(Traduit par Dr Serge Messier).
