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1.
Food Chem ; 458: 140239, 2024 Jun 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38944929

RESUMO

Due to increasing food safety issues, developing intelligent, on-site, and visual methods for detecting fish freshness has attracted significant attention. Here, we have prepared a benzo[h]chromene derivative BCN that can visually detect 12 biogenic amines (BAs) with high sensitivity. The mechanism for recognizing cadaverine (Cad) is that the probe reacts with Cad to produce a Schiff base derivative, which alters the charge distribution within the molecule, resulting in significant colorimetric and fluorescence changes. The sensing label BCN/FPS was prepared by loading the probe BCN on filter paper, and a visual detection platform was constructed by combining it with a smartphone. By monitoring the correspondence between label color and TVB-N content, a working curve of (R + B)/(R + B + G) with TVB-N content was obtained, enabling visual evaluation of salmon freshness using only a mobile phone. In addition, based on the good solubility and processability of BCN, its application in fluorescent dyes including impregnating dyes, printing inks, coatings, and flexible films has been explored, which opens up new directions for the application of BCN. Therefore, BCN has the potential for real-time monitoring of meat freshness and preparation of fluorescent materials.

2.
Food Chem X ; 23: 101537, 2024 Oct 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38911470

RESUMO

Edible film is now a trend in the food packaging industry. In this study, edible films were prepared by adding two Bacillus spp. (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y11 and Bacillus velezensis Y12) to a cassava starch and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium matrix. The structural, physicochemical, and biological characteristics of the film were analyzed, and its application in salmon preservation was explored. The film had a dense structure and no pores, indicating that its polymeric components were compatible with each other. The addition of Bacillus spp. increased the antioxidant activity of the film and its ability to eliminate hydroxyl radicals (84.57% and 91.86%, respectively). The film also showed good antibacterial activity against several pathogens and underwent complete degradation in natural soil within 12 days. The film significantly reduced the total coliform count of salmon and extended its shelf life by 3 days, demonstrating its value as a food-packaging material.

3.
Food Chem ; 456: 139996, 2024 Jun 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38925008

RESUMO

This study was aimed to evaluate the potential of high-humidity hot air impingement cooking (HHAIC) on Penaeus vannamei, focusing on its drying characteristics, microstructure, water distribution, enzyme activity, astaxanthin content, antioxidant capacity, color, and Maillard reaction. Results demonstrated that a 3 min HHAIC significantly improved the shrimp's color and optimized astaxanthin content with a notable increase in scavenging capacity based on an in-vitro as antioxidation activity evaluation. Compared to the untreated samples, HHAIC could significantly inactivate polyphenol oxidase by 95.76%. Also, it suppressed the Maillard reaction by decreasing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural content and shortened the drying time by 40%. In addition, the low-field nuclear magnetic resonance and microstructure analysis showed alterations in the shrimp muscle fiber structure and water distribution. This study indicated that HHAIC could elevate quality, enhance appearance, and reduce the processing time of dried shrimp, presenting valuable implications for industry progress.

4.
Food Chem ; 455: 139841, 2024 Oct 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38824724

RESUMO

Microcrystalline cellulose was modified by TEMPO oxidation combined with ultrasound to prepare modified cellulose-based emulsion. The effect of different emulsion concentration on gel properties and protein conformation of surimi was investigated. The results showed the length and width of microcrystalline cellulose were reduced, and a large amount of -COOH was introduced into modified cellulose. Direct addition of flaxseed oil decreased the gel strength and WHC from 3640.49 g·mm and 76.94% to 2702.95 g·mm and 75.89%, respectively, while 5% modified cellulose-based emulsion could improve the gel properties of surimi. Surimi gel containing 5% emulsion had the highest hydrophobic interaction, disulfide bond and ß-sheet content. Moreover, protein network structure was the densest in 5% emulsion group. Therefore, modified cellulose-based emulsion could be used to compensating for the negative impact of direct addition of flaxseed oil on surimi, which provided a new idea for the development of healthy and new emulsified surimi products.


Assuntos
Celulose , Emulsões , Produtos Pesqueiros , Géis , Celulose/química , Emulsões/química , Animais , Géis/química , Produtos Pesqueiros/análise , Conformação Proteica , Proteínas de Peixes/química , Interações Hidrofóbicas e Hidrofílicas
5.
Food Chem ; 455: 139903, 2024 Oct 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38824733

RESUMO

The effects of oat ß-glucan (OG) combined with ultrasound-assisted treatment on thermal aggregation behavior of silver carp myofibrillar protein (MP) under low salt concentration were investigated. The particle size and turbidity of MP were increased to higher levels by OG participation or ultrasound treatment during the two-stage heating. Both OG and ultrasonic treatment promoted the unfolding of MP structure, evidenced by the gradual decrease of α-helix content and fluorescence intensity, as well as the increase of ß-sheet content, surface hydrophobicity and sulfhydryl content. Compared to solely OG or ultrasonic treatment, the combination of OG and ultrasound further promoted the unfolding of MP and more sulfhydryl groups were exposed in the pre-heating stage, which was conducive to strengthen the chemical forces between MP molecules. Additionally, AFM analysis revealed that the apparent morphology of the OG combined with ultrasonic treated group exhibited a smoother surface and a more uniform distribution of aggregates.


Assuntos
Carpas , Temperatura Alta , Interações Hidrofóbicas e Hidrofílicas , beta-Glucanas , Animais , beta-Glucanas/química , Proteínas de Peixes/química , Avena/química , Proteínas Musculares/química , Agregados Proteicos , Cloreto de Sódio/química , Tamanho da Partícula
6.
Fish Shellfish Immunol ; 151: 109724, 2024 Jun 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38942251

RESUMO

Takifugu rubripes is a highly valued cultured fish in Asia, while pathogen infections can result in severe diseases and lead to substantial economic losses. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), as pattern recognition receptors, play a crucial role on recognition pathogens and initiation innate immune response. However, the immunological properties of teleost-specific TLR23 remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the biological functions of TLR23 (TrTLR23) from T. rubripes, found that TrTLR23 existed in various organs. Following bacterial pathogen challenge, the expression levels of TrTLR23 were significantly increased in immune related organs. TrTLR23 located on the cellular membrane and specifically recognized pathogenic microorganism. Co-immunoprecipitation and antibody blocking analysis revealed that TrTLR23 recruited myeloid differentiation primary response protein (MyD88), thereby mediating the activation of the ERK signaling pathway. Furthermore, in vivo showed that, when TrTLR23 is overexpressed in T. rubripes, bacterial replication in fish tissues is significantly inhibited. Consistently, when TrTLR23 expression in T. rubripes is knocked down, bacterial replication is significantly enhanced. In conclusion, these findings suggested that TrTLR23 played a critical role on mediation TLR23-MyD88-ERK axis against bacterial infection. This study revealed that TLR23 involved in the innate immune mechanism, and provided the foundation for development disease control strategies in teleost.

7.
J Sci Food Agric ; 2024 Jun 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38872574

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The effect of oleogels prepared with peanut oil and different concentrations of γ-oryzanol and ß-sitosterol mixture (γ/ß; 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 g kg-1) on the physicochemical and gel properties of myofibrillar protein (MP) was investigated. RESULTS: The solubility and average particle size of MP first decreased and then increased with increasing γ/ß concentration. Peanut oil or oleogels could induce the exposure of hydrophobic amino acids and the unfolding of MP, thus significantly increasing the surface hydrophobicity, sulfhydryl content and absolute value of zeta potential, which reached maximum values when the γ/ß concentration was 60 g kg-1 (P < 0.05). The addition of peanut oil decreased the gel strength and water holding capacity of MP gel. However, oleogels prepared with 60 g kg-1 γ/ß could significantly increase the hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bond content of MP gel (P < 0.05), which promoted the crosslinking and aggregation of MP, enhancing the gel properties. Peanut oil had no significant influence on the secondary structure of MP, while oleogels promoted the transition of MP conformation from α-helix to ß-sheet structure. The results of light microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy indicated that oleogels prepared with 60 g kg-1 γ/ß filled in the pores of MP gel network to form denser and more uniform structure. CONCLUSION: Oleogels prepared with 60 g kg-1 γ/ß could effectively improve the quality of MP gel and have promising application prospects in surimi products. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

8.
Lett Appl Microbiol ; 77(7)2024 Jul 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38886121

RESUMO

Hafnia sp. was one of the specific spoilage bacteria in aquatic products, and the aim of the study was to investigate the inhibition ability of the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) biosynthesis by an aqueous extract of Prunus persica leaves toward the spoilage-related virulence factors of Hafnia sp. The synthesized P-AgNPs were spherical, with a mean particle size of 36.3 nm and zeta potential of 21.8 ± 1.33 mV. In addition, the inhibition effects of P-AgNPs on the growth of two Hafnia sp. strains and their quorum sensing regulated virulence factors, such as the formation of biofilm, secretion of N-acetyl-homoserine lactone (AHLs), proteases, and exopolysaccharides, as well as their swarming and swimming motilities were evaluated. P-AgNPs had a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 64 µg ml-1 against the two Hafnia sp. strains. When the concentration of P-AgNPs was below MIC, it could inhibit the formation of biofilms by Hafnia sp at 8-32 µg ml-1, but it promoted the formation of biofilms by Hafnia sp at 0.5-4 µg ml-1. P-AgNPs exhibited diverse inhibiting effects on AHLs and protease production, swimming, and swarming motilities at various concentrations.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos , Biofilmes , Nanopartículas Metálicas , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Extratos Vegetais , Folhas de Planta , Prunus persica , Percepção de Quorum , Prata , Percepção de Quorum/efeitos dos fármacos , Prata/farmacologia , Prata/química , Prata/metabolismo , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/química , Folhas de Planta/microbiologia , Folhas de Planta/química , Nanopartículas Metálicas/química , Biofilmes/efeitos dos fármacos , Biofilmes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Prunus persica/microbiologia , Aizoaceae/química , Fatores de Virulência/metabolismo
9.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 270(Pt 1): 131758, 2024 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38714282

RESUMO

In this study, the whey protein concentrate and xanthan gum complex obtained by specific pH treatment, along with κ-carrageenan (KC), were used to encapsulate Lactobacillus acidophilus JYLA-191 in an emulsion gel system. The effects of crosslinking and KC concentration on the visual characteristics, stability, mechanical properties, and formation mechanism of emulsion gels were investigated. The results of optical imaging, particle size distribution, and rheology exhibited that with the addition of crosslinking agents, denser and more homogeneous emulsion gels were formed, along with a relative decrease in the droplet size and a gradual increase in viscosity. Especially when the concentration of citric acid (CA) was 0.09 wt%, KC was 0.8 wt%, and K+ was present in the system, the double-network emulsion gel was stable at high temperatures and in freezing environments, and the swelling ratio was the lowest (9.41%). Gastrointestinal tract digestive treatments and pasteurization revealed that the probiotics encapsulated in the double-network emulsion gel had a higher survival rate, which was attributed to the synergistic cross-linking of CA and K+ biopolymers to construct the emulsion gels. Overall, this study highlights the potential of emulsion gels to maintain probiotic vitality and provides valuable insights for developing inventive functional foods.


Assuntos
Carragenina , Emulsões , Géis , Lactobacillus acidophilus , Polissacarídeos Bacterianos , Probióticos , Proteínas do Soro do Leite , Polissacarídeos Bacterianos/química , Polissacarídeos Bacterianos/farmacologia , Carragenina/química , Carragenina/farmacologia , Emulsões/química , Probióticos/química , Proteínas do Soro do Leite/química , Proteínas do Soro do Leite/farmacologia , Géis/química , Lactobacillus acidophilus/efeitos dos fármacos , Reologia , Viabilidade Microbiana/efeitos dos fármacos , Tamanho da Partícula , Viscosidade
10.
Food Chem ; 448: 139208, 2024 Aug 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38608400

RESUMO

(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is remarkably efficacious in inhibiting the browning of red meat. We therefore propose a hypothesis that EGCG forms complexes with myoglobin, thereby stabilizing its structure and thus preventing browning. This study investigated the interaction mechanism between EGCG and myoglobin. EGCG induced static quenching of myoglobin. Noncovalent forces, including hydrogen bonds and van der Waals, primarily governing the interactions between myoglobin and EGCG. The interactions primarily disrupted myoglobin's secondary structure, thus significantly reducing surface hydrophobicity by 53% (P < 0.05). The modification augmented the solubility and thermal stability of myoglobin. The radius of gyration (Rg) value fluctuated between 1.47 and 1.54 nm, and the hydroxyl groups in EGCG formed an average of 2.93 hydrogen bonds with myoglobin. Our findings elucidated the formation of stable myoglobin-EGCG complexes and the myoglobin-EGCG interaction, thus confirming our initial hypothesis.


Assuntos
Catequina , Catequina/análogos & derivados , Interações Hidrofóbicas e Hidrofílicas , Mioglobina , Mioglobina/química , Catequina/química , Ligação de Hidrogênio , Animais , Ligação Proteica
11.
Food Chem X ; 22: 101389, 2024 Jun 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38681232

RESUMO

The present study investigated the impact of plasma-activated water (PAW), slightly acidic electrolytic water (SAEW) and plasma-activated slightly acidic electrolytic water (PASW) treatment on myofibrillar protein (MP) in salmon fillets. Additionally, the interaction mechanism between myosin and reactive oxygen species was explored by molecular docking. Compared with the control group (719.26 nm), PASW treatment group exhibited the smallest particle size (408.97 nm). The PASW treatment exhibited efficacy in reducing MP aggregation and inhibiting protein oxidation. In comparison with other treatments, PASW treatment demonstrated a greater ability to mitigate damage to the secondary and tertiary structures of MP. O3 and H2O2 interact with myosin through hydrogen bonding. Specifically, O3 interacts with Lys676, Gly677, and Met678 of myosin while H2O2 binds to Thr681, Asp626, Arg680, and Met678. This study offers novel insights into the impact of PASW on MP, and provides a theoretical foundation for its application in aquatic product processing.

12.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun ; 710: 149863, 2024 May 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38579535

RESUMO

Vascular calcification is an important factor in the high morbidity and mortality of Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Vascular damage caused by calcification of the intima or media impairs the physiological function of the vascular wall. Inflammation is a central factor in the development of vascular calcification. Macrophages are the main inflammatory cells. Dynamic changes of macrophages with different phenotypes play an important role in the occurrence, progression and stability of calcification. This review focuses on macrophage polarization and the relationship between macrophages of different phenotypes and calcification environment, as well as the mechanism of interaction, it is considered that macrophages can promote vascular calcification by releasing inflammatory mediators and promoting the osteogenic transdifferentiation of smooth muscle cells and so on. In addition, several therapeutic strategies aimed at macrophage polarization for vascular calcification are described, which are of great significance for targeted treatment of vascular calcification.


Assuntos
Músculo Liso Vascular , Calcificação Vascular , Humanos , Calcificação Vascular/genética , Macrófagos , Osteogênese , Fenótipo , Miócitos de Músculo Liso
13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38676833

RESUMO

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is the primary cause of low back pain. Stem cell transplantation may be a possible approach to promote IVDD. This study was aimed to investigate the role of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in IVDD and the molecular mechanism. Annulus fibrosus cells (AFCs) were treated with tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) to induce oxidative stress injury. AFC biological functions were analyzed using a lactate dehydrogenase kit, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry, and western blot. The molecular mechanisms of BMSC functions were assessed using quantitative real-time PCR, western blot, immunoprecipitation (IP), co-IP, GST pull-down, and cycloheximide treatment. Furthermore, the impacts of BMSCs in IVDD progression in vivo were evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and H&E analysis. BMSCs inhibited TBHP-induced inflammation and pyroptosis in AFCs. Knockdown of SIRT1 reversed the effects on inflammation and pyroptosis of BMSCs. Moreover, SIRT1 promoted the deacetylation of ASC rather than NLRP3. SIRT1 interacted with ASC to reduce its protein stability, thereby negatively regulating ASC protein levels. In addition, BMSCs alleviated LPS-induced IVDD based on matrix hydrogels. BMSCs inhibited oxidative stress-induced pyroptosis and inflammation in AFCs, thereby alleviating IVDD, suggesting that BMSCs may contribute to treating intervertebral disc generation.

14.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 268(Pt 1): 131699, 2024 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38642689

RESUMO

Starch and peanut oil (PO) were widely used to improve the gel properties of surimi, however, the impact mechanism of addition forms on the denaturation and aggregation behavior of myofibrillar protein (MP) is not clear. Therefore, the effect of starch, PO, starch/PO mixture, and starch-based emulsion on the physicochemical and gel properties of MP was investigated. The results showed that amylose could accelerate the aggregation of MP, while amylopectin was conducive to the improvement of gel properties. The addition of PO, starch/PO mixture, or starch-based emulsion increased the turbidity, solubility, sulfhydryl content of MP, and improved the gel strength, whiteness, and texture of MP gel. However, compared with starch/PO mixture group, the gel strength of MP with waxy, normal and high amylose corn starch-based emulsion increased by 22.68 %, 10.27 %, and 32.89 %, respectively. The MP containing emulsion had higher storage modulus than MP with starch/PO mixture under the same amylose content. CLSM results indicated that the oil droplets aggregated in PO or starch/PO mixture group, while emulsified oil droplets filled the protein gel network more homogeneously. Therefore, the addition of starch and PO in the form of emulsion could effectively play the filling role to improve the gel properties of MP.


Assuntos
Amilose , Emulsões , Géis , Óleo de Amendoim , Amido , Amilose/química , Amilose/análise , Óleo de Amendoim/química , Amido/química , Géis/química , Emulsões/química , Proteínas Musculares/química , Fenômenos Químicos , Solubilidade , Miofibrilas/química
15.
Mikrochim Acta ; 191(5): 284, 2024 04 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38652331

RESUMO

A dual-mode (colorimetric/fluorescence) nanoenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (NLISA) was developed based on Au-Cu nanocubes generating Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs). It is expected that this method can be used to detect the residues of sulfonamides in the field, and solve the problem of long analysis time and high cost of the traditional method. Sulfadimethoxine (SDM) was selected as the proof-of-concept target analyte. The Au-Cu nanocubes were linked to the aptamer by amide interaction, and the Au-Cu nanocubes, SDM and antibody were immobilized on a 96-well plate using the sandwich method. The assay generates PBNPs by oxidising the Cu shells on the Au-Cu nanocubes in the presence of hydrochloric acid, Fe3+ and K3[Fe (CN)6]. In this process, the copper shell undergoes oxidation to Cu2+ and subsequently Cu2 + further quenches the fluorescence of the carbon point. PBNPs exhibit peroxidase-like activity, oxidising 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to OX-TMB in the presence of H2O2, which alters the colorimetric signal. The dual-mode signals are directly proportional to the sulfadimethoxine concentration within the range 10- 3~10- 7 mg/mL. The limit of detection (LOD) of the assay is 0.023 ng/mL and 0.071 ng/mL for the fluorescent signal and the colorimetric signal, respectively. Moreover, the assay was successfully applied to determine sulfadimethoxine in silver carp, shrimp, and lamb samples with satisfactory results.


Assuntos
Carbono , Colorimetria , Cobre , Ferrocianetos , Sulfadimetoxina , Ferrocianetos/química , Sulfadimetoxina/análise , Sulfadimetoxina/química , Cobre/química , Colorimetria/métodos , Carbono/química , Limite de Detecção , Ouro/química , Pontos Quânticos/química , Fluorometria/métodos , Nanopartículas Metálicas/química , Aptâmeros de Nucleotídeos/química , Nanopartículas/química , Animais , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/métodos
16.
Food Chem ; 450: 139230, 2024 Aug 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38626713

RESUMO

At least 10 million tons of seafood products are spoiled or damaged during transportation or storage every year worldwide. Monitoring the freshness of seafood in real time has become especially important. In this study, four machine learning algorithms were used for the first time to develop a multi-objective model that can simultaneously predict the shelf-life of five marine fish species at multiple storage temperatures using 14 features such as species, temperature, total viable count, K-value, total volatile basic­nitrogen, sensory and E-nose-GC-Ms/Ms. as inputs. Among them, the radial basis function model performed the best, and the absolute errors of all test samples were <0.5. With the optimal model as the base layer, a real-time prediction platform was developed to meet the needs of practical applications. This study successfully realized multi-objective real-time prediction with accurate prediction results, providing scientific basis and technical support for food safety and quality.


Assuntos
Peixes , Armazenamento de Alimentos , Aprendizado de Máquina , Alimentos Marinhos , Animais , Alimentos Marinhos/análise , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Temperatura , Nariz Eletrônico
17.
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek ; 117(1): 52, 2024 Mar 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38478113

RESUMO

In this study, we reported a Gram-stain-negative, ovoid to rod-shaped, atrichous, and facultative anaerobe bacteria strain named YMD61T, which was isolated from the intertidal sediment of Yangma island, China. Growth of strain YMD61T occurred at 10.0-45.0 °C (optimum, 30.0 °C), pH 7.0-10.0 (optimum, 8.0) and with 0-3.0% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 2.0%). Phylogenetic tree analysis based on 16 S rRNA gene or genomic sequence indicated that strain YMD61T belonged to the genus Fuscovulum and was closely related to Fuscovulum blasticum ATCC 33,485T (96.6% sequence similarity). Genomic analysis indicated that strain YMD61T contains a circular chromosome of 3,895,730 bp with DNA G + C content of 63.3%. The genomic functional analysis indicated that strain YMD61T is a novel sulfur-metabolizing bacteria, which is capable of fixing carbon through an autotrophic pathway by integrating the processes of photosynthesis and sulfur oxidation. The predominant respiratory quinone of YMD61T was ubiquinone-10 (Q-10). The polar lipids of YMD61T contained phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, five unidentified lipids, unidentified aminolipid and unidentified aminophospholipid. The major fatty acids of strain YMD61T contained C18:1ω7c 11-methyl and summed feature 8 (C18:1 ω 7c or/and C18:1 ω 6c). Phylogenetic, physiological, biochemical and morphological analyses suggested that strain YMD61T represents a novel species of the genus Fuscovulum, and the name Fuscovulum ytuae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YMD61T (= MCCC 1K08483T = KCTC 43,537T).


Assuntos
Sedimentos Geológicos , Rhodobacteraceae , Sedimentos Geológicos/microbiologia , Fosfolipídeos/química , Filogenia , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Análise de Sequência de DNA , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Ácidos Graxos/química , Rhodobacteraceae/genética , China , Enxofre , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética
18.
Microorganisms ; 12(3)2024 Feb 29.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38543554

RESUMO

Spotted sea bass (Lateolabrax maculatus) is a high-economic-value aquacultural fish widely distributed in the coastal and estuarine areas of East Asia. In August 2020, a sudden outbreak of disease accompanied by significant mortality was documented in L. maculatus reared in marine cage cultures located in Nanhuang island, Yantai, China. Two coinfected bacterial strains, namely, NH-LM1 and NH-LM2, were isolated from the diseased L. maculatus for the first time. Through phylogenetic tree analysis, biochemical characterization, and genomic investigation, the isolated bacterial strains were identified as Vibrio harveyi and Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida, respectively. The genomic analysis revealed that V. harveyi possesses two circular chromosomes and six plasmids, while P. damselae subsp. piscicida possesses two circular chromosomes and two plasmids. Furthermore, pathogenic genes analysis identified 587 and 484 genes in V. harveyi and P. damselae subsp. piscicida, respectively. Additionally, drug-sensitivity testing demonstrated both V. harveyi and P. damselae subsp. piscicida exhibited sensitivity to chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, orfloxacin, minocycline, doxycycline, tetracycline, and ceftriaxone. Moreover, antibiotic resistance genes were detected in the plasmids of both strains. Extracellular product (ECP) analysis demonstrated that both V. harveyi and P. damselae subsp. piscicida can produce hemolysin and amylase, while V. harveyi additionally can produce caseinase and esterase. Furthermore, infected fish displayed severe histopathological alterations, including infiltration of lymphocytes, cellular degeneration and necrosis, and loose aggregation of cells. Artificial infection assays determined that the LD50 of P. damselae subsp. piscicida was 3 × 105 CFU/g, while the LD50 of V. harveyi was too low to be accurately evaluated. Furthermore, the dual infection of V. harveyi and P. damselae subsp. piscicida elicits a more rapid and pronounced mortality rate compared to single challenge, thereby potentially exacerbating the severity of the disease through synergistic effects. Ultimately, our findings offer compelling evidence for the occurrence of coinfections involving V. harveyi and P. damselae subsp. piscicida in L. maculatus, thereby contributing to the advancement of diagnostic and preventative measures for the associated disease.

19.
Food Chem ; 446: 138903, 2024 Jul 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38452507

RESUMO

Cryoprotective effect and potential mechanism of soluble soybean polysaccharides (SSPS) and enzymatic hydrolysates on surimi was investigated. After hydrolysis, the molecular weight of SSPS significantly decreased, and the hydrolysates prepared by endo-polygalacturonase (EPG-SSPS) was the lowest (154 kDa). Infrared spectrum analysis revealed that enzymatic hydrolysis didn't alter the functional groups of SSPS, but it did augment the exposure to hydroxyl groups. Surimi containing 5 % EPG-SSPS had the lowest freezable water after 20 days of frozen storage. Furthermore, the 5 % EPG-SSPS group manifested the highest metrics in total sulfhydryl (8.0 × 10-5 mol/g), active sulfhydryl content (6.7 × 10-5 mol/g), Ca2+-ATPase activity, and exhibited the lowest level in carbonyl content, surface hydrophobicity (153 µg). Notably, the 5 % EPG-SSPS maintained the stability of protein structure. Conclusively, SSPS enzymatic hydrolysate using endo-polygalacturonase imparted superior cryoprotective effect on the myofibrillar protein of surimi, and the mechanism might be a decrease in molecular weight and exposure of hydroxyl groups.


Assuntos
Crioprotetores , Glycine max , Animais , Crioprotetores/química , Poligalacturonase , Polissacarídeos/farmacologia , Polissacarídeos/química , Congelamento , Peixes , Hidrolisados de Proteína/química
20.
Plant Biotechnol J ; 22(7): 1989-2006, 2024 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38412139

RESUMO

Regulation of grain size is a crucial strategy for improving the crop yield and is also a fundamental aspect of developmental biology. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms governing grain development in wheat remain largely unknown. In this study, we identified a wheat atypical basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, TabHLH489, which is tightly associated with grain length through genome-wide association study and map-based cloning. Knockout of TabHLH489 and its homologous genes resulted in increased grain length and weight, whereas the overexpression led to decreased grain length and weight. TaSnRK1α1, the α-catalytic subunit of plant energy sensor SnRK1, interacted with and phosphorylated TabHLH489 to induce its degradation, thereby promoting wheat grain development. Sugar treatment induced TaSnRK1α1 protein accumulation while reducing TabHLH489 protein levels. Moreover, brassinosteroid (BR) promotes grain development by decreasing TabHLH489 expression through the transcription factor BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT1 (BZR1). Importantly, natural variations in the promoter region of TabHLH489 affect the TaBZR1 binding ability, thereby influencing TabHLH489 expression. Taken together, our findings reveal that the TaSnRK1α1-TabHLH489 regulatory module integrates BR and sugar signalling to regulate grain length, presenting potential targets for enhancing grain size in wheat.


Assuntos
Brassinosteroides , Grão Comestível , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas , Proteínas de Plantas , Triticum , Triticum/genética , Triticum/metabolismo , Triticum/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Brassinosteroides/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Grão Comestível/genética , Grão Comestível/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Grão Comestível/metabolismo , Açúcares/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/genética , Fatores de Transcrição Hélice-Alça-Hélice Básicos/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição Hélice-Alça-Hélice Básicos/genética , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla
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