FAM171B stabilizes vimentin and enhances CCL2-mediated TAM infiltration to promote bladder cancer progression.

BACKGROUND: Invasion and metastasis are the main causes of unfavourable prognosis in patients diagnosed with bladder cancer. The efficacy of immunotherapy in bladder cancer remains suboptimal due to the presence of an immunosuppressive microenvironment. The novel protein family with sequence similarity 171B (FAM171B) has been identified, but its precise role and mechanism in bladder cancer remain unclear. METHODS: In this study, we conducted an analysis to investigate the associations between FAM171B expression and the prognosis and clinicopathological stage of bladder cancer. To this end, we utilized RNA sequencing data from the TCGA and GEO databases, as well as tumor tissue specimens obtained from our clinical centre. RNA sequencing analysis allowed us to examine the biological function of FAM171B at the transcriptional level in bladder cancer cells. Additionally, we used immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry to identify the protein that interacts with FAM171B in bladder cancer cells. The effects of FAM171B on modulating tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and vimentin-mediated tumor progression, as well as the underlying mechanisms, were clarified by phalloidin staining, immunofluorescence staining, ELISA, RNA immunoprecipitation, flow cytometry and a bladder cancer graft model. RESULTS: FAM171B expression exhibits strong positive correlation with poor survival outcomes and advanced clinicopathological stages in patients with bladder cancer. FAM171B significantly promoted bladder cancer growth and metastasis, accompanied by TAM accumulation in the microenvironment, in vivo and in vitro. Through studies of the molecular mechanism, we found that FAM171B contributes to tumor progression by stabilizing vimentin in the cytoplasm. Additionally, our research revealed that FAM171B enhances the splicing of CCL2 mRNA by interacting with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U (HNRNPU), ultimately leading to increased recruitment and M2 polarization of TAMs. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we identified FAM171B as a potent factor that promotes the progression of bladder cancer. These findings establish a solid theoretical foundation for considering FAM171B as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker for bladder cancer.

[Responses of stoichiometric characteristics of rhizosphere soil to the degradation of alpine meadow.] / é«˜å¯’è‰ç”¸æ ¹é™ åœŸå£¤åŒ–å­¦è®¡é‡ç‰¹å¾å¯¹è‰åœ°é€€åŒ–çš„å“åº”.

This study aimed to understand the stoichiometric characteristics of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) and soil nutrients in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils and to obtain information on the status of soil and microbial nutrient limitation in degraded alpine meadow. We collected soil samples from rhizosphere (0-2 mm) of dominant plant species and non-rhizosphere (0-10 cm) of the alpine meadow with four different degraded degrees in the Qilian Mountains. We measured the concentration of C, N and P and extractable C, N, P (Ext-C, Ext-N, Ext-P), the activity and proportion of extracellular enzymes (ß-1, 4-glucosidase, ß-1, 4-N-acetylglucosaminidase, leucine aminopeptidase and acid phosphatase) involved in C, N, P cycles, as well as soil microbial biomass (MBC, MBN, MBP). The results showed that nutrient concentrations in the rhizosphere of dominant species was higher than that in non-rhizosphere. With the increases of degradation degree, soil C:N:P changed significantly, and resulted in a serious imbalance of C:N and severe N limitation. In the degraded alpine meadows, the ratio of log-transformed rhizosphere C-, N- and P-extracellular enzymes deviated from the 1:1:1 of global ecosystem, indicating that nutrient supply was mainly restricted by N and followed by P. The contents of soil total nutrients in degraded alpine meadow was relatively high, but the contents of soil available nutrients were low, which would hinder plant growth.

Catalytic Asymmetric [4+2] Cycloaddition of in Situ Generated o-Quinone Methide Imines with o-Hydroxystyrenes: Diastereo- and Enantioselective Construction of Tetrahydroquinoline Frameworks.

A catalytic asymmetric [4+2] cycloaddition of ortho-quinone methide imines in situ generated from o-aminobenzyl alcohols with o-hydroxystyrenes has been established under the catalysis of chiral phosphoramide, which afforded chiral tetrahydroquinolines in moderate to good yields, good enantioselectivities, and excellent diastereoselectivities (up to 82% yield, 93:7 er, all >95:5 dr). In this catalytic asymmetric [4+2] cycloaddition, the hydrogen-bonding interaction between chiral phosphoramide and two substrates was proposed to play a crucial role in controlling the enantioselectivity. This reaction not only provides a useful approach for constructing chiral tetrahydroquinoline frameworks, but also demonstrates the great practicability of ortho-quinone methide imines in catalytic asymmetric cycloadditions.

Lower cervical spine injury treated with lateral mass plates and pedicle screws through posterior approach.

OBJECTIVE: To treat injury of the lower cervical spine C6 to C7 with cervical lateral mass plates and T1 pedicle screws through posterior approach. METHODS: The data of 8 patients with lower cervical spine C6 or C7 injury (6 patients with fracture and dislocation in C6 and C7 and 2 with fracture in C7) were analyzed retrospectively in this study. For the preoperative American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) classification, Grade C was found in 3 cases and Grade D in 5 cases. Screws were placed on the lateral masses and the first thoracic pedicle with Margerl technique. Lamina or facet bone allografting was used to achieve a long-term stability. RESULTS: All the 8 patients were followed up for 5-37 months (mean: 15 months). No operative death occurred. There were no examples of aggravation of spinal cord injury or vertebral artery injury, cerebrospinal fluid leak, nerve roots injury, screw malposition or back-out, loose of alignment or implant failure. Clinical symptoms and ASIA classification were improved in all the patients. Postoperative MRI scanning confirmed the satisfactory screw placement in all the cases. CONCLUSIONS: Lateral mass plates and pedicle screws through posterior approach are safe and beneficial for patients with lower cervical spine C6 or C7 injury.

[The use of lateral mass screws and pedicle screws for the treatment of injury of lower cervical spine].

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the effect of the use of the cervical lateral mass plates screws and T(1) pedicle screws for the treatment of C(6) to C(7) injury through posterior approach. METHODS: There were 8 patients in the study group; Each of them had been injured with low cervical spine C(6) or C(7). There were 6 cases with C(6)-C(7) injury and 2 cases with C(7) injury. According to ASIA classification, 3 cases were in grade C and 5 cases in D. The lateral mass screws were placed on the lateral masses using Margel technique. Lamina or facet bone allografting were used to achieve a long-term stability. RESULTS: All 8 patients were followed up from 5 to 37 months (mean 15 months). No operative death occurred. There were no cord or vertebral artery injury, cerebrospinal fluid leak, nerve roots injury, screw malposition or back out, loose of alignment or implant failure. Clinical symptom and ASIA classification were improved in all patients. Postoperative MRI scanning confirmed satisfactory screw placement in all cases. CONCLUSION: This technique is safe and benefit to patients with low cervical spine C(6) or C(7) injury.