[Domination of Staphylococcus aureus in microbiocenosis of nasal cavity in children and adults with infectious and allergic rhinitis].

UNLABELLED: Aim. Determine the occurrence of S. aureus in microbiocenosis of nasal cavity of children and adults with allergic and infectious rhinitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Content of nasal cavity microflora in patients with infectious and allergic rhinitis was studied. 295 patients were observed, among those--179 children aged 3 months to 14 years and 116 adults aged 15 - 71 years. RESULTS: In 60.3% of cases in children and 52.5% of adults S. aureus was revealed to be the dominating microorganism. Additionally, in 26.8% of children and 35.3% of adults epidermal staphylococcus was isolated. CONCLUSION: Antagonistic properties of these 2 species of microorganisms assume their competition on the nasal mucous membrane.

[Microflora of pharyngeal mucosa in children with solid tumors].

Microbiological study of pharyngeal mucosa in 43 children with solid tumors revealed that 77.2% of isolated microorganisms belonged to Gram-positive flora. It was shown that streptococci and Staphylococcus aureus were the main species. Species composition of streptococci included both pyogenic (S. pyogenes, S. agalactiae, S. dysgalactiae, S. equi) andviridans species (S. acidominimus, S. oralis and "S. milleri" group). Nocardioform actinomycetes, corynebacteria and other staphylococci were referred to additional microflora. Accidental microflora was represented by Neisseria spp., non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria, enterobacteria and yeast-like fungi. Microbiologic study of pharyngeal mucosa biocenosis showed that monoculture was present only in 2.3% of cases; in other cases microorganisms formed both intra-genus and inter-species associations. 2-6-component associations were revealed with predominance of 3-4-component associations (37.2% and 32.6% respectively). Relationship of distribution of microorganisms belonging to main and additional microflora was revealed.

[Microbiota of the large bowel in patients with allergic diseases].

Spectrum of microorganisms vegetated in the large bowel of patients with allergic diseases was investigated. The index of constancy C was used for characterization of the microbial population. 80 patients (31 adults and 49 children < 14 years) were examined. Most prominent changes in obligatory and facultative parts of microflora were revealed in children. Serological typing of 108 cultures of enterobacteria isolated in children under examination with disbiosis showed variety of serogroups that can testify to the presence of pathogenic variants.

[The comparative neurobiology of human and animal color vision]. / Sravnitel'naia neirobiologiia tsvetnogo zreniia cheloveka i zhivotnykh.

Discrimination of colours was studied using instrumental learning paradigm in monkeys (Macaque rhesus) and fishes (Carpio Cyprinus L.). The confusion matrices composed of probabilities of instrumental responses were treated by factor analysis. The spherical structure of perceptual colour space revealed in both animals was close to one in humans. Four eigenvectors constituting four-dimensional Euclidean hyperspheres correspond to red-green, blue-yellow, bright and dark neuronal channels.

[The perceptive color space in the carp (Carpio cyprinus L.)]. / Pertseptivnoe tsvetovoe prostranstvo karpa (Carpio cyprinus L.).

Discrimination of colours was studied using choice conditioning paradigm (one of a pair of colour stimuli) in carps. Matrix of probabilities of instrumental reactions (catching a bead) was constructed by the results of eight experimental sessions with successive reinforcement of one of the eight colours. It was processed by factor analysis. The spherical structure of carp's perceptual colour space revealed by factor analysis was similar to that of monkeys and humans. Four eigenvectors which constituted four-dimensional Euclidean hypersphere corresponded to excitation of four colour-encoding neuronal channels, i.e., red-green, blue-yellow, bright and dark.