A unique variant of Poland-Mobius syndrome with dextrocardia and a 3q23 gain.

The combined Poland and Mobius syndrome occurs rarely and with a wide range of features. There is no consensus on the etiology of this syndrome; familial, sporadic cases and likely environmental insult cases have been reported. This sporadic case represents a unique variant in the spectrum of this syndrome.

[Role of free radical oxidation in the pathogenesis of acute hepatic necrosis in visceral-ischemic shock]. / Rol' svobodnoradikal'nogo okisleniia v patogeneze ostrogo nekroza pecheni pri vistseral'no-ishemicheskom shoke.

The mechanisms responsible for necrotic damage to liver cells at the stages of experimental visceral-ischemic shock were studied by computerized morphometric techniques for interphasic nuclei of hepatocytes. A number of geometric, optical, and textural parameters of the structure of chromatin have been defined, which characterize the extent of its damage as shock progresses. The increment of degenerative signs of the nuclear structures occurred concurrently with the enhancement of free radical processes, which may be indicative of the fact that there is their pathophysiological relationship. The findings were comparable with those of a multiparametric analysis of chromatin in the isolated hepatocytes exposed to free radical oxidation. The coincidence of temporal and structural parameters of hepatocytic nuclear alteration in shock and in the model system makes the authors conclude that in visceral-ischemic shock a great role in the genesis of cytolysis is played by the generation of active oxygen forms and their direct or lipid peroxidation-mediated action on the nuclear structures.

[Role of lipid peroxidation in liver damage in visceral-ischemic shock]. / Rol' perekisnogo okisleniia lipidov v povrezhdenii pecheni pri vistseral'no-ishemicheskom shoke.

The authors examined the contribution of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the pathogenesis of hepatic damage in visceral and ischemic shock (VIS) induced by upper mesenteric artery occlusion followed by stepwise revascularization. There was generation of initial and terminal PLO products in hepatic tissue, which increased as VIS and toxemia progressed. The accumulation kinetics of thiobarbituric acid-positive agents in the hepatic homogenates, microsomes, and mitochondria isolated in different periods of VIS was studied. The findings confirm the hypothesis that oxygen radicals play a role in the development of disturbances typical of those in the liver during the shock.

[The effect of nitrogen-containing derivatives of 1,4-naphthoquinone on mitochondrial lipid peroxidation]. / Vliinie azotsoderzhashchikh proizvodnykh 1,4-naftokhinona na perekisnoe okislenie lipidov mitokhondrii.

Nitrogen-containing derivatives of 1,4-naphthoquinone synthesized in the form of donor-acceptor autocomplexes, may serve as highly effective antioxidative agents exhibiting their properties both in microheterogeneous medium (water-micellar Tween 80 solution) and in enzymatic and nonenzymatic oxidation of lipids in mitochondria. Some of these complexes studied, where intramolecular transfer of a charge occurred during nonenzymatic oxidation in mitochondria, were only slightly less effective in the antioxidant activity as compared with the standard antioxidant ionol. Distinct increase in the antioxidant activity of the most substances studied was detected in presence of reductases participating in mitochondrial chains of electron transfer and two of these drugs proved to be more effective as compared with menadione and ionol. The data obtained are of importance for pharmacological prognosis of these new biologically active substances efficiency.

[Comparative evaluation of the effects of crystalloid solutions containing sodium lactate and sodium succinate on the hemodynamic indicators in different types of hemorrhage]. / Sravnitel'naia otsenka vliianiia kristalloidnykh rastvorov, soderzhashchikh laktat i suktsinat natriia, na pokazateli gemo- dinamiki pri razlichnykh vidakh krovopoteri.

The results are presented of the hemodynamics investigations under the influence of two saline infusion solutions in varying types of hemorrhage. The suggested crystalloid solution succinasol contains sodium succinate (instead of lactate that is present in lactasol) which improves energetic processes in tissues under conditions of circulatory hypoxia. The results of the study of hemodynamics parameters and animal survival rate have shown succinasol advantages as compared to the lactate-saline blood substitute in acute massive hemorrhage and reversible hemorrhagic shock.

[Evaluation of the effectiveness of infusion solutions based on electron-microscopic studies]. / Otsenka éffektivnosti infuzionnykh sred po dannym élektronno- mikroskopicheskikh issledovanii.

Two combined hemocorrectors have been developed for the treatment of shock terminal phases. The effectiveness of these infusion solutions was evaluated in the study of the liver and myocardium ultrastructure in experimental animals during the development of ischemic shock and its treatment. It was shown that a combination of the known agents (Rheopolyglucin, lactasol, mannitol and sodium succinate) favourably influenced the structure of the microcirculation bed, but did not affect metabolic disorders typical for a "shock cell". Inclusion into the combined hemocorrector of a molecular autocomplex, a derivative of 1,4-naphthoquinone, producing a membrane-protective effect, has significantly promoted the preservation and recovery of intracellular structures of the liver and myocardium cells.

[Mitochondrial oxidation in the liver during visceral-ischemic shock]. / Mitokhondrial'noe okislenie v pecheni pri vistseral'no-ishemicheskom shoke.

Distinct decrease in respiratory and phosphorylating functions of liver mitochondria was found under conditions of visceral-ischemic shock induced in rabbits after 2 hrs occlusion of superior mesenteric artery and the subsequent step-by-step revascularization. Endogenous intoxication was mainly responsible for inhibition of electron transport through respiratory chain. Impairment of mitochondrial oxidation is one of important factors related to development of the shock "irreversible" phase.

[Analysis of the causes of post-transfusion complications in the Uzbek SSR]. / Analiz prichin posttransfuzionnykh oslozhnenii v Uzbekskoi SSR.

An analysis has been made of 85 cases of posttransfusion complications recorded in the Uzbek SSR during 10 years (1979-1988). Most of the complications were caused by incompatibility of donor's and recipient's blood with respect to isoserologic systems of red blood cells (55), by transfusion of poor quality solutions (17), and by taking no account of contraindications to transfusion of blood and blood substitutes (13 cases). The main causes of the complications were insufficient competence of physicians in transfusiology, their inattention and disregard of the instructions on transfusion of blood and blood substitutes. The authors have suggested certain organizational measures to improve the quality of training the clinicians in transfusiology.

[The efficacy of rheopolyglucin-based blood correctors in acute blood loss in rats]. / Effektivnost' gemokorrektorov na osnove reopoligliukina pri ostroi krovopotere u krys.

The efficacy of rheopolyglucin and complex blood correctors based on it was demonstrated in experiments on 86 albino male rats. The main renal functions (glomerular filtration and tubular secretion), determined by radionuclide methods, were restored by means of infusion therapy. The effect was produced by the complex action exerted on the main pathogenetic mechanisms of the process. Rheopolyglucin injected into intact rats and rats subjected to blood loss led to a certain increase of the blood histamine level, but did not induce a shock-like reaction. Infusion of an equal volume of isotonic sodium chloride solution was also accompanied with hyperhistaminemia in some of the rats.

[The mechanism of action of a synthetic derivative of 1,4-naphthoquinone on the respiratory chain of liver and heart mitochondria]. / K mekhanizmu deistviia sinteticheskogo proizvodnogo 1,4-naftokhinona na dykhatel'nuiu tsep' mitokhondrii pecheni i serdtsa.

It was found that the 1.4-naphthoquinone derivative AK-135 (2-methyl-3-piperidine-methyl-1.4-naphthoquinone hydrochloride) possesses a marked acceptor capacity during succinate and glutamate oxidation by rat liver and rabbit heart mitochondria. AK-135 fully restores the rate of glutamate (but not succinate) oxidation by liver and heart mitochondria catalyzed by rotenone, antimycin A and cyanide. In non-phosphorylating preparations of liver and heart mitochondria, AK-135 eliminates the inhibition of respiration on exogenous NADH induced by the same electron transport inhibitors. In liver mitochondria, the stimulation of succinate oxidation is due to a reverse electron transfer, whereas in the heart it proceeds via the rotenone-insensitive pathway. The experimental results suggest that in the liver and heart AK-135 accepts electrons from NADH-dehydrogenase oxidizing endogenous NADH. Besides, in the liver this compound is also capable of accepting electrons from NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase.

[Mechanisms of the antiaggregation activity of 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives]. / K mekhanizmu antiagregatsionnoi aktivnosti proizvodnykh 1,4-naftokhinona.

The antiaggregation effects of synthetic derivatives of 1,4-naphtoquinone and ionol were studied as compared with the antioxidant properties of the agents. The proportional relationship was shown to exist between the antiaggregation properties of the compounds and their antiradical activity under conditions of the interaction with biosubstrates. The data obtained suggest that the derivatives of 1,4-naphtoquinone with the intramolecular transfer of the charge are promising antiaggregation agents.

[Influence of agents of infusion-transfusion therapy on the status of kidney function in hemorrhagic shock]. / Vliianie sredstv infuzionno-transfuzionnoUi terapii na sostoianie funktsii pochek pri gemorragicheskom shoke.

The influence of autologous blood, rheopolyglucinum with mannitol and of two combined blood corrigents on tubular secretion (with respect to 131I-hippuran excretion) and glomerular filtration (with the use of 169Yb-DTPA) was studied in experiments on white mice with "irreversible" hemorrhagic shock. It was established that autoblood transfusion led to an insignificant recovery of tubular secretion and glomerular filtration in shock. Rheopolyglucinum with mannitol improved, to some extent, the kidney function, while the combined blood corrigents including rheopolyglucinum, mannitol, crystalloids and sodium succinate contributed to more complete recovery of the kidney function. The highest effect was recorded when the blood corrigent was supplemented by a compound resuming the electron transport along the mitochondrial respiratory chain. The use of the autoblood with combined blood corrigents (1:4) in severe hemorrhagic shock led to the same degree of recovery of tubular secretion and glomerular filtration as combined blood corrigents alone.