The quality of life after keratinized mucosa augmentation around dental implants using xenogenic collagen matrix with or without stent.

BACKGROUND: The substitution of missing teeth with implants is a dependable and anticipated therapeutic approach. Despite numerous studies affirming long-term success rates, there exists a spectrum of potential biological and aesthetic complications. OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this study was to assess patient responses subsequent to surgical interventions, with a specific emphasis on the utilization of xenogenic collagen matrix (XCM), both with and without the application of a stent secured over healing abutments, in the context of keratinized gingival mucosa augmentation. The principal aim was to evaluate and draw comparisons between the clinical outcomes resulting from these two procedural approaches, with a particular focus on critical parameters encompassing post-operative complications, patient comfort, and the overall efficacy in achieving successful keratinized tissue augmentation. methods: Sixty patients were selected for this study. The patients were divided into three groups: A, B, and a control group, with each group comprising 20 participants. We used XCM in experimental group A, XCM covered with surgical stent in experimental group B, and free gingival graft (FGG) in the control group. After the surgical procedure, patients were required to complete a visual analogue scale (VAS) questionnaire for post-operative complications, and a quality of life (QOL) questionnaire on days 1, 3, and 7. RESULTS: Patients in the experimental groups A and B demonstrated markedly improved outcomes when compared with the control group. Assessments conducted on days 1, 3, and 7 demonstrated diminished levels of pain, bleeding, and swelling in both experimental groups, with experimental group B showing the least discomfort. The incorporation of XCM, either with or without stents, was associated with a reduction in analgesic consumption, underscoring its favorable influence on post-operative comfort, notwithstanding the exception of halitosis in experimental group B. CONCLUSION: Using XCM with or without a stent for keratinized tissue augmentation has better post-operative outcomes associated with reduced swelling, bleeding, and pain based on the QOL survey. This study provides data to support the clinical application of XCM and stents.

Genome-wide identification of chemosensory receptor genes in the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus.

The small brown planthopper (SBPH), Laodelphax striatellus is one of the major insect pests of rice, but little is known about the molecular-level means by which it locates its hosts. SBPH host-seeking behavior heavily relies on chemosensory receptors (CRs). In this study, we utilized genome analysis of the SBPH to identify 169 CRs, including: 133 odorant receptors (ORs), 13 gustatory receptors (GRs) and 23 ionotropic receptors (IRs). The phylogenetic relationships of OR genes from three rice planthoppers and other insect species revealed that the odorant co-receptor (Orco) clade is the most conserved group. Among the candidate GRs, two sugar receptors and five fructose receptors have been identified but no carbon dioxide receptors investigated. Furthermore, we identified homologs of the three highly conserved IR co-receptors. The obtained results will provide us with precious information needed to better understand the interaction between insect pests and crop plants required for effective crop protection.

[Effect of different wave-length ultraviolet light-treated micro-arc oxidation titanium surfaces on the physicochemical properties and bioactivity in vitro].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of ultraviolet (UV) light-treatment on the physicochemical properties and bioactivity of micro-arc oxidation (MAO) titanium surfaces in vitro. METHODS: The pure titanium were prepared using MAO. MAO titanium samples were treated with 15 W bactericidal lamp UVC [λ = (250 ± 20) nm] or 15 W mercury lamp [λ = (360 ± 20) nm] for 24 h under ambient conditions. Three sample groups were prepared: MAO, UVA treated after MAO (MAO + UVA), UVC treated after MAO (MAO + UVC). The surface physicochemical properties were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle measuring device, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Bicinchoninic acid (BCA) based colorimetric detection was used to quantify the percentage of albumin adsorption after 2 h, 6 h, and 24 h incubation on the titanium surfaces. The rates of MG-63 cells attached to each group titanium surfaces were calculated by nucleus immunofluorescence using Hoechst 33342 after 1 h, 2 h, and 4 h incubation. SEM was used to observe cell morphology on titanium surfaces in each group. RESULTS: No obvious differences in surface topography, TiO(2) crystal and elemental composition were detected on titanium surfaces with or without UV treatment. Statistically significant difference in contact angles among MAO + UVC group (65.34 ± 1.16)°, MAO + UVA group (44.64 ± 1.28)°, and MAO group (3.41 ± 0.48)° were found (P < 0.001). The percentage of albumin adsorption reached the plateau after 2 h incubation on MAO + UVC titanium surfaces (48.16 ± 1.24)%, which was higher than those in MAO [(8.22 ± 2.99)%] and MAO + UVA groups [(5.29 ± 2.27)%, P < 0.001]. The rates of cells attached to the surfaces of MAO + UVC titanium was greater than that on MAO surfaces and MAO + UVA surfaces after 1 h [(40.71 ± 4.08)%], 2 h [(53.72 ± 2.38)%], 4 h [(70.32 ± 2.85)%] incubation (P < 0.05). The MAO + UVC surfaces remarkably enhanced the spread of MG-63 cells, however, there was no significant difference between the group of MAO and MAO + UVA. CONCLUSIONS: Pretreatment of micro-arc oxidation titanium with UVC light considerably improved the surface bioactivity to MG-63 cells, which showed an increase in cellular attachment and spread.

Specific humoral immune responses in rhesus monkeys vaccinated with the Alzheimer's disease-associated beta-amyloid 1-15 peptide vaccine.

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by overproduction of beta-amyloid (Abeta), with the subsequent pathologic deposition of Abeta which is important for memory and cognition. Recent studies showed murine models of AD and AD patients inoculated with Abeta(1-42) peptide vaccine had a halted or delayed pathological progression of AD. Unfortunately, the clinical phase IIa trial of Abeta(1-42) peptide vaccine (AN1792) was halted prematurely because of episodes of menigoencephalitis in 18 of the vaccinated patients. The vaccination of BALB/c or Tg2576 transgenic mouse with Abeta(1-15) peptide vaccine is safe and the immune effects are satisfactory. This study further characterizes the specific humoral immune responses in adult rhesus monkeys induced by Abeta(1-15) peptide vaccine. METHODS: Five male adult rhesus monkeys were injected intramuscularly with Abeta(1-15) peptide vaccine at baseline and at weeks 2, 6, 10, 14, 18 and 22. The titers and IgG isotypes of the antibody against Abeta(1-42) in serum was measured by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The specificity of the antibody against Abeta(1-42) was determined by Western blot. The Abeta plaques in Tg2576 transgenic mouse brain were stained with the antiserum using immunohistochemistry method. RESULTS: At the eighth week after the vaccination, antibody against Abeta(1-42) began to develop significantly in serum. The titers of the antibody increased following vaccine boosted and reached 1:3840 at the twenty-fourth week, then decreased after the termination of inoculation. The IgG1 was accounted for the highest level in the antiserum pool. The antibody against Abeta(1-42) showed high specificity. The Abeta plaques in Tg2576 transgenic mouse brain were labeled with the antiserum. CONCLUSION: Abeta(1-15) vaccine can induce vigorously specific humoral immune responses in adult rhesus monkey.

[Specific humoral immune response in Rhesus monkeys vaccinated immune response with Abeta42 peptide vaccine].

AIM: To observe the humoral immuneresponse in Rhesus monkey induced by Abeta42 peptide vaccination. METHODS: Five male Rhesus monkeys were received intramuscular injection of Abeta42 peptide vaccine at 0, 2nd, 6th, 10th, 14th, 18th, 22th week. The titers and Ig subclasses of the serum anti-Abeta42 antibody were measured by ELISA. The specificity of the anti-Abeta42 antibody was determined by Western blot. The recognition of Abeta plaques in Tg2576-transgenic mouse brain tissue by anti-Abeta42 serum were detected by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: At the 8th week after the vaccination, the serum anti-Abeta42 antibody was detected. The titers of the antibody increased with times of booster inoculation and reached 1:4,320 at the 24th week, then decreased. The produced antibodies were mainly IgG1 and IgG2(IgG2/IgG1>1). The anti-Abeta42 antibody had high specificity. The Abeta plaques in Tg2576-transgenic mouse brain tissue were recognized by the antisera. CONCLUSION: Abeta42 peptide vaccine can induce effectively specific humoral immuneresponse in Rhesus monkey.