Multiple pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma, based on a study of 36 cases worldwide.

To analyze the clinical characteristics and to improve clinicians' understanding of multiple pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma (PSP) patients. A total of 36 PSP patients with multiple tumor characteristics were identified from the literature search. They were compared with 43 solitary PSP patients diagnosed and treated in our hospital in the past 5 years. Thus, the pathogenesis, clinical symptoms, diagnosis methods, treatment strategies, and prognosis of pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma (PSP) patients with multiple tumors were explored. Patients with multiple PSP are mostly distributed in Asia (88.89%) and are females (83.33%). PSP can be located in any one lobe (19.44%), or grow across ipsilateral lobes (44.44%), or even, bilateral lobes (36.11%). It can be accompanied by metastasis (9.09%) and is prone to misdiagnosis (27.78%). Compared with solitary PSP, the occurrence age of multiple PSP was younger (mean ± standard deviation [SD]: 40.36 ± 18.12: 51.28 ± 12.74 years), but there was no significant difference in sex, tumor size (mean ± SD: 43.54 ± 46.18: 30.56 ± 17.62 mm), or symptoms. Individualized surgical resection is required for treatment, including pneumonectomy (17.65%), lobectomy (23.53%), subpulmonary lobectomy (38.24%), or combined lobectomy (5.88%). Multiple PSP is relatively rare. Surgical resection within a limited time should be the main treatment for such patients. The prognosis of patients with multiple PSP is generally good, but inappropriate diagnosis and treatment plans may lead to poor prognosis.

Improving rice nitrogen-use efficiency by modulating a novel monouniquitination machinery for optimal root plasticity response to nitrogen.

Plant nitrogen (N)-use efficiency (NUE) is largely determined by the ability of root to take up external N sources, whose availability and distribution in turn trigger the modification of root system architecture (RSA) for N foraging. Therefore, improving N-responsive reshaping of RSA for optimal N absorption is a major target for developing crops with high NUE. In this study, we identified RNR10 (REGULATOR OF N-RESPONSIVE RSA ON CHROMOSOME 10) as the causal gene that underlies the significantly different root developmental plasticity in response to changes in N level exhibited by the indica (Xian) and japonica (Geng) subspecies of rice. RNR10 encodes an F-box protein that interacts with a negative regulator of auxin biosynthesis, DNR1 (DULL NITROGEN RESPONSE1). Interestingly, RNR10 monoubiquitinates DNR1 and inhibits its degradation, thus antagonizing auxin accumulation, which results in reduced root responsivity to N and nitrate (NO3-) uptake. Therefore, modulating the RNR10-DNR1-auxin module provides a novel strategy for coordinating a desirable RSA and enhanced N acquisition for future sustainable agriculture.

Enhancing the biopharmaceutical attributes of atorvastatin calcium using polymeric and lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles: An approach for atherosclerosis treatment.

Atherosclerosis is associated with inflammation in the arteries, a significant cause of heart attacks and strokes. Although statin therapy can reduce the chances of atherosclerotic plaque formation, they need to be administered in high doses due to low systemic bioavailability and encountered with side effects. To overcome these challenges, we developed nanoparticles using biocompatible and biodegradable lipids and polymers for improving systemic drug absorption and therapeutic response. The polymeric nanoparticles were prepared using PLGA and PVA, while hybrid nanoparticles were prepared using PLGA and Phospholipon 90 G. Both nanoparticles were systematically optimized by I-optimal response surface design. The optimum formulation composition exhibited particle size of less than 250 nm, polydispersity index of less than 0.3, entrapment efficiency of more than 70%, and sustained drug release up to 6 h. In vivo pharmacokinetic evaluation in rats indicated multi-fold improvement in the extent of drug absorption (Cmax and AUCtotal) for atorvastatin from the nanoparticles vis-à-vis the pure drug suspension. In vivo pharmacodynamic studies also indicated the excellent ability of nanoparticles to lower the elevated levels of lipids (total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoproteins) and increase the level of high-density lipoproteins as compared to that of the pure drug suspension.

A Self-Powered and Highly Accurate Vibration Sensor Based on Bouncing-Ball Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Intelligent Ship Machinery Monitoring.

With the development of intelligent ship, types of advanced sensors are in great demand for monitoring the work conditions of ship machinery. In the present work, a self-powered and highly accurate vibration sensor based on bouncing-ball triboelectric nanogenerator (BB-TENG) is proposed and investigated. The BB-TENG sensor consists of two copper electrode layers and one 3D-printed frame filled with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) balls. When the sensor is installed on a vibration exciter, the PTFE balls will continuously bounce between the two electrodes, generating a periodically fluctuating electrical signals whose frequency can be easily measured through fast Fourier transform. Experiments have demonstrated that the BB-TENG sensor has a high signal-to-noise ratio of 34.5 dB with mean error less than 0.05% at the vibration frequency of 10 Hz to 50 Hz which covers the most vibration range of the machinery on ship. In addition, the BB-TENG can power 30 LEDs and a temperature sensor by converting vibration energy into electricity. Therefore, the BB-TENG sensor can be utilized as a self-powered and highly accurate vibration sensor for condition monitoring of intelligent ship machinery.