[Effect of diet therapy on metabolism of prostaglandins in patients with hypertension and obesity]. / Vliianie dietoterapii na obmen prostaglandinov yu bol'nykh gipertonicheskoi bolezn'iu i ozhireniem.

Significant disturbances of immune regulation of prostaglandine metabolism were found in patients with hypertension and obesity. Use of antisclerotic diet with low sodium contents promoted positive changes of clinical symptoms of diseases, in particular normalizations of process of immune regulation of prostaglandine metabolism connected with formation of natural antibodies.

[Effect of atherosclerotic diet containing polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids on level of natural antibodies to prostaglandin F2alpha in patients with ischemic heart disease, hyperlipidemia and hypertension]. / Vliianie protivoateroskleroticheskoi diety s vkliucheniem polinenasyshchennykh zhirnykh kislot omega-3 na uroven estestvennykh antitel k prostaglandinu F2alpha u bolnykh ishemicheskoi bolezníu serdtsa, giperlipoproteidemiei i gipertonicheskoi bolezníu.

The hypolipidemic, antiatherogenic and thrombolytic effects and decrease of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PG) excretion were observed in 55 patients suffering from Ischemic heart disease, hyperlipidemia and hypertension fed the antiatherosclerotic diet containing 20 g of eiconol during 55 days. The low initial level of natural antibodies to PGF2 alpha was increased significantly in blood serum. Authors consider that decrease of PGF2 alpha level under diet influence is connected not only with the change of fatty acid composition of cell membranes but also with increasing of natural antibody production.

[Plasma mineralocorticoids--aldosterone and desoxycorticosterone-- in patients with"low-renin"arterial hypertension]. / Mineralokortikoidy plazmy--al'dosteron i dezoksikortikosteron-- u bol'nykh s "nuzkoreninovoi" arterial'noi gipertoniei.

The plasma aldosterone (A) and desoxycorticosterone (DOCS) levels were measured in 10 patients with primary aldosteronism and in 2 subgroups with low-renin hypertensive disease (LRHD): (1) those with normal adrenal glands++ (n - 11) and (2) those with structural changes in the cortex (n - 11). The patients from Subgroup 1 showed the lowest basal A and DOCS levels (107.29 +/- 12.90 and 0.080 +/- 0.013 ng/ml, respectively) and low concentrations of the two hormones after stimulation of 4-hour walk (211.57 +/- 30.47 and 0.095 +/- 0.024 ng/mg, respectively). In the patients from Subgroup 2, the basal and 4-hour post-walk++ A and DOCS contents were increased in the cortex (basal 201.50 +/- 41.59 and 0.177 +/- 0.36 ng/mg and poststimulation 331.33 +/- 30.47 and 0.302 +/- 0.061 ng/ml, respectively). Some patients with primary aldosteronism displayed the same DOCS response to stimulation as did those with LRHD in the presence of structural cortical changes. Histological examination of operative biopsy specimens indicated that higher DOCS levels were associated with diffuse nodal hyperplasia of the zona fasciculata in the cortex. The results suggest that there may be a LRHD variant running with excessive DOCS secretion and related to pathogenetically related to hyperplasia of predominantly the zone fasciculata in the adrenal cortex.

[Urinary prostaglandin levels in patients with arterial hypertension with benign and malignant course]. / Soderzhanie prostaglandinov v moche u bol'nykh arterial'noi gipertoniei dobrokachestvennogo i zlokachestvennogo techeniia.

With radioimmunoassay, daily urinary levels of prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha (PGE2, FGF2 alpha were measured in 45 patients with hypertensive disease, 13 patients with chronic diffuse glomerulonephritis and 14 healthy persons. A progressive reduction in urinary PGE2 excretion was found to accompany the occurrence of labile arterial hypertension (AH), its stabilization, and development of malignant AH in patients with hypertensive disease or chronic diffuse glomerulonephritis. When labile AH developed, urinary PGF2 alpha excretion was increased, but when AH stabilized, its excretion became increased up to the baseline level. The specific features of malignant AH are significantly higher urinary PGF2 alpha and sharply greater PGF2 alpha/PGE2 coefficient. The identified abnormal metabolism of renal prostaglandins may contribute to the stabilization of blood pressure at a high level and to the development of malignant AH.

[Renal prostaglandins and hypertension]. / Prostaglandiny pochek i gipertonicheskaia bolezn'.

A total of 154 patients with essential hypertension (EH), 24 patients with renovascular hypertension (RVH), and 130 Wistar rats were investigated. PGE2 and PGF2 alpha levels were assayed radioimmunologically in renal venous blood and urine of the patients, and the synthesis of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha in renal tissue, renal PGE-9-ketoreductase activity and urinary PG excretion were measured in rats. It was demonstrated that the PGE2 synthesis was depressed in the vascular channel and the renal uropoietic system, with elevated F/E rations, in patients with arterial hypertension. Clinical and experimental studies showed prolonged and excessive salt consumption to be a cause of these changes, rooted in suppressed renal biosynthesis of both PGs and increased conversion of PGE2 to PGF2 alpha. In addition, renal PGE2 inactivation was increased in EH patients, as compared to those with RVH. PGE2 produced in the kidneys of EH patients is always a depressor natriuretic substance, whereas the role of PGF2 alpha is dependent on the water-salt balance. Furosemide and, to a smaller extent, other diuretics, as well as some hypotensive agents, increase urinary PG excretion and depress the F/E ratio in the urine. Repeated PGE2 infusions are shown to enhance the sensitivity of EH patients to hypotensive drugs, so they can be used for the treatment of refractory EH cases.

[Renal hemodynamics, the renin-angiotensin system and prostaglandins in the malignant and stable course of arterial hypertension]. / Pochechnaia gemodinamika, renin-angiotenzinnaia sistema i prostaglandiny pri zlokachestvennom i stabil'nom techenii arterial'noi gipertonii.

The article discusses the results of the examination of 40 patients with symptomatic renal hypertension (in 15 of whom arterial hypertension followed a malignant course) and 19 patients with IIB-IIIA stages of hypertensive disease (6 of whom had the malignant form). Marked activation of the renin-angiotensin system along with reduced renal blood flow was found in patients with symptomatic renal hypertension. Despite the reduced renal blood flow, patients with the malignant form of hypertensive disease had diminished activity and secretion of renin as well as a considerably increased prostaglandin F2 alpha content and reduced sodium content in the plasma of renal venous and, particularly in the plasma of aortic blood.

[2 models of indomethacin-induced arterial hypertension in rats in chronic experiments]. / 2 modeli arterial'noi gipertonii u krys, vyzvannoi indometatsinom v khronicheskom opyte.

Chronic administration of small doses of prostaglandin-synthesis inhibitor indometacin against the background of a salt load or unilateral nephrectomy induces the development of arterial hypertension in rats. Arterial pressure increases (two fold on the average) on the 6th week of the experiment in 60-80% of the animals. Arterial hypertension developing against the background of a salt load is marked by retention of sodium in the organism and increase the intravascular volume, while that developing in unilateral nephrectomy--by increased sodium excretion and reduced intravascular volume. Depressed activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and conspicious changes in the renal vascular channel are noted in both forms of arterial hypertension. It is assumed that disorders in the metabolism of cyclic nucleotides underlie the changes occurring in the renal vessels due to the effect of indometacin. Similar generalized changes in the peripheral vascular channel on the whole may be the cause of the increased vascular resistance and one of the causative factors of the hypertension development.

[Role of the prostaglandin-kinin system of the kidneys in the transport of sodium and water]. / Rol' prostaglandin-kininovoi sistemy pochek v transporte natriia i vody.

The renal content of prostaglandins A, E and F2, was determined by radioimmunoassay in 33 Wistar male rats, following a preliminary purification and separation of these substances by way of chromatography. At the same time, kallikrein excretion in the urine was determined in the same animals by estimating the etherase activity of the enzyme. Several renal function parameters characterizing sodium and water transport were also analyzed. Thirteen animals were receiving Indometacine, 5 mg/kg for 5 days. In the kidneys of those animals who were kept on a routine water-salt regimen certain quantitative relationships were established between prostaglandins of different types and the activity of the renal kallikreinkinin system. Indometacine, when employed in the above dosage, caused synthesis inhibition of prostaglandins A and E, predominantly, and a significant reduction of the kallikrein activity in the urine. These changes in the humoral state of the kidneys under the effect of Indometacine were accompanied by a reduction of diuresis and natriuresis and of the concentration function of the kidneys. The obtained data emphasize the importance of the prostaglandin-kinin system of the kidneys in water and sodium transport.

[Disorders of electrolyte balance in patients with coronary atherosclerosis]. / Narusheniia elektrolitnogo ravnovesiia u bol'nykh koronarnym aterosklerozom

In 30 patients with stage I and III coronary atherosclerosis the interrelationship between K and Na content in blood and erythrocytes, daily urine excretion of aldosterone and blood level of cholesterol was studied. It was established that in patients with chronic ischaemic heart disease the electrolyte balance disorders manifested themselves on the early stages of the disease in increased plasma Na concentrations. The hypernatremia in such cases was traced against the background of an elevated mineral-corticoid activity of the adrenal glands during exacerbations of coronary insufficiency. A positive correlation was revealed between the blood levels of Na and cholesterol.