RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of circulating long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in databases (Embase, Web of Science, PubMed, and Cochrane Library) up to July 2022. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Statistical analysis was performed with Review Manager 5.4 and Stata 17.0. Publication bias was assessed using Begg's test, and sensitivity analysis was conducted to validate the meta-analysis results. RESULTS: Ten articles, comprising 1,473 CRC patients and 18 different circulating lncRNAs, were included. Thirteen circulating lncRNAs were found to be up-regulated in CRC patients, while five were down-regulated. High expression of circulating lncRNAs up-regulated in CRC patients was associated with shorter CRC OS (HR = 2.91, 95% CI: 1.17, 7.22; P = 0.02, I2 = 86%). Conversely, high expression of circulating lncRNAs down-regulated in CRC patients was linked to longer CRC OS (HR = 0.16, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.40; P < 0.0001, I2 = 0%) and improved DFS (HR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.37, 0.74; P = 0.0002, I2 = 0%). Additionally, circulating lncRNA levels correlated with TNM staging, tumor location, and lymph node metastasis. CONCLUSION: Circulating lncRNAs show promise as prognostic markers for CRC patients, but further studies are warranted to validate these findings.
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Epilepsy is a common symptom of many neurological disorders and can lead to neuronal damage that plays a major role in seizure-related disability. The peptidyl-prolyl isomerase Pin1 has wide-ranging influences on the occurrence and development of neurological diseases. It has also been suggested that Pin1 acts on epileptic inhibition, and the molecular mechanism has recently been reported. In this review, we primarily focus on research concerning the mechanisms and functions of Pin1 in neurons. In addition, we highlight the significance and potential applications of Pin1 in neuronal diseases, especially epilepsy. We also discuss the molecular mechanisms by which Pin1 controls synapses, ion channels and neuronal signaling pathways to modulate epileptic susceptibility. Since neurotransmitters and some neuronal signaling pathways, such as Notch1 and PI3K/Akt, are vital to the nervous system, the role of Pin1 in epilepsy is discussed in the context of the CaMKII-AMPA receptor axis, PSD-95-NMDA receptor axis, NL2/gephyrin-GABA receptor signaling, and Notch1 and PI3K/Akt pathways. The effect of Pin1 on the progression of epilepsy in animal models is discussed as well. This information will lead to a better understanding of Pin1 signaling pathways in epilepsy and may facilitate development of new therapeutic strategies.
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Ependymoblastoma is a rare embryonal neoplasm of the nervous system, and the entity is even rare with distant metastasis. This case can help refine the existing literature and provide lessons for the management of other patients with ependymoblastoma. The present case concerns an adolescent with supratentorial ependymoblastoma, who received gross-total resection (GTR), postoperative radiotherapy, and six cycles of chemotherapy, with disease-free survival (DFS) of about 5.3 years. Subsequently, pulmonary metastasis occurred, but no intracranial lesion was found. Finally, combined treatment with radiotherapy and chemotherapy significantly reduced the lung lesions, with progression-free survival (PFS) of 10 months and long-term survival of 6.3 years. This case indicates that the lung metastases of ependymoblastoma are relatively sensitive to radiation, but lung metastases have not completely disappeared. Perhaps, increasing the radiation dose to lung metastases can improve the efficacy, which is worth exploring.
RESUMO
Pin1 is a unique isomerase that regulates protein conformation and function after phosphorylation. Pin1 aberration contributes to some neurological diseases, notably Alzheimer's disease, but its role in epilepsy is not fully understood. We found that Pin1-deficient mice had significantly increased seizure susceptibility in multiple chemical inducing models and developed age-dependent spontaneous epilepsy. Electrophysiologically, Pin1 ablation enhanced excitatory synaptic transmission to prefrontal cortex (PFC) pyramidal neurons without affecting their intrinsic excitability. Biochemically, Pin1 ablation upregulated AMPA receptors and GluA1 phosphorylation by acting on phosphorylated CaMKII. Clinically, Pin1 was decreased significantly, whereas phosphorylated CaMKII and GluA1 were increased in the neocortex of patients with epilepsy. Moreover, Pin1 expression restoration in the PFC of Pin1-deficient mice using viral gene transfer significantly reduced phosphorylated CaMKII and GluA1 and effectively suppressed their seizure susceptibility. Thus, Pin1-CaMKII-AMPA receptors are a novel axis controlling epileptic susceptibility, highlighting attractive new therapeutic strategies.
