RESUMO
Sixty-five patients with suspected deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in 68 limbs were entered consecutively into a study to compare venography with duplex ultrasonography scanning. Both tests were performed on 64 limbs, venography being contraindicated in four. Overall, duplex scanning correctly identified 86 per cent of DVTs diagnosed on venography and correctly excluded 80 per cent with negative venograms. Nearly all errors arose in the diagnosis of calf DVT. In the femoral vein duplex scanning had a specificity of 100 per cent and a sensitivity of 95 per cent. In addition, duplex scanning provided data on the limb not undergoing venography. Of 55 limbs that underwent bilateral duplex scanning, five had thrombus in the femoropopliteal segment and a negative contralateral venogram. In addition, three Baker's cysts were diagnosed. Duplex scanning can be used in patients in whom venography is contraindicated and may also provide information about the contralateral limb. We regard femoropopliteal duplex scanning as sufficiently accurate that treatment can be initiated on the basis of the scan. Duplex scanning should replace venography as the standard method of diagnosing femoropopliteal DVT; radiographic studies should now be required only when the scan result is in doubt.
Assuntos
Veia Femoral/diagnóstico por imagem , Veia Poplítea/diagnóstico por imagem , Trombose/diagnóstico por imagem , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Humanos , Radiografia , UltrassonografiaAssuntos
Ferimentos e Lesões/diagnóstico por imagem , Vértebras Cervicais/diagnóstico por imagem , Vértebras Cervicais/lesões , Emergências , Humanos , Métodos , Pelve/diagnóstico por imagem , Radiografia Torácica , Fraturas da Coluna Vertebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Traumatismos da Coluna Vertebral/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
The size and number of normal mediastinal lymph nodes seen on computed tomography were studied retrospectively in 110 patients from the Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, and St Bartholomew's Hospital, London. The mediastinum was divided into four areas. Lymph nodes were seen in 81% of patients. The number of patients with nodes in a specific area varied from 28% in the right superior mediastinum to 46% in the pretracheal retrocaval space. Seventeen per cent of the areas studied contained one node, 11% contained two or three nodes and 4% had three nodes. Fewer nodes were seen in patients with sparse mediastinal fat. Sixty-seven per cent of patients had nodes measuring 5 mm or less in maximum transverse diameter and 21% of patients had one or more nodes of 6-10 mm. Only a single calcified node measured more than 10 mm. We conclude that the majority of nodes are 5 mm or less in diameter and that almost all normal nodes measure 10 mm or less.
