[Changes of blood rheological properties and its correction under surgical and drug treatment in patients with phlegmons of maxillofacial area].

Blood theological properties in patients with phlegmons of maxillofacial area before treatment, immediately after surgical treatment and after surgical treatment combined with reamberin therapy were examined in the study. Negatively changed theological profile values somewhat improved after operation, mainly because of blood and serum viscosity decrease by 10-11% and blood transport capability enhancement. But significant positive macro- and microrheological changes was only received by surgical treatment combined with reamberin. Reed blood cells (RBC) incubation with reamberin proved direct microrheological effect of reamberin due to RBC deformability increase (by 10%, p < 0.05) and aggregation decrease (by 11%, p < 0.05). Positive theological changes associated with favorable clinical outcome.

Effect of desmopressin on erythrocyte aggregation.

Experiments on rats showed that desmopressin in doses recommended for single injections to humans increased erythrocyte aggregation. A close correlation between erythrocyte aggregation index and blood viscosity, on the one hand, and plasma content of acid glycosaminoglycans on the other was detected.

[The role of factors determining rheological properties of blood in mechanisms of adaptation and damage in water imbalance].

The study was made of hematological, rheological and biochemical blood parameters of white male rats in daily intramuscular injection of 0.02 mcg of desmopressin and regular periodic hyperhydration of the organism achieved by introduction of 10% water loading within 3, 6, 9 days. The results evidence for significant action of desmopressin on liquid homeostasis not only by antidiuretic effects on the kidneys, by changing the condition of connecting tissue of the matrix as shown by a marked rise of acid GAG in plasm but also by influence on rheological properties of blood which is an important element of management of transcapillary exchange in tissue microregions.

Major alterations in body fluid status and blood rheology.

Since the dehydration causes a loss of body water, we studied the rheological properties of blood in the course of water deprivation. Subjects used in this study were 64 white male rats divided into 4 groups: control (n=19) and 3 experimental groups which underwent water deprivation for 3 days (n=15), 6 days (n=15) and 10 days (n=15). The results obtained indicate that under dehydration animals have higher blood and plasma viscosity and erythrocyte aggregation index than in the control group. After 3 days of dehydration these changes are due to the loss of intravascular water. The water deprivation for 10 days causes significant disturbances in blood composition as well as changes of red blood cell membrane properties whereas blood and plasma volume return to control values.

[Spontaneous migration of blood neutrophils in mixed leukocyte population and its changes under the effect of auto-plasma substances in various functional states]. / Spontannaia migratsiia neitrofilov krovi v smeshannoi populiatsii leikotsitov i ee izmeneniia pod vliianiem veshchest autoplasmy pri razlichnykh funktsional'nykh sostoianiiakh organizma.

Modified method for studies of leukocyte migration under agarose allows evaluating the spontaneous locomotion activity of cells and its changes under the effects of humoral factors accumulating in the blood in various pathological and extreme states. Trials of the method confirmed the possibility of its use for evaluation of locomotion changes depending on cell functions and mediated by plasma factors in various conditions.

Halo formation as a characteristic of leukocyte functional activity.

Halo formation and phagocytic activity of leukocytes at different extreme states are regulated at the cellular level. Direct relationship between functional activity and halo formation is observed only during sublethal states in inflammatory diseases.

[Functional activity and mechanical properties of blood leukocytes during heating in rats]. / Funktsional'naia aktivnost' i mekhanicheskie svoistva leikotsitov krovi krys pri vneshnei teplovoi nagruzke.

Different phasic changes induced by exogenous hyperthermia in leukocytes correlated with the latter adhesion and resistance properties as well as osmotic factors. The changes seem to be related to unspecific reactions. Phagocytes' and migratory activity increased along with the time of heating exposure. Activation of protective reactions seems to be caused by humoral factors the amount of which increases in the blood along with the heating temperature.

[Hemorheological profiles in patients with arterial hypertension and bronchial asthma]. / Gemoreologicheskie profili u patsientov s arterial'noí gipertenzieí i bronkhial'noí astmoí.

Hemorheological parameters were studied in patients with essential hypertension (men and women) and those with bronchial asthma. The rheological findings were established as a hemorheological profile. The latter is a set of macro- and microrheological parameters under various pathological conditions. The data show that blood viscosity was increased and correlate with blood pressure in hypertensive patients. There were more significant changes in the male populations of the two groups. The main cause of decreased blood fluidity and oxygen transport efficiency under these conditions is associated with hemoconcentration, elevated plasma levels of protein and increased plasma viscosity. The findings suggest that with the concept of a hemorheological profile one can correct rheological disturbances under various clinical conditions.

[Pathophysiological characteristics of various types of hemodynamics in acute bronchopulmonary diseases in infants and young children]. / Patofiziologicheskaia kharakteristika razlichnykh tipov gemodinamiki pri ostrykh bronkholegochnykh zabolevaniiakh u detei grudnogo i rannego vozrasta.

Polycardiography, biomicroscopy and angiography of the bulbar conjunctiva were used to examine 54 children aged 1 month to 3 years in the acute period of bronchopulmonary inflammation. Diverse hemodynamic alterations were revealed at different levels of circulation, representing a successive chain of pathogenetic reactions at the basis of which there lie the adaptive mechanisms. The status of the terminal hemodynamics was analyzed in different phasic syndromes of the left ventricular systole.

[Rheological characteristics of the blood in long-term and quick adaptation to muscle loads]. / Reologicheskie osobennosti krovi pri dolgovremennoi i srochnoi adaptatsii k myshechnym nagruzkam.

It was established in chronic experiments on 26 dogs that long-term adaptation to regular muscular activity caused a 19.6-46.1% decrease in blood viscosity. Hematocrit was lowered and red cell deformability improved. A correlation was observed between blood viscosity and its oxygen transport function. As a result of muscular training the role of plasma protein in blood viscosity increased and that of red cells declined. Single muscular activity produced a 48.2-81% increase in blood viscosity, while plasma viscosity remained unchanged. Trained animals had lower absolute values of blood viscosity even at the time of muscular effort as compared to those in untrained animals at rest.

[Functional anatomy of the blood vessels of the dental pulp in the white rat]. / Funktsional'naia anatomiia krovenosnykh sosudov pul'py zubov beloi krysy.

Applying a complex of modern microangiological techniques, the organization of the blood bed in the incisor and molar pulp has been studied in the white rat mandible. Production of the dental tissue components in the zones of dentinogenesis is ensured by an increased density of the capillary and venular bed of the pulp, a tight connection of the capillaries with predentin. The morphometric data obtained make it possible to prognosticate a high intracapillary pressure and the hydratation degree of the interstitial gel in the incisor pulp, which is close to maximal figures. Differences in angio-architectonics of the incisor pulp and the molar pulp depend on the peculiarities of the histostructure and functional state of the pulp, on the geometry of the dental cavity and the radicular canals. The pulp blood bed possesses a complex apparatus that ensures the blood stream regulation (duplication of the nutrition sources, arteriolar and venular area, various types of anastomoses, precapillary sphincters and others).